Heterogeneity in Disparities in Life Expectancy Across US Metropolitan Areas.
Journal
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
ISSN: 1531-5487
Titre abrégé: Epidemiology
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9009644
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 11 2022
01 11 2022
Historique:
entrez:
11
10
2022
pubmed:
12
10
2022
medline:
14
10
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Life expectancy in the United States has declined since 2014 but characterization of disparities within and across metropolitan areas of the country is lacking. Using census tract-level life expectancy from the 2010 to 2015 US Small-area Life Expectancy Estimates Project, we calculate 10 measures of total and income-based disparities in life expectancy at birth, age 25, and age 65 within and across 377 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) of the United States. We found wide heterogeneity in disparities in life expectancy at birth across MSAs and regions: MSAs in the West show the narrowest disparities (absolute disparity: 8.7 years, relative disparity: 1.1), while MSAs in the South (absolute disparity: 9.1 years, relative disparity: 1.1) and Midwest (absolute disparity: 9.8 years, relative disparity: 1.1) have the widest life expectancy disparities. We also observed greater variability in life expectancy across MSAs for lower income census tracts (coefficient of variation [CoV] 3.7 for first vs. tenth decile of income) than for higher income census tracts (CoV 2.3). Finally, we found that a series of MSA-level variables, including larger MSAs and greater proportion college graduates, predicted wider life expectancy disparities for all age groups. Sociodemographic and policy factors likely help explain variation in life expectancy disparities within and across metro areas.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Life expectancy in the United States has declined since 2014 but characterization of disparities within and across metropolitan areas of the country is lacking.
METHODS
Using census tract-level life expectancy from the 2010 to 2015 US Small-area Life Expectancy Estimates Project, we calculate 10 measures of total and income-based disparities in life expectancy at birth, age 25, and age 65 within and across 377 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) of the United States.
RESULTS
We found wide heterogeneity in disparities in life expectancy at birth across MSAs and regions: MSAs in the West show the narrowest disparities (absolute disparity: 8.7 years, relative disparity: 1.1), while MSAs in the South (absolute disparity: 9.1 years, relative disparity: 1.1) and Midwest (absolute disparity: 9.8 years, relative disparity: 1.1) have the widest life expectancy disparities. We also observed greater variability in life expectancy across MSAs for lower income census tracts (coefficient of variation [CoV] 3.7 for first vs. tenth decile of income) than for higher income census tracts (CoV 2.3). Finally, we found that a series of MSA-level variables, including larger MSAs and greater proportion college graduates, predicted wider life expectancy disparities for all age groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Sociodemographic and policy factors likely help explain variation in life expectancy disparities within and across metro areas.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36220582
doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001537
pii: 00001648-202211000-00016
pmc: PMC9574908
mid: NIHMS1826616
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
890-899Subventions
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : DP5 OD026429
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : K01 AI168579
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors report no conflicts of interest.
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