COVID-19 Vaccines' Protection Over Time and the Need for Booster Doses; a Systematic Review.
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
Immunity
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccine-preventable diseases
Vaccines
Journal
Archives of academic emergency medicine
ISSN: 2645-4904
Titre abrégé: Arch Acad Emerg Med
Pays: Iran
ID NLM: 101740147
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
entrez:
29
8
2022
pubmed:
30
8
2022
medline:
30
8
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Controversies existed regarding the duration of COVID-19 vaccines' protection and whether receiving the usual vaccine doses would be sufficient for long-term immunity. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the studies regarding the COVID-19 vaccines' protection three months after getting fully vaccinated and assess the need for vaccine booster doses. The relevant literature was searched using a combination of keywords on the online databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane on September 17th, 2021. The records were downloaded and the duplicates were removed. Then, the records were evaluated in a two-step process, consisting of title/abstract and full-text screening processes, and the eligible records were selected for the qualitative synthesis. We only included original studies that evaluated the efficacy and immunity of COVID-19 vaccines three months after full vaccination. This review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement to ensure the reliability of results. Out of the 797 retrieved records, 12 studies were included, 10 on mRNA-based vaccines and two on inactivated vaccines. The majority of included studies observed acceptable antibody titers in most of the participants even after 6 months; however,it appeared that the titers could also decrease in a considerable portion of people. Due to the reduction in antibody titers and vaccine protection, several studies suggested administering the booster dose, especially for older patients and those with underlying conditions, such as patients with immunodeficiencies. Studies indicated that vaccine immunity decreases over time, making people more susceptible to contracting the disease. Besides, new variants are emerging, and the omicron variant is continuing to spread and escape from the immune system, indicating the importance of a booster dose.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36033989
doi: 10.22037/aaem.v10i1.1582
pmc: PMC9397599
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
e53Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript.
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