Antibiotics and Carbohydrate-Containing Drugs Targeting Bacterial Cell Envelopes: An Overview.
antibiotic resistance
bacterial membrane
carbohydrate-based drugs
carbohydrate-based vaccines
cell wall polysaccharides
Journal
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 1424-8247
Titre abrégé: Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101238453
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
29 Jul 2022
29 Jul 2022
Historique:
received:
27
06
2022
revised:
20
07
2022
accepted:
20
07
2022
entrez:
26
8
2022
pubmed:
27
8
2022
medline:
27
8
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Certain bacteria constitute a threat to humans due to their ability to escape host defenses as they easily develop drug resistance. Bacteria are classified into gram-positive and gram-negative according to the composition of the cell membrane structure. Gram-negative bacteria have an additional outer membrane (OM) that is not present in their gram-positive counterpart; the latter instead hold a thicker peptidoglycan (PG) layer. This review covers the main structural and functional properties of cell wall polysaccharides (CWPs) and PG. Drugs targeting CWPs are discussed, both noncarbohydrate-related (β-lactams, fosfomycin, and lipopeptides) and carbohydrate-related (glycopeptides and lipoglycopeptides). Bacterial resistance to these drugs continues to evolve, which calls for novel antibacterial approaches to be developed. The use of carbohydrate-based vaccines as a valid strategy to prevent bacterial infections is also addressed.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36015090
pii: ph15080942
doi: 10.3390/ph15080942
pmc: PMC9414505
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Regione Autonoma della Sardegna
ID : RASSR01499
Organisme : University of Sassari
ID : FARPIRAS2020
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