Elite and posttreatment controllers, two facets of HIV control.
Journal
Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
ISSN: 1746-6318
Titre abrégé: Curr Opin HIV AIDS
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101264945
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 09 2022
01 09 2022
Historique:
entrez:
8
8
2022
pubmed:
9
8
2022
medline:
10
8
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The quest for HIV-1 cure could take advantage of the study of rare individuals that control viral replication spontaneously (elite controllers) or after an initial course of antiretroviral therapy (posttreatment controllers, PTCs). In this review, we will compare back-to-back the immunological and virological features underlying viral suppression in elite controllers and PTCs, and explore their possible contributions to the HIV-1 cure research. HIV-1 control in elite controllers shows hallmarks of an effective antiviral response, favored by genetic background and possibly associated to residual immune activation. The immune pressure in elite controllers might select against actively transcribing intact proviruses, allowing the persistence of a small and poorly inducible reservoir. Evidence on PTCs is less abundant but preliminary data suggest that antiviral immune responses may be less pronounced. Therefore, these patients may rely on distinct mechanisms, not completely elucidated to date, suppressing HIV-1 transcription and replication. PTCs and elite controllers may control HIV replication using distinct pathways, the elucidation of which may contribute to design future interventional strategies aiming to achieve a functional cure.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35938466
doi: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000751
pii: 01222929-202209000-00011
pmc: PMC10004771
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antiviral Agents
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
325-332Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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