Comparison and Integration of Voltage and Charge Amplifiers for Capacitive ECG Measurements.

Sensing with capacitive electrodes is of interest for long-term, comfortable bio-potential measurements (e.g., ECG). However, due to the small body-to-electrode capacitance (C A VA-CA switchable amplifier was implemented in a 180 nm CMOS process. The responses to artifacts for VA and CA were studied by modelling, simulations and experiments using the custom IC. The proposed C VAs are less affected by C The combined VA-CA amplifier has the potential for optimal amplifier selection according to the properties of the recorded signal, the value of C The proposed VA-CA switchable structure is superior to an individual VA or CA, thanks its adaptability to signal quality and artifacts, and it provides extra information on the body-to-electrode interface quality (C