Development of a score for early identification of children with Kawasaki disease requiring second-line treatment in multi-ethnic populations in Europe: A multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Clinical scoring Coronary artery Echocardiography Kawasaki disease Pediatric rheumatology Severity score Vasculitis

Journal

The Lancet regional health. Europe
ISSN: 2666-7762
Titre abrégé: Lancet Reg Health Eur
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101777707

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Nov 2022
Historique:
entrez: 19 8 2022
pubmed: 20 8 2022
medline: 20 8 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Early identification of high-risk patients is essential to stratify treatment algorithms of Kawasaki disease (KD) and to appropriately select patients at risk for complicated disease who would benefit from intensified first-line treatment. Several scores have been developed and validated in Asian populations but have shown low sensitivity in predicting intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance in non-Asian populations. We sought methods to predict the need for secondary treatment after initial IVIG in non-Asian populations. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study including consecutive patients with KD admitted to two tertiary pediatric hospitals in France and Italy from 2005 to 2019. We evaluated the performance of the Kawanet-score and compared it with the performances of initial echocardiography findings, and of a newly proposed score combining the Kawanet-score and initial echocardiography findings. For each score, we assessed the AUC, sensitivity and specificity for predicting the need for second-line treatment. We included 363 children with KD, 186 from France and 177 from Italy, of whom 57 (16%) required second-line therapy after the first IVIG dose. The Kawanet score, coronary artery dilation or aneurysm with maximal Z-score ≥2.0 at baseline, and abnormal initial echocardiography had a sensitivity of 43%, 55% and 65% and a specificity of 73%, 78%, 73%, respectively, for predicting the need for second-line treatment. The Kawanet-score was significantly improved by combining it with initial echocardiography findings. The best predictive performance (Sensitivity 76%, Specificity 54%) was obtained by combining the Kawanet-score with abnormal initial echocardiography, defined by the presence of either coronary artery maximal Z-score ≥2.0, pericarditis, myocarditis and/or ventricular dysfunction. This score predicted the need for second-line treatment in European, African/Afro-Caribbean and Asian ethnicity with a sensitivity of 80%, 65% and 100%, respectively, and a specificity of 56%, 51% and 61%, respectively. Our study proposes a score that we named the Kawanet-echo score, which allows early identification of children with KD who require a second-line treatment in multi-ethnic populations in Europe. None.

Sections du résumé

Background UNASSIGNED
Early identification of high-risk patients is essential to stratify treatment algorithms of Kawasaki disease (KD) and to appropriately select patients at risk for complicated disease who would benefit from intensified first-line treatment. Several scores have been developed and validated in Asian populations but have shown low sensitivity in predicting intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance in non-Asian populations. We sought methods to predict the need for secondary treatment after initial IVIG in non-Asian populations.
Methods UNASSIGNED
We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study including consecutive patients with KD admitted to two tertiary pediatric hospitals in France and Italy from 2005 to 2019. We evaluated the performance of the Kawanet-score and compared it with the performances of initial echocardiography findings, and of a newly proposed score combining the Kawanet-score and initial echocardiography findings. For each score, we assessed the AUC, sensitivity and specificity for predicting the need for second-line treatment.
Findings UNASSIGNED
We included 363 children with KD, 186 from France and 177 from Italy, of whom 57 (16%) required second-line therapy after the first IVIG dose. The Kawanet score, coronary artery dilation or aneurysm with maximal Z-score ≥2.0 at baseline, and abnormal initial echocardiography had a sensitivity of 43%, 55% and 65% and a specificity of 73%, 78%, 73%, respectively, for predicting the need for second-line treatment. The Kawanet-score was significantly improved by combining it with initial echocardiography findings. The best predictive performance (Sensitivity 76%, Specificity 54%) was obtained by combining the Kawanet-score with abnormal initial echocardiography, defined by the presence of either coronary artery maximal Z-score ≥2.0, pericarditis, myocarditis and/or ventricular dysfunction. This score predicted the need for second-line treatment in European, African/Afro-Caribbean and Asian ethnicity with a sensitivity of 80%, 65% and 100%, respectively, and a specificity of 56%, 51% and 61%, respectively.
Interpretation UNASSIGNED
Our study proposes a score that we named the Kawanet-echo score, which allows early identification of children with KD who require a second-line treatment in multi-ethnic populations in Europe.
Funding UNASSIGNED
None.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35982834
doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100481
pii: S2666-7762(22)00177-6
pmc: PMC9379661
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

100481

Informations de copyright

© 2022 The Authors.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

All authors: None to declare.

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Auteurs

Naim Ouldali (N)

Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Paediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases RAISE, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, ECEVE INSERM UMR 1123, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.
Université de Paris, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France.

Rosa Maria Dellepiane (RM)

Pediatric Intermediate Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Sofia Torreggiani (S)

Pediatric Intermediate Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Lucia Mauri (L)

Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Gladys Beaujour (G)

Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Paediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases RAISE, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.

Constance Beyler (C)

Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.

Martina Cucchetti (M)

University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Cécile Dumaine (C)

Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Paediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases RAISE, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.

Adriano La Vecchia (A)

University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Isabelle Melki (I)

Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Paediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases RAISE, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.

Rita Stracquadaino (R)

University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Caroline Vinit (C)

Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Paediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases RAISE, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.

Rolando Cimaz (R)

Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Research Center for Adult and Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Ulrich Meinzer (U)

Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, National Reference Centre for Rare Paediatric Inflammatory Rheumatisms and Systemic Autoimmune diseases RAISE, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France.
Université de Paris, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France.
Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR1149, Paris, France.
Biology and Genetics of Bacterial Cell Wall Unit, Pasteur Institute, University de Paris, Paris, France.

Classifications MeSH