Neurocognition and its association with adverse childhood experiences and familial risk of mental illness.
ACEs
Abuse
Adversity
Childhood deprivation
Childhood neglect
Childhood trauma
Cognitive performance
Familial risk
Maltreatment
Neurocognition
Neuropsychology
Journal
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
ISSN: 1878-4216
Titre abrégé: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8211617
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
20 12 2022
20 12 2022
Historique:
received:
16
02
2022
revised:
14
08
2022
accepted:
16
08
2022
pubmed:
23
8
2022
medline:
9
9
2022
entrez:
22
8
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Environmental factors such as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may affect neurocognition, an endophenotype for several mental illnesses. This study examines the effect of ACEs on neurocognitive performance in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with severe mental illness to determine whether familial risk has a moderating effect on the relationship between ACEs and neurocognition. Unaffected FDRs from multiplex families with severe mental illnesses (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or alcohol use disorder) (n = 324) and healthy controls (with no familial risk) (n = 188) underwent neurocognitive tests for processing speed, new learning, working memory and Theory of Mind. ACEs were measured using the WHO ACE-International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Regression models were done to predict each neurocognitive domain by the effect of familial risk, ACE-IQ Score and their interaction (familial risk*ACE-IQ score). The main effect of familial risk predicted poor performance in all domains of neurocognition (p < 0.01), and the interaction had a negative association with global neurocognition (β = -0.093, p = 0.009), processing speed (β = -0.109, p = 0.003) and working memory (β = -0.092, p = 0.01). Among the ACEs sub-domains, only maltreatment (specifically the main effect of physical neglect and the interaction effect of sexual abuse with familial risk) predicted poorer neurocognition. In FDRs of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, only the main effects of familial risk were significantly associated with poorer neurocognition. We conclude that there is a relationship between ACEs (especially maltreatment) and neurocognitive functioning, which is moderated by the familial risk of mental illnesses. Genetic/familial vulnerability may have a stronger association with neurocognition in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35995305
pii: S0278-5846(22)00112-9
doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110620
pmc: PMC7615105
mid: EMS185464
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
110620Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : DBT-Wellcome Trust India Alliance
ID : IA/CPHI/20/1/505266
Pays : India
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests to declare with respect to the current study.
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