Clinical impact of whole-genome sequencing in patients with early-onset dementia.

American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics Clinical Genetics Dementia Genetics Early Onset Dementia Medical Genetics Neurogenetics Short Tandem Repeat Analysis Structural Variant analysis Whole Genome Sequencing

Journal

Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
ISSN: 1468-330X
Titre abrégé: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
Pays: England
ID NLM: 2985191R

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
29 Jul 2022
Historique:
received: 30 09 2021
accepted: 07 06 2022
entrez: 29 7 2022
pubmed: 30 7 2022
medline: 30 7 2022
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

In the clinical setting, identification of the genetic cause in patients with early-onset dementia (EOD) is challenging due to multiple types of genetic tests required to arrive at a diagnosis. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has the potential to serve as a single diagnostic platform, due to its superior ability to detect common, rare and structural genetic variation. WGS analysis was performed in 50 patients with EOD. Point mutations, small insertions/deletions, as well as structural variants (SVs) and short tandem repeats (STRs), were analysed. An Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related polygenic risk score (PRS) was calculated in patients with AD. Clinical genetic diagnosis was achieved in 7 of 50 (14%) of the patients, with a further 8 patients (16%) found to have established risk factors which may have contributed to their EOD. Two pathogenic variants were identified through SV analysis. No expanded STRs were found in this study cohort, but a blinded analysis with a positive control identified a WGS acts as a single genetic test to identify different types of clinically relevant genetic variations in patients with EOD. WGS, if used as a first-line clinical diagnostic test, has the potential to increase the diagnostic yield and reduce time to diagnosis for EOD.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
In the clinical setting, identification of the genetic cause in patients with early-onset dementia (EOD) is challenging due to multiple types of genetic tests required to arrive at a diagnosis. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has the potential to serve as a single diagnostic platform, due to its superior ability to detect common, rare and structural genetic variation.
METHODS METHODS
WGS analysis was performed in 50 patients with EOD. Point mutations, small insertions/deletions, as well as structural variants (SVs) and short tandem repeats (STRs), were analysed. An Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related polygenic risk score (PRS) was calculated in patients with AD.
RESULTS RESULTS
Clinical genetic diagnosis was achieved in 7 of 50 (14%) of the patients, with a further 8 patients (16%) found to have established risk factors which may have contributed to their EOD. Two pathogenic variants were identified through SV analysis. No expanded STRs were found in this study cohort, but a blinded analysis with a positive control identified a
DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
WGS acts as a single genetic test to identify different types of clinically relevant genetic variations in patients with EOD. WGS, if used as a first-line clinical diagnostic test, has the potential to increase the diagnostic yield and reduce time to diagnosis for EOD.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35906014
pii: jnnp-2021-328146
doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-328146
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interests: None declared.

Auteurs

Aamira J Huq (AJ)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Aamira.huq@mh.org.au.
Department of Clinical Genetics, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Bryony Thompson (B)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Mark F Bennett (MF)

Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Adam Bournazos (A)

Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Shobhana Bommireddipalli (S)

Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Alexandra Gorelik (A)

Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Joshua Schultz (J)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Adrienne Sexton (A)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Rebecca Purvis (R)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Kirsty West (K)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Megan Cotter (M)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.

Giulia Valente (G)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.

Andrew Hughes (A)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.

Moeen Riaz (M)

Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Maie Walsh (M)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Sarah Farrand (S)

Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Samantha M Loi (SM)

Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Trevor Kilpatrick (T)

Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Amy Brodtmann (A)

Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Florey Neurosciences Institutes, University of Melbourne, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia.

David Darby (D)

Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Dhamidhu Eratne (D)

Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Mark Walterfang (M)

Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Martin Bruce Delatycki (MB)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.

Elsdon Storey (E)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Neuroscience, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Michael Fahey (M)

Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Sandra Cooper (S)

Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Paul Lacaze (P)

Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Colin L Masters (CL)

Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Dennis Velakoulis (D)

Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Melanie Bahlo (M)

Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Paul A James (PA)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Ingrid Winship (I)

Department of Genomic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital City Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Classifications MeSH