Skin thickness affects the result of tuberculin skin test in systemic sclerosis.

Diagnostic study Latent tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Scleroderma Systemic sclerosis Tuberculin skin test

Journal

BMC rheumatology
ISSN: 2520-1026
Titre abrégé: BMC Rheumatol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101738571

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
13 Aug 2022
Historique:
received: 26 02 2022
accepted: 25 05 2022
entrez: 12 8 2022
pubmed: 13 8 2022
medline: 13 8 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Skin thickness is a prominent clinical feature of systemic sclerosis (SSc), but there is no consensus on the cut-off for a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) size and the limitation of the TST for a diagnosis of tuberculosis in SSc. We aimed to identify the cut-off size of an indurated TST and the sensitivity and specificity of the test for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in SSc patients. A cross-sectional study of 168 adult Thai SSc patients was conducted. The TST was done using 0.1 ml of purified protein derivatives via intradermal injection. The test was interpreted 72 h after testing. The median age was 57.2 years. The majority (71.8%) had the diffuse cutaneous SSc subset. All the patients had a BCG vaccination at birth, and 17 (10.1%) had a tuberculosis infection. An indurated skin reaction size of 20 mm had the highest specificity for tuberculosis (99.3%: 95%CI 96.4-100) (ROC 0.53). The skin thickness-assessed using the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS)-had a significant negative correlation with the reaction size (Rho -0.23; p = 0.003). The TST is not sufficiently sensitive for detecting TB infection in SSc patients, albeit a skin induration of ≥ 15 mm indicates a high specificity for tuberculosis infection. A high mRSS resulted in a smaller skin reaction size when using the TST, which has limited utility as a diagnostic for tuberculosis among SSc patients with severe skin thickness. The manuscript was presented as a poster presentation at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology EULAR 2019 Madrid 12-15 June 2019. (Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(suppl 2): abstract FRI0347) http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.1456.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Skin thickness is a prominent clinical feature of systemic sclerosis (SSc), but there is no consensus on the cut-off for a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) size and the limitation of the TST for a diagnosis of tuberculosis in SSc. We aimed to identify the cut-off size of an indurated TST and the sensitivity and specificity of the test for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in SSc patients.
METHODS METHODS
A cross-sectional study of 168 adult Thai SSc patients was conducted. The TST was done using 0.1 ml of purified protein derivatives via intradermal injection. The test was interpreted 72 h after testing.
RESULTS RESULTS
The median age was 57.2 years. The majority (71.8%) had the diffuse cutaneous SSc subset. All the patients had a BCG vaccination at birth, and 17 (10.1%) had a tuberculosis infection. An indurated skin reaction size of 20 mm had the highest specificity for tuberculosis (99.3%: 95%CI 96.4-100) (ROC 0.53). The skin thickness-assessed using the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS)-had a significant negative correlation with the reaction size (Rho -0.23; p = 0.003).
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
The TST is not sufficiently sensitive for detecting TB infection in SSc patients, albeit a skin induration of ≥ 15 mm indicates a high specificity for tuberculosis infection. A high mRSS resulted in a smaller skin reaction size when using the TST, which has limited utility as a diagnostic for tuberculosis among SSc patients with severe skin thickness. The manuscript was presented as a poster presentation at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology EULAR 2019 Madrid 12-15 June 2019. (Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(suppl 2): abstract FRI0347) http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.1456.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35962447
doi: 10.1186/s41927-022-00278-8
pii: 10.1186/s41927-022-00278-8
pmc: PMC9375415
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

48

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Apichart So-Ngern (A)

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.

Ajanee Mahakkanukrauh (A)

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.

Siraphop Suwannaroj (S)

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.

Ratanavadee Nanagara (R)

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.

Chingching Foocharoen (C)

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. fching@kku.ac.th.

Classifications MeSH