Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States.

Incarceration Jail menu Nutrition

Journal

BMC nutrition
ISSN: 2055-0928
Titre abrégé: BMC Nutr
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101672434

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
03 Sep 2022
Historique:
received: 30 06 2021
accepted: 21 08 2022
entrez: 3 9 2022
pubmed: 4 9 2022
medline: 4 9 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Poor diet may contribute to deleterious chronic health among individuals incarcerated. Yet, limited research has evaluated the nutritional content of menus and commissary items provided in jails. Thus, this study assessed the macronutrient distribution, caloric composition, and diet quality of the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items provided in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States. Daily and mean availability of calories and macronutrients for the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items were estimated using NutritionCalc Plus®. Diet quality (i.e., Healthy Eating Index-2015 [HEI-2015]) was assessed. Macronutrients and calories were compared to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) and the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Protein and carbohydrate were compared to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). HEI-2015 was compared to the average U.S. diet. Daily caloric provisions exceeded DGA recommendations. Daily available (16.2%-25.2% kcal/day) and mean protein met the AMDR recommendations, yet exceeded the DRI. Mean protein with commissary packs exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available carbohydrate met AMDR recommendations for all but two days of the seven-day cycle menu, which exceeded recommendations (52.5%-66.4% kcal/day). Mean carbohydrate met the AMDR recommendations and exceeded the DRI, and with the commissary packs, exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available total fat for the seven-day cycle menu (79.5-146.7 g), mean total fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available saturated fat for the seven-day cycle menu (16.7-47.7 g) exceeded AMDR recommendations for all but one day of the seven-day cycle menu, while mean saturated fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available added sugars for the seven-day cycle menu (8.4-14.2 g), mean added sugars alone and with the commissary packs all met AMDR recommendations. HEI-2015 scores for the seven-day cycle menu ranged from 49.3-74.5 (mean = 62.2, SD = 9.4), and increased with the commissary packs. Exceeding caloric and saturated fat recommendations may contribute to weight gain, regardless of high diet quality. Increasing nutrient-dense foods available in jail may reduce chronic disease among incarcerated populations.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Poor diet may contribute to deleterious chronic health among individuals incarcerated. Yet, limited research has evaluated the nutritional content of menus and commissary items provided in jails. Thus, this study assessed the macronutrient distribution, caloric composition, and diet quality of the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items provided in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States.
METHODS METHODS
Daily and mean availability of calories and macronutrients for the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items were estimated using NutritionCalc Plus®. Diet quality (i.e., Healthy Eating Index-2015 [HEI-2015]) was assessed. Macronutrients and calories were compared to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) and the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Protein and carbohydrate were compared to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). HEI-2015 was compared to the average U.S. diet.
RESULTS RESULTS
Daily caloric provisions exceeded DGA recommendations. Daily available (16.2%-25.2% kcal/day) and mean protein met the AMDR recommendations, yet exceeded the DRI. Mean protein with commissary packs exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available carbohydrate met AMDR recommendations for all but two days of the seven-day cycle menu, which exceeded recommendations (52.5%-66.4% kcal/day). Mean carbohydrate met the AMDR recommendations and exceeded the DRI, and with the commissary packs, exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available total fat for the seven-day cycle menu (79.5-146.7 g), mean total fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available saturated fat for the seven-day cycle menu (16.7-47.7 g) exceeded AMDR recommendations for all but one day of the seven-day cycle menu, while mean saturated fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available added sugars for the seven-day cycle menu (8.4-14.2 g), mean added sugars alone and with the commissary packs all met AMDR recommendations. HEI-2015 scores for the seven-day cycle menu ranged from 49.3-74.5 (mean = 62.2, SD = 9.4), and increased with the commissary packs.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Exceeding caloric and saturated fat recommendations may contribute to weight gain, regardless of high diet quality. Increasing nutrient-dense foods available in jail may reduce chronic disease among incarcerated populations.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w PMID: 36057678 PMC: PMC9441029
pubmed: 36057678
doi: 10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w
pii: 10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w
pmc: PMC9441029
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

96

Subventions

Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : K01 MD015749
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : U54 MD012388
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMHD NIH HHS
ID : U54MD012388
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

Références

Am J Public Health. 2009 Apr;99(4):666-72
pubmed: 19150898
J Correct Health Care. 2015 Oct;21(4):390-9
pubmed: 26276135
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016 Feb;116(2):302-310.e1
pubmed: 26612769
J Correct Health Care. 2022 Feb;28(1):6-11
pubmed: 34846925
J Am Diet Assoc. 2002 Nov;102(11):1621-30
pubmed: 12449285
J Correct Health Care. 2012 Jul;18(3):210-8
pubmed: 22553283
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2016 Sep;125:90-9
pubmed: 27350414
Psychiatr Serv. 2008 Feb;59(2):170-7
pubmed: 18245159
Natl Health Stat Report. 2018 Dec;(122):1-16
pubmed: 30707668
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009 Nov;63(11):912-9
pubmed: 19648129
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2016 Mar-Apr;58(5):464-72
pubmed: 26586275
J Am Diet Assoc. 2000 May;100(5):508-9
pubmed: 10812371
Ann Nutr Metab. 2019;74(3):242-250
pubmed: 30904906
Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Mar 15;77(6):937-46
pubmed: 19022225
Vital Health Stat 11. 2012 Oct;(252):1-48
pubmed: 25204692
J Correct Health Care. 2018 Jul;24(3):264-275
pubmed: 29963939
J Phys Act Health. 2019 May 1;16(5):306-307
pubmed: 30966856
Epidemiology. 2019 Jul;30(4):561-568
pubmed: 30985527
Am J Public Health. 2015 Jun;105(6):e4-5
pubmed: 25879145

Auteurs

Nanette V Lopez (NV)

Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 South Beaver Street Box 15095, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA. nanette.lopez@nau.edu.
Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA. nanette.lopez@nau.edu.
ORCID: 0000-0001-9063-6368

Ary Spilkin (A)

Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 South Beaver Street Box 15095, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.

Julianne Brauer (J)

Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 South Beaver Street Box 15095, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.

Rachelle Phillips (R)

Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 South Beaver Street Box 15095, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.

Bonnie Kuss (B)

Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 South Beaver Street Box 15095, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.

Gabrielle Delio (G)

Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 South Beaver Street Box 15095, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.

Ricky Camplain (R)

Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 1100 South Beaver Street Box 15095, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.
Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.

Classifications MeSH