Ovarian steroid hormones: A long overlooked but critical contributor to brain aging and Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer’s disease
estrogen
hormone therapy
hormones
menopause
menstrual cycle
neuroimaging
pregnancy
Journal
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
ISSN: 1663-4365
Titre abrégé: Front Aging Neurosci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101525824
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
19
05
2022
accepted:
28
06
2022
entrez:
5
8
2022
pubmed:
6
8
2022
medline:
6
8
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Ovarian hormones, particularly 17β-estradiol, are involved in numerous neurophysiological and neurochemical processes, including those subserving cognitive function. Estradiol plays a key role in the neurobiology of aging, in part due to extensive interconnectivity of the neural and endocrine system. This aspect of aging is fundamental for women's brains as all women experience a drop in circulating estradiol levels in midlife, after menopause. Given the importance of estradiol for brain function, it is not surprising that up to 80% of peri-menopausal and post-menopausal women report neurological symptoms including changes in thermoregulation (vasomotor symptoms), mood, sleep, and cognitive performance. Preclinical evidence for neuroprotective effects of 17β-estradiol also indicate associations between menopause, cognitive aging, and Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia affecting nearly twice more women than men. Brain imaging studies demonstrated that middle-aged women exhibit increased indicators of AD endophenotype as compared to men of the same age, with onset in perimenopause. Herein, we take a translational approach to illustrate the contribution of ovarian hormones in maintaining cognition in women, with evidence implicating menopause-related declines in 17β-estradiol in cognitive aging and AD risk. We will review research focused on the role of endogenous and exogenous estrogen exposure as a key underlying mechanism to neuropathological aging in women, with a focus on whether brain structure, function and neurochemistry respond to hormone treatment. While still in development, this research area offers a new sex-based perspective on brain aging and risk of AD, while also highlighting an urgent need for better integration between neurology, psychiatry, and women's health practices.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35928995
doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.948219
pmc: PMC9344010
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
948219Subventions
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P01 AG026572
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Jett, Schelbaum, Jang, Boneu Yepez, Dyke, Pahlajani, Diaz Brinton and Mosconi.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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