Layered subsurface in Utopia Basin of Mars revealed by Zhurong rover radar.
Journal
Nature
ISSN: 1476-4687
Titre abrégé: Nature
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0410462
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2022
10 2022
Historique:
received:
29
11
2021
accepted:
26
07
2022
pubmed:
27
9
2022
medline:
15
10
2022
entrez:
26
9
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Exploring the subsurface structure and stratification of Mars advances our understanding of Martian geology, hydrological evolution and palaeoclimatic changes, and has been a main task for past and continuing Mars exploration missions
Identifiants
pubmed: 36163288
doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05147-5
pii: 10.1038/s41586-022-05147-5
pmc: PMC9556330
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
308-312Commentaires et corrections
Type : ErratumIn
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
Références
Baker, V. R. Water and the Martian landscape. Nature 412, 228–236 (2001).
doi: 10.1038/35084172
Boynton, W. et al. Distribution of hydrogen in the near surface of Mars: evidence for subsurface ice deposits. Science 297, 81–85 (2002).
doi: 10.1126/science.1073722
Head, J. W., Mustard, J. F., Kreslavsky, M. A., Milliken, R. E. & Marchant, D. R. Recent ice ages on Mars. Nature 426, 797–802 (2003).
doi: 10.1038/nature02114
Byrne, S. et al. Distribution of mid-latitude ground ice on Mars from new impact craters. Science 325, 1674–1676 (2009).
doi: 10.1126/science.1175307
Audouard, J. et al. Water in the Martian regolith from OMEGA/Mars Express. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 119, 1969–1989 (2014).
doi: 10.1002/2014JE004649
Holt, J. W. et al. Radar sounding evidence for buried glaciers in the southern mid-latitudes of Mars. Science 322, 1235–1238 (2008).
doi: 10.1126/science.1164246
Orosei, R. et al. Radar evidence of subglacial liquid water on Mars. Science 361, 490–493 (2018).
doi: 10.1126/science.aar7268
Picardi, G. et al. Radar soundings of the subsurface of Mars. Science 310, 1925–1928 (2005).
doi: 10.1126/science.1122165
Hamran, S.-E. et al. Radar imager for Mars’ subsurface experiment—RIMFAX. Space Sci. Rev. 216, 128 (2020).
doi: 10.1007/s11214-020-00740-4
Zhou, B. et al. The Mars rover subsurface penetrating radar onboard China’s Mars 2020 mission. Earth and Planetary Physics 4, 345–354 (2020).
doi: 10.26464/epp2020054
Sholes, S. F., Dickeson, Z. I., Montgomery, D. R. & Catling, D. C. Where are Mars’ hypothesized ocean shorelines? Large lateral and topographic offsets between different versions of paleoshoreline maps. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 126, e2020JE006486 (2021).
doi: 10.1029/2020JE006486
Kreslavsky, M. A. & Head, J. W. Fate of outflow channel effluents in the northern lowlands of Mars: the Vastitas Borealis Formation as a sublimation residue from frozen ponded bodies of water. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 107, 4.1–4.25 (2002).
doi: 10.1029/2001JE001831
Tanaka, K. L., Skinner, J. A., Hare, T. M., Joyal, T. & Wenker, A. Resurfacing history of the northern plains of Mars based on geologic mapping of Mars Global Surveyor data. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 108, 8043 (2003).
Fa, W., Zhu, M., Liu, T. & Plescia, J. B. Regolith stratigraphy at the Chang’E‐3 landing site as seen by lunar penetrating radar. Geophys. Res. Lett. 42, 10–179 (2015).
doi: 10.1002/2015GL066537
Xiao, L. et al. A young multilayered terrane of the northern Mare Imbrium revealed by Chang’E-3 mission. Science 347, 1226–1229 (2015).
doi: 10.1126/science.1259866
Zhang, J. et al. Volcanic history of the Imbrium basin: a close-up view from the lunar rover Yutu. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, 5342–5347 (2015).
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1503082112
Zhang, J. et al. Lunar regolith and substructure at Chang’E-4 landing site in South Pole–Aitken basin. Nat. Astron. 5, 25–30 (2021).
doi: 10.1038/s41550-020-1197-x
Tanaka, K. L. et al. Geologic Map of Mars: US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3292 Pamphlet 43 (US Geological Survey, 2014).
Tanaka, K. L. & Scott, D. H. Geologic Map of the Polar Regions of Mars (US Geological Survey, 1987).
Hiesinger, H. & Head III, J. W. Characteristics and origin of polygonal terrain in southern Utopia Planitia, Mars: results from Mars Orbiter laser altimeter and Mars Orbiter camera data. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 105, 11999–12022 (2000).
doi: 10.1029/1999JE001193
Ivanov, M. A., Hiesinger, H., Erkeling, G. & Reiss, D. Mud volcanism and morphology of impact craters in Utopia Planitia on Mars: evidence for the ancient ocean. Icarus 228, 121–140 (2014).
doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.09.018
Mills, M. M., McEwen, A. S. & Okubo, C. H. A preliminary regional geomorphologic map in Utopia Planitia of the Tianwen‐1 Zhurong landing region. Geophys. Res. Lett. 48, e2021GL094629 (2021).
doi: 10.1029/2021GL094629
Wu, X. et al. Geological characteristics of China’s Tianwen-1 landing site at Utopia Planitia, Mars. Icarus 370, 114657 (2021).
doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114657
Ye, B. et al. Geomorphologic exploration targets at the Zhurong landing site in the southern Utopia Planitia of Mars. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 576, 117199 (2021).
doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117199
Zhao, J. et al. Geological characteristics and targets of high scientific interest in the Zhurong landing region on Mars. Geophys. Res. Lett. 48, e2021GL094903 (2021).
Platz, T. & Michael, G. Eruption history of the Elysium volcanic province, Mars. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 312, 140–151 (2011).
doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2011.10.001
Susko, D. et al. A record of igneous evolution in Elysium, a major Martian volcanic province. Sci. Rep. 7, 43177 (2017).
doi: 10.1038/srep43177
Russell, P. S. & Head, J. W. Elysium‐Utopia flows as mega‐lahars: a model of dike intrusion, cryosphere cracking, and water‐sediment release. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 108, 5064 (2003).
Hobiger, M. et al. The shallow structure of Mars at the InSight landing site from inversion of ambient vibrations. Nat. Commun. 12, 6756 (2021).
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26957-7
Mouginot, J., Pommerol, A., Beck, P., Kofman, W. & Clifford, S. M. Dielectric map of the Martian northern hemisphere and the nature of plain filling materials. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39, L02202 (2012).
Garvin, J., Sakimoto, S. & Frawley, J. Craters on Mars: global geometric properties from gridded MOLA topography. Sixth Int. Conf. on Mars abstr. 3277 (2003); http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/sixthmars2003/pdf/3277.pdf
Clifford, S. M. A model for the hydrologic and climatic behavior of water on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 98, 10973–11016 (1993).
doi: 10.1029/93JE00225
McQueen, K. G. & Scott, K. M. Rock weathering and structure of the regolith. Regolith Sci. 1, 105–126 (2008).
Golombek, M. et al. Geology of the InSight landing site on Mars. Nat. Commun. 11, 1014 (2020).
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14679-1
Niu, S., Zhang, F., Di, K., Gou, S. & Yue, Z. Layered ejecta craters in the candidate landing areas of China’s first Mars mission (Tianwen-1): implications for subsurface volatile concentrations. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 127, e2021JE007089 (2022).
doi: 10.1029/2021JE007089
Forget, F., Haberle, R., Montmessin, F., Levrard, B. & Head, J. Formation of glaciers on Mars by atmospheric precipitation at high obliquity. Science 311, 368–371 (2006).
doi: 10.1126/science.1120335
Levy, J. S. et al. Surface boulder banding indicates Martian debris-covered glaciers formed over multiple glaciations. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 118, e2015971118 (2021).
Chevrier, V. F., Rivera-Valentín, E. G., Soto, A. & Altheide, T. S. Global temporal and geographic stability of brines on present-day Mars. Planetary Sci. J. 1, 64 (2020).
doi: 10.3847/PSJ/abbc14
Mellon, M. T. et al. Ground ice at the Phoenix landing site: stability state and origin. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 114, E00E07 (2009).
Vincendon, M. et al. Near-tropical subsurface ice on Mars. Geophys. Res. Lett. 37, L01202 (2010).
Morgan, G. A. et al. Availability of subsurface water-ice resources in the northern mid-latitudes of Mars. Nat. Astron. 5, 230–236 (2021).
doi: 10.1038/s41550-020-01290-z
Mellon, M. T. & Sizemore, H. G. The history of ground ice at Jezero Crater Mars and other past, present, and future landing sites. Icarus 371, 114667 (2022).
doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114667
Liu, Y. & Li, B. Streaming orthogonal prediction filter in the t-x domain for random noise attenuation. Geophysics 83, F41–F48 (2018).
doi: 10.1190/geo2017-0322.1
Li, C. & Zhang, J. Velocity analysis using separated diffractions for lunar penetrating radar obtained by Yutu-2 rover. Remote Sens. 13, 1387 (2021).
doi: 10.3390/rs13071387
Fomel, S., Landa, E. & Taner, M. T. Poststack velocity analysis by separation and imaging of seismic diffractions. Geophysics 72, U89–U94 (2007).
doi: 10.1190/1.2781533
Decker, L., Merzlikin, D. & Fomel, S. Diffraction imaging and time-migration velocity analysis using oriented velocity continuation. Geophysics 82, U25–U35 (2017).
doi: 10.1190/geo2016-0141.1
Giannakis, I., Zhou, F., Warren, C. & Giannopoulos, A. Inferring the shallow layered structure at the Chang’E‐4 landing site: a novel interpretation approach using lunar penetrating radar. Geophys. Res. Lett. 48, e2021GL092866 (2021).
doi: 10.1029/2021GL092866
Chen, Z., Fomel, S. & Lu, W. Accelerated plane-wave destruction. Geophysics 78, V1–V9 (2013).
doi: 10.1190/geo2012-0142.1
Fomel, S. Applications of plane-wave destruction filters. Geophysics 67, 1946–1960 (2002).
doi: 10.1190/1.1527095
Lv, W., Li, C., Song, H., Zhang, J. & Lin, Y. Comparative analysis of reflection characteristics of lunar penetrating radar data using numerical simulations. Icarus 350, 113896 (2020).
doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113896
Zhang, X. et al. Self-organization characteristics of lunar regolith inferred by Yutu-2 lunar penetrating radar. Remote Sens. 13, 3017 (2021).
doi: 10.3390/rs13153017
Lai, J. et al. First look by the Yutu-2 rover at the deep subsurface structure at the lunar farside. Nat. Commun. 11, 3426 (2020).
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17262-w
Mühll, D. V. & Haeberli, W. Thermal characteristics of the permafrost within an active rock glacier (Murtèl/Corvatsch, Grisons, Swiss Alps). J. Glaciol. 36, 151–158 (1990).
doi: 10.1017/S0022143000009382
Sun, Q. et al. Thermal properties of sandstone after treatment at high temperature. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 85, 60–66 (2016).
doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2016.03.006
Egea-Gonzalez, I. et al. Regional heat flow and subsurface temperature patterns at Elysium Planitia and Oxia Planum areas, Mars. Icarus 353, 113379 (2021).
doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2019.07.013
Parro, L. M., Jiménez-Díaz, A., Mansilla, F. & Ruiz, J. Present-day heat flow model of Mars. Sci. Rep. 7, 45629 (2017).
doi: 10.1038/srep45629
Forget, F. et al. Improved general circulation models of the Martian atmosphere from the surface to above 80 km. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 104, 24155–24175 (1999).
doi: 10.1029/1999JE001025
Grott, M. et al. Thermal conductivity of the Martian soil at the InSight landing site from HP
Bandfield, J. L. & Feldman, W. C. Martian high latitude permafrost depth and surface cover thermal inertia distributions. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 113, E08001 (2008).
Möhlmann, D. & Thomsen, K. Properties of cryobrines on Mars. Icarus 212, 123–130 (2011).
doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.025
Martín-Torres, F. J. et al. Transient liquid water and water activity at Gale crater on Mars. Nat. Geosci. 8, 357–361 (2015).
doi: 10.1038/ngeo2412