Exhaled breath SARS-CoV-2 shedding patterns across variants of concern.

COVID-19 Exhaled breath SARS-CoV-2 Variants of concern Viral shedding

Journal

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
ISSN: 1878-3511
Titre abrégé: Int J Infect Dis
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 9610933

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Oct 2022
Historique:
received: 23 06 2022
revised: 27 07 2022
accepted: 27 07 2022
pubmed: 7 8 2022
medline: 5 10 2022
entrez: 6 8 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

We performed exhaled breath (EB) and nasopharyngeal (NP) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and NP rapid antigen testing (NP RAT) of SARS-CoV-2 infections with different variants. We included immuno-naïve alpha-infected (n = 11) and partly boosted omicron-infected patients (n = 8) as high-risk contacts. We compared peak NP and EB qPCR cycle time (ct) values between cohorts (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). Test positivity was compared for three infection phases using Cochran Q test. Peak median NP ct was 11.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 10.1-12.1) for alpha and 12.2 (IQR 11.1-15.3) for omicron infections. Peak median EB ct was 25.2 (IQR 24.5-26.9) and 28.3 (IQR 26.4-30.8) for alpha and omicron infections, respectively. Distributions did not differ between cohorts for NP (P = 0.19) or EB (P = 0.09). SARS-CoV-2 shedding peaked on day 1 in EB (confidence interval [CI] 0.0 - 4.5) and day 3 in NP (CI 1.5 - 6.0). EB qPCR positivity equaled NP qPCR positivity on D0-D1 (P = 0.44) and D2-D6 (P = 1.0). It superseded NP RAT positivity on D0-D1 (P = 0.003) and D2-D6 (P = 0.008). It was inferior to both on D7-D10 (P < 0.001). Peak EB and nasopharynx shedding were comparable across variants. EB qPCR positivity matched NP qPCR and superseded NP RAT in the first week of infection.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35932968
pii: S1201-9712(22)00466-0
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.069
pmc: PMC9349369
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

25-33

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no competing interests to declare.

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Auteurs

Joren Raymenants (J)

Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Department of general internal medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: Joren.raymenants@kuleuven.be.

Wout Duthoo (W)

Imec Solutions department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

Tim Stakenborg (T)

Life Science Technologies department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

Bert Verbruggen (B)

Imec Solutions department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

Julien Verplanken (J)

Enabling Digital Transformations department, imec, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.

Jos Feys (J)

Department of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology (Rega Institute), 3000, Leuven, Belgium.

Joost Van Duppen (J)

Life Science Technologies department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

Rabea Hanifa (R)

Life Science Technologies department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

Elisabeth Marchal (E)

Life Science Technologies department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

Andy Lambrechts (A)

Imec Solutions department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

Piet Maes (P)

KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.

Emmanuel André (E)

Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Department of laboratory medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.

Nik Van den Wijngaert (N)

Imec Solutions department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

Peter Peumans (P)

Life Science Technologies department, imec, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.

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