Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphism as risk factors for COVID-19.
Journal
Pediatric research
ISSN: 1530-0447
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0100714
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2023
04 2023
Historique:
received:
11
06
2022
accepted:
05
08
2022
revised:
22
07
2022
medline:
28
4
2023
pubmed:
11
9
2022
entrez:
10
9
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Given the sparse data on vitamin D status in pediatric COVID-19, we investigated whether vitamin D deficiency could be a risk factor for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. We also investigated whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) FokI polymorphism could be a genetic marker for COVID-19 susceptibility. One hundred and eighty patients diagnosed to have COVID-19 and 200 matched control children and adolescents were recruited. Patients were laboratory confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 positive by real-time RT-PCR. All participants were genotyped for VDR Fok1 polymorphism by RT-PCR. Vitamin D status was defined as sufficient for serum 25(OH) D at least 30 ng/mL, insufficient at 21-29 ng/mL, deficient at <20 ng/mL. Ninety-four patients (52%) had low vitamin D levels with 74 (41%) being deficient and 20 (11%) had vitamin D insufficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with 2.6-fold increased risk for COVID-19 (OR = 2.6; [95% CI 1.96-4.9]; P = 0.002. The FokI FF genotype was significantly more represented in patients compared to control group (OR = 4.05; [95% CI: 1.95-8.55]; P < 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency and VDR Fok I polymorphism may constitute independent risk factors for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. Vitamin D deficiency could be a modifiable risk factor for COVID-19 in children and adolescents because of its immune-modulatory action. To our knowledge, ours is the first such study to investigate the VDR Fok I polymorphism in Caucasian children and adolescents with COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency and the VDR Fok I polymorphism may constitute independent risk factors for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. Clinical trials should be urgently conducted to test for causality and to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 taking into account the VDR polymorphisms.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Given the sparse data on vitamin D status in pediatric COVID-19, we investigated whether vitamin D deficiency could be a risk factor for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. We also investigated whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) FokI polymorphism could be a genetic marker for COVID-19 susceptibility.
METHODS
One hundred and eighty patients diagnosed to have COVID-19 and 200 matched control children and adolescents were recruited. Patients were laboratory confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 positive by real-time RT-PCR. All participants were genotyped for VDR Fok1 polymorphism by RT-PCR. Vitamin D status was defined as sufficient for serum 25(OH) D at least 30 ng/mL, insufficient at 21-29 ng/mL, deficient at <20 ng/mL.
RESULTS
Ninety-four patients (52%) had low vitamin D levels with 74 (41%) being deficient and 20 (11%) had vitamin D insufficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with 2.6-fold increased risk for COVID-19 (OR = 2.6; [95% CI 1.96-4.9]; P = 0.002. The FokI FF genotype was significantly more represented in patients compared to control group (OR = 4.05; [95% CI: 1.95-8.55]; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin D deficiency and VDR Fok I polymorphism may constitute independent risk factors for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents.
IMPACT
Vitamin D deficiency could be a modifiable risk factor for COVID-19 in children and adolescents because of its immune-modulatory action. To our knowledge, ours is the first such study to investigate the VDR Fok I polymorphism in Caucasian children and adolescents with COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency and the VDR Fok I polymorphism may constitute independent risk factors for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. Clinical trials should be urgently conducted to test for causality and to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 taking into account the VDR polymorphisms.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36085364
doi: 10.1038/s41390-022-02275-6
pii: 10.1038/s41390-022-02275-6
pmc: PMC9461391
doi:
Substances chimiques
Receptors, Calcitriol
0
Vitamin D
1406-16-2
VDR protein, human
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1383-1390Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
Références
Eur J Pediatr. 2015 May;174(5):621-9
pubmed: 25367052
Trop Med Health. 2020 Dec 20;48(1):102
pubmed: 33342439
J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2022 Feb 09;14(2):188-195
pubmed: 35135185
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020 Oct;32(10):2141-2158
pubmed: 32876941
Pediatrics. 2010 Jun;125(6):1237-47
pubmed: 20478936
Eur J Immunol. 2007 Feb;37(2):395-405
pubmed: 17274004
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020 Dec;55(12):3595-3601
pubmed: 33017102
PLoS One. 2013 Jun 21;8(6):e67663
pubmed: 23805323
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2017 Jun;18(2):153-165
pubmed: 28516265
Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506
pubmed: 31986264
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2010 Jun;39(2):255-69, table of contents
pubmed: 20511050
PLoS One. 2016 Feb 19;11(2):e0149576
pubmed: 26894582
Cell. 2020 Apr 16;181(2):271-280.e8
pubmed: 32142651
Nutrients. 2020 Jun 01;12(6):
pubmed: 32492787
Mol Biol Rep. 2012 Oct;39(10):9405-14
pubmed: 22814767
J Endocrinol Invest. 2021 Apr;44(4):765-771
pubmed: 32772324
JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069
pubmed: 32031570
Nutrients. 2015 May 29;7(6):4240-70
pubmed: 26035247
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Apr;21(4):582-93
pubmed: 22278364
Nat Med. 2020 Aug;26(8):1200-1204
pubmed: 32555424
N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 30;382(18):1708-1720
pubmed: 32109013
Virology. 2021 Jan 15;553:154-156
pubmed: 33278737
Thorax. 2015 Jul;70(7):617-24
pubmed: 25903964
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021 Dec;56(12):3924-3933
pubmed: 34536070
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2022 Jun;96(6):819-830
pubmed: 34919268
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009 Oct;44(10):981-8
pubmed: 19746437
Epidemiol Infect. 2021 Aug 10;149:e180
pubmed: 34375576
World J Pediatr. 2020 Jun;16(3):240-246
pubmed: 32026148
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020 Aug;55(8):1892-1899
pubmed: 32492251
FEBS J. 2020 Sep;287(17):3693-3702
pubmed: 32700398
Diabetes. 2000 Aug;49(8):1301-7
pubmed: 10923629
Br J Nutr. 2022 Mar 28;127(6):896-903
pubmed: 33977890
Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Jan;97(1):e9060
pubmed: 29505508
Pediatr Res. 2018 Nov;84(5):639-644
pubmed: 30135595
Front Public Health. 2021 Dec 22;9:736665
pubmed: 35004568
J Med Virol. 2011 Oct;83(10):1834-40
pubmed: 21837802
BMJ. 2017 Feb 15;356:i6583
pubmed: 28202713
Infect Genet Evol. 2021 Dec;96:105098
pubmed: 34610433
Mol Endocrinol. 2013 Dec;27(12):2116-25
pubmed: 24196349
J Biol Chem. 2007 Oct 12;282(41):29821-30
pubmed: 17690094
Mol Endocrinol. 2000 Mar;14(3):401-20
pubmed: 10707958