Association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and risk of cancer and cardiovascular outcomes in the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort.
chronic diseases
food system
healthy eating
nutrition
sustainable diet
Journal
The American journal of clinical nutrition
ISSN: 1938-3207
Titre abrégé: Am J Clin Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0376027
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 10 2022
06 10 2022
Historique:
received:
10
12
2021
accepted:
29
07
2022
pubmed:
3
8
2022
medline:
12
10
2022
entrez:
2
8
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The EAT-Lancet commission proposed, in 2019, a planetary, healthy, and universal dietary pattern. However, this diet has rarely been studied in relation to various health outcomes. We aimed to prospectively estimate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The study was conducted in participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009-2021). The endpoints were the incident outcomes (cancer and CVDs and mortality from these diseases), combined and separately. Adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was estimated using the EAT-Lancet Diet Index (ELD-I) modeled as quintiles (Qs). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs, adjusted for potential confounders and moderators. A total of 62,382 subjects were included; 2475 cases of cancer and 786 cases of cardiovascular events occurred during a median follow-up of 8.1 y. The sample was 76% female, the mean ± SD age at inclusion was 51.0 ± 10.2 y. The ELD-I ranged from -162 to 332 points with a mean ± SD score of 45.4 ± 25.6 points. In multivariable models, no significant association between the EAT-Lancet diet and the risk of cancer and CVD combined, and separately, was observed. Alcohol consumption was an effect modifier of the association. A significant association was observed among low drinkers (HRQ5vs.Q1: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.02; P-trend = 0.02). A higher ELD-I was significantly associated with a lower risk of overall cancer only among females (HRQ5vs.Q1: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.05; P-trend = 0.03). Both associations were largely attenuated by BMI. Contrary to our hypothesis, our results documented significant associations between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and incidence of cancer only in some subgroups, and no association with CVD.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03335644.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The EAT-Lancet commission proposed, in 2019, a planetary, healthy, and universal dietary pattern. However, this diet has rarely been studied in relation to various health outcomes.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to prospectively estimate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
METHODS
The study was conducted in participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009-2021). The endpoints were the incident outcomes (cancer and CVDs and mortality from these diseases), combined and separately. Adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was estimated using the EAT-Lancet Diet Index (ELD-I) modeled as quintiles (Qs). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs, adjusted for potential confounders and moderators.
RESULTS
A total of 62,382 subjects were included; 2475 cases of cancer and 786 cases of cardiovascular events occurred during a median follow-up of 8.1 y. The sample was 76% female, the mean ± SD age at inclusion was 51.0 ± 10.2 y. The ELD-I ranged from -162 to 332 points with a mean ± SD score of 45.4 ± 25.6 points. In multivariable models, no significant association between the EAT-Lancet diet and the risk of cancer and CVD combined, and separately, was observed. Alcohol consumption was an effect modifier of the association. A significant association was observed among low drinkers (HRQ5vs.Q1: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.02; P-trend = 0.02). A higher ELD-I was significantly associated with a lower risk of overall cancer only among females (HRQ5vs.Q1: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.05; P-trend = 0.03). Both associations were largely attenuated by BMI.
CONCLUSIONS
Contrary to our hypothesis, our results documented significant associations between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and incidence of cancer only in some subgroups, and no association with CVD.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03335644.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35918246
pii: S0002-9165(23)03616-X
doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac208
doi:
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT03335644']
Types de publication
Clinical Trial
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
980-991Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.