Geographic distribution of the V1016G knockdown resistance mutation in Aedes albopictus: a warning bell for Europe.
Aedes albopictus
Arbovirus vector
Europe
Insecticide resistance
Integrated vector management
Kdr
Mosquito
Vector control
Journal
Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
Titre abrégé: Parasit Vectors
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101462774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 Aug 2022
05 Aug 2022
Historique:
received:
18
03
2022
accepted:
14
07
2022
entrez:
5
8
2022
pubmed:
6
8
2022
medline:
10
8
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Colonization of large part of Europe by the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is causing autochthonous transmission of chikungunya and dengue exotic arboviruses. While pyrethroids are recommended only to reduce/limit transmission, they are widely implemented to reduce biting nuisance and to control agricultural pests, increasing the risk of insurgence of resistance mechanisms. Worryingly, pyrethroid resistance (with mortality < 70%) was recently reported in Ae. albopictus populations from Italy and Spain and associated with the V1016G point mutation in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene conferring knockdown resistance (kdr). Genotyping pyrethroid resistance-associated kdr mutations in field mosquito samples represents a powerful approach to detect early signs of resistance without the need for carrying out phenotypic bioassays which require availability of live mosquitoes, dedicated facilities and appropriate expertise. Here we report results on the PCR-genotyping of the V1016G mutation in 2530 Ae. albopictus specimens from 69 sampling sites in 19 European countries. The mutation was identified in 12 sites from nine countries (with allele frequencies ranging from 1 to 8%), mostly distributed in two geographical clusters. The western cluster includes Mediterranean coastal sites from Italy, France and Malta as well as single sites from both Spain and Switzerland. The eastern cluster includes sites on both sides of the Black Sea in Bulgaria, Turkey and Georgia as well as one site from Romania. These results are consistent with genomic data showing high connectivity and close genetic relationship among West European populations and a major barrier to gene flow between West European and Balkan populations. The results of this first effort to map kdr mutations in Ae. albopictus on a continental scale show a widespread presence of the V1016G allele in Europe, although at lower frequencies than those previously reported from Italy. This represents a wake-up call for mosquito surveillance programs in Europe to include PCR-genotyping of pyrethroid resistance alleles, as well as phenotypic resistance assessments, in their routine activities.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Colonization of large part of Europe by the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is causing autochthonous transmission of chikungunya and dengue exotic arboviruses. While pyrethroids are recommended only to reduce/limit transmission, they are widely implemented to reduce biting nuisance and to control agricultural pests, increasing the risk of insurgence of resistance mechanisms. Worryingly, pyrethroid resistance (with mortality < 70%) was recently reported in Ae. albopictus populations from Italy and Spain and associated with the V1016G point mutation in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene conferring knockdown resistance (kdr). Genotyping pyrethroid resistance-associated kdr mutations in field mosquito samples represents a powerful approach to detect early signs of resistance without the need for carrying out phenotypic bioassays which require availability of live mosquitoes, dedicated facilities and appropriate expertise.
METHODS
METHODS
Here we report results on the PCR-genotyping of the V1016G mutation in 2530 Ae. albopictus specimens from 69 sampling sites in 19 European countries.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The mutation was identified in 12 sites from nine countries (with allele frequencies ranging from 1 to 8%), mostly distributed in two geographical clusters. The western cluster includes Mediterranean coastal sites from Italy, France and Malta as well as single sites from both Spain and Switzerland. The eastern cluster includes sites on both sides of the Black Sea in Bulgaria, Turkey and Georgia as well as one site from Romania. These results are consistent with genomic data showing high connectivity and close genetic relationship among West European populations and a major barrier to gene flow between West European and Balkan populations.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this first effort to map kdr mutations in Ae. albopictus on a continental scale show a widespread presence of the V1016G allele in Europe, although at lower frequencies than those previously reported from Italy. This represents a wake-up call for mosquito surveillance programs in Europe to include PCR-genotyping of pyrethroid resistance alleles, as well as phenotypic resistance assessments, in their routine activities.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35932088
doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05407-3
pii: 10.1186/s13071-022-05407-3
pmc: PMC9356396
doi:
Substances chimiques
Insecticides
0
Pyrethrins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
280Subventions
Organisme : Junta de Extremadura
ID : IB16135
Organisme : EU Environmental Funding Programme LIFE+ Greek Environment Policy and Governance
ID : LIFE12 ENV/GR/000466
Organisme : Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia
ID : UIDP/50017/2020 + UIDB/50017/2020 + LA/P/0094/2020
Organisme : Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
ID : PTDC/BIA-OUT/29477/2017
Organisme : Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca
ID : PRIN2020
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
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