Pathways to adaptive functioning in autism from early childhood to adolescence.
ADHD
adaptive function
autism
behavioral problems
emotional problems
Journal
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research
ISSN: 1939-3806
Titre abrégé: Autism Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101461858
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2022
10 2022
Historique:
received:
22
04
2022
accepted:
15
07
2022
pubmed:
29
7
2022
medline:
13
10
2022
entrez:
28
7
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Adaptive functioning is lower in many autistic individuals to a greater extent than would be expected based on IQ. However, the clinical features associated with these difficulties are less well understood. This study examines longitudinal and contemporaneous associations of adaptive functioning in autistic youth across a wide ability range. Parent-reported autism symptoms, co-occurring emotional, behavioral and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and IQ were assessed in early childhood (M age 7 years; T1) and 6 years later in adolescence (M age 13 years; T2) in 179 autistic youth. Adaptive functioning was assessed at T2. Structural equation modeling estimated pathways to adaptive functioning from autism, and psychiatric symptoms at T1 and T2, testing whether associations were driven by continuity of behaviors from T1 to T2 or their contemporaneous effect at T2, or both, controlling for T1 IQ. Lower adaptive functioning at T2 was associated with higher T1 and T2 ADHD symptoms (β = -0.14, and β = -0.21) but not behavioral nor emotional symptoms at either timepoint. Lower adaptive functioning at T2 was also associated with lower T1 IQ (β = 0.43) and higher social communication symptoms (β = -0.37) at T2 but not T1, but the relationship with ADHD symptoms remained. Paths were not moderated by sex or IQ. Increased symptoms of ADHD, both in early childhood and contemporaneously, were associated with reduced adaptive functioning in adolescence. Co-occurring ADHD may be a modifiable risk factor for adaptive function impairments and should be routinely assessed and when present evidence-based treatments initiated which may benefit adaptive functioning outcomes. LAY SUMMARY: Adaptive functioning is lower in many autistic individuals to a greater extent than would be expected based on IQ. However, the clinical features associated with these difficulties are less well understood. In a community sample higher attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, but not emotional or behavioral symptoms, in both early childhood and contemporaneously were associated with lower adaptive functioning in autistic adolescents. Co-occurring ADHD may be a modifiable risk factor for adaptive function difficulties in autism.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35899846
doi: 10.1002/aur.2785
pmc: PMC9796413
mid: EMS158861
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1883-1893Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 213608
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Department of Health
ID : RP-PG-1211-20016
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 213608/Z/18/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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