Whitewater Helmet STAR: Evaluation of the Biomechanical Performance and Risk of Head Injury for Whitewater Helmets.
Brain
Concussion
Kayaking
Rafting
Journal
Annals of biomedical engineering
ISSN: 1573-9686
Titre abrégé: Ann Biomed Eng
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0361512
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2022
Nov 2022
Historique:
received:
16
06
2022
accepted:
20
09
2022
pubmed:
8
10
2022
medline:
16
11
2022
entrez:
7
10
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
More than six million people participate in whitewater kayaking and rafting in the United States each year. Unfortunately, with these six million whitewater participants come 50 deaths annually, making it one of the highest fatality rates of all sports. As the popularity in whitewater activities grows, the number of injuries, including concussions, also increases. The objective of this study was to create a new rating system for whitewater helmets by evaluating the biomechanical performance and risk of head injury of whitewater helmets using the Summation of Tests for the Analysis of Risk (STAR) system. All watersport helmets that passed the EN: 1385: 2012 standard and that were clearly marketed for whitewater use were selected for this study. Two samples of each helmet model were tested on a custom pendulum impactor under conditions known to be associated with the highest risk of head injury and death. A 50th percentile male NOCSAE headform instrumented with three linear accelerometers and a triaxial angular rate sensor coupled with a Hybrid III 50th percentile neck were used for data collection. A total of 126 tests were performed using six different configurations. These included impacts to the front, side, and rear using two speeds of 3.1 and 4.9 m/s that modeled whitewater river flow rates. Each helmet's STAR score was calculated using the combination of exposure and injury risk that was determined from the linear and rotational head accelerations. The resulting head impact accelerations predicted a very high risk of concussion for all impact locations at the 4.9 m/s speed. The STAR score varied between helmets indicating that some helmets provide better protection than others. Overall, these results show a clear need for improvement in whitewater helmets, and the methodologies developed in this research project should provide manufacturers a design tool for improving these products.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36207617
doi: 10.1007/s10439-022-03090-0
pii: 10.1007/s10439-022-03090-0
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1520-1533Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Biomedical Engineering Society.
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