Impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors on the management of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in real-life practice in patients initiating treatment between 2015 and 2018 in France and Germany.

To describe the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) in France and Germany. Patients with aNSCLC without known ALK or EGFR mutations receiving first-line (1L) therapy were included from (i) the retrospective Epidemiological-Strategy and Medical Economics Advanced and Metastatic Lung Cancer cohort (ESME-AMLC, France; 2015-2018) and (ii) the prospective Clinical Research platform Into molecular testing, treatment and outcome of non-Small cell lung carcinoma Patients platform (CRISP, Germany; 2016-2018). Analyses were stratified according to histology. Survival outcomes were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methodology and stratified by year of 1L therapy. Data sources were analysed separately. In ESME-AMLC and CRISP, 8,046 and 2,359 patients were included in the study, respectively. In both countries, approximately 20 % of all patients received pembrolizumab monotherapy as 1L treatment in 2018. In ESME-AMLC, the proportion receiving an ICI over the course of treatment (any line) increased from 42.2 % (2015) to 56.1 % (2018) in patients with squamous histology, and 28.9 % to 51.9 % with non-squamous/other; in CRISP, it increased from 50.6 % (2016) to 65.2 % (2018) with squamous histology, and 40.8 % to 62.7 % with non-squamous/other. Two-year overall survival from 1L initiation was 36.8 % and 25.6 % in the squamous cohorts and 36.5 % and 30.8 % in the non-squamous/other cohorts in ESME-AMLC and CRISP, respectively. No significant change in overall survival was observed over time; however, the follow-up time available was limited in the later years of the analysis. The results of this joint research from two large clinical databases in France and Germany demonstrate the growing use of ICIs in the management of aNSCLC. Future analyses will allow for the evaluation of the impact of ICIs on long-term survival of patients with aNSCLC.

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Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Frank Griesinger reports no competing interests. Maurice Pérol reports fees for advisory Boards, consulting, and as an Invited Speaker from AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gritstone, Illumina, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi. Nicolas Girard reports research/grant support from AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen, Merck, Merck Sharp & Dohme, MS, Novartis, Pfizer, Sivan, and Trizell, and consultative services for AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen, Merck, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, and Sivan. Isabelle Durand-Zaleski received fees from Bristol Myers Squibb outside the work submitted. Stefan Zacharias reports no competing interests. Lise Bosquet reports no competing interests. Martina Jänicke reports no competing interests. Xavier Quantin received honoraria from Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Amgen and Sanofi for local boards or oral presentations during scientific meetings. Annika Groth reports grants from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Takeda to her employer AIO-Studien-gGmbH. Annette Fleitz reports no competing interests. Alan Calleja is an employee of IQVIA. Sonya Patel is an employee of IQVIA. Laure Lacoin was contracted (paid) as a consultant by Bristol Myers Squibb to support the I-O Optimise initiative and is an employee of Epi-Fit. Melinda J Daumont is an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb and owns stock in the company. John R. Penrod is an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb and owns stock in the company. Robert Carroll is an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb and owns stock in the company. Daniela Waldenberger is an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb. Dorothée Reynaud is an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb. Michael Thomas reports honoraria for scientific meetings from Abbvie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chugai, Daichi Sankyo, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Lilly, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi and Takeda, travel support from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chugai, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Takeda, honoraria for advisory boards from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chugai, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Takeda, and institutional research grants from AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche and Takeda. Christos Chouaid reports grants, personal fees and non-financial support from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Aventis, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi and Takeda outside the submitted work.