3,4-Methylenedioxy methamphetamine, synthetic cathinones and psychedelics: From recreational to novel psychotherapeutic drugs.
LSD
MDMA
NPS
antidepressant (AD)
cathinone
psilocybin
psychedelics
tryptamine
Journal
Frontiers in psychiatry
ISSN: 1664-0640
Titre abrégé: Front Psychiatry
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101545006
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
09
07
2022
accepted:
05
09
2022
entrez:
20
10
2022
pubmed:
21
10
2022
medline:
21
10
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The utility of classical drugs used to treat psychiatric disorders (e.g., antidepressants, anxiolytics) is often limited by issues of lack of efficacy, delayed onset of action or side effects. Psychoactive substances have a long history of being used as tools to alter consciousness and as a gateway to approach the unknown and the divinities. These substances were initially obtained from plants and animals and more recently by chemical synthesis, and its consumption evolved toward a more recreational use, leading to drug abuse-related disorders, trafficking, and subsequent banning by the authorities. However, these substances, by modulation of certain neurochemical pathways, have been proven to have a beneficial effect on some psychiatric disorders. This evidence obtained under medically controlled conditions and often associated with psychotherapy, makes these substances an alternative to conventional medicines, to which in many cases the patient does not respond properly. Such disorders include post-traumatic stress disease and treatment-resistant depression, for which classical drugs such as MDMA, ketamine, psilocybin and LSD, among others, have already been clinically tested, reporting successful outcomes. The irruption of new psychoactive substances (NPS), especially during the last decade and despite their recreational and illicit uses, has enlarged the library of substances with potential utility on these disorders. In fact, many of them were synthetized with therapeutic purposes and were withdrawn for concrete reasons (e.g., adverse effects, improper pharmacological profile). In this review we focus on the basis, existing evidence and possible use of synthetic cathinones and psychedelics (specially tryptamines) for the treatment of mental illnesses and the properties that should be found in NPS to obtain new therapeutic compounds.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36262632
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.990405
pmc: PMC9574023
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
990405Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 López-Arnau, Camarasa, Carbó, Nadal-Gratacós, Puigseslloses, Espinosa-Velasco, Urquizu, Escubedo and Pubill.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Références
J Correct Health Care. 2013 Jul;19(3):211-7
pubmed: 23788587
J Psychopharmacol. 2016 Dec;30(12):1268-1278
pubmed: 27578767
Biol Psychiatry. 2015 Oct 15;78(8):572-81
pubmed: 24882567
Biology (Basel). 2021 Aug 17;10(8):
pubmed: 34440023
Trends Cogn Sci. 2011 Jul;15(7):301-9
pubmed: 21696997
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2019 Feb 22;10(1):1578637
pubmed: 30834069
Brain Res. 1983 Aug 8;272(2):269-75
pubmed: 6616203
Curr Drug Metab. 2010 Oct;11(8):659-66
pubmed: 20942780
Cell Rep. 2018 Jun 12;23(11):3170-3182
pubmed: 29898390
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1986 Sep;18(1):97-105
pubmed: 2877839
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019 Sep;236(9):2653-2666
pubmed: 30982127
J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011 Dec;31(6):717-26
pubmed: 22005052
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2014 Jul;202(7):513-20
pubmed: 24594678
Neural Plast. 2016;2016:8056370
pubmed: 26881133
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019 Sep;236(9):2735-2745
pubmed: 31065731
Med Pharmacol Exp Int J Exp Med. 1967;17(4):359-64
pubmed: 5631047
Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Apr;68(2):264-355
pubmed: 26841800
Psychol Med. 2017 Jul;47(10):1744-1760
pubmed: 28222820
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2021 Sep;183:107467
pubmed: 34048913
Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2012 Oct;2(5):179-88
pubmed: 23983973
Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2016 Apr;6(2):99-144
pubmed: 27141292
Neuron. 2009 May 28;62(4):479-93
pubmed: 19477151
J Neurosci. 2000 Dec 15;20(24):9104-10
pubmed: 11124987
Depress Anxiety. 2020 Feb;37(2):134-145
pubmed: 31638723
Mol Psychiatry. 2021 Jul;26(7):3292-3301
pubmed: 32929215
Psychiatry Res. 2020 Feb;284:112749
pubmed: 31931272
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Mar 11;11(3):
pubmed: 35326190
Prog Neurobiol. 2005 Jun;76(2):126-52
pubmed: 16115721
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2014 Jan-Mar;46(1):37-43
pubmed: 24830184
Am J Psychiatry. 1952 Jun;108(12):896-900
pubmed: 14923903
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2021 Jan-Mar;53(1):85-95
pubmed: 32931403
Am J Addict. 2013 Mar-Apr;22(2):180
pubmed: 23414507
J Psychiatr Res. 2020 Jul;126:134-140
pubmed: 31439359
Mol Neurobiol. 2019 Aug;56(8):5436-5455
pubmed: 30612333
BMC Psychiatry. 2022 Jun 7;22(1):381
pubmed: 35672748
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2013 Jan;103(3):501-9
pubmed: 23099177
J Psychopharmacol. 2020 Jun;34(6):591-599
pubmed: 31909673
Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 Aug 21;185(1):1-10
pubmed: 2171955
Synapse. 2012 Jul;66(7):630-9
pubmed: 22337473
Neuropharmacology. 2021 Mar 15;186:108475
pubmed: 33529677
Br J Pharmacol. 2014 Feb;171(4):1007-18
pubmed: 24251585
Elife. 2021 Mar 02;10:
pubmed: 33648632
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013 Jul;228(1):157-66
pubmed: 23455595
Neuropharmacology. 2001 Aug;41(2):263-71
pubmed: 11489463
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jul 13;12:711255
pubmed: 34326773
Behav Brain Res. 2017 Jun 30;329:157-165
pubmed: 28472632
J Neurochem. 2022 Jul;162(1):109-127
pubmed: 34816433
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2010 Sep;11(9):642-51
pubmed: 20717121
J Addict Med. 2013 May-Jun;7(3):216-7
pubmed: 23519045
Neuron. 2019 Mar 6;101(5):774-778
pubmed: 30844397
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1976 Oct;163(4):233-45
pubmed: 972325
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2016 Apr-Jun;48(2):67-75
pubmed: 26940772
CNS Drugs. 2013 Oct;27(10):789-97
pubmed: 23934742
Front Psychiatry. 2018 May 08;9:185
pubmed: 29867608
J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2016 Feb;36(1):77-81
pubmed: 26650973
Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Jan;168(2):458-70
pubmed: 22897747
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 16;13:925879
pubmed: 35784746
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009 Jun;10(6):410-22
pubmed: 19455173
Neuropharmacology. 2019 Dec 15;161:107615
pubmed: 31028773
Mol Psychiatry. 2011 Nov;16(11):1068-70
pubmed: 21502951
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021 Sep 02;14(9):
pubmed: 34577594
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011 Jul;36(8):1754-68
pubmed: 21508931
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2018 Jul 24;20(8):63
pubmed: 30043270
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2015;120:235-55
pubmed: 26070760
Neuropharmacology. 2015 Dec;99:546-53
pubmed: 26318099
Pharmacol Ther. 2022 Apr 27;239:108195
pubmed: 35489438
Front Neurosci. 2019 Jul 16;13:733
pubmed: 31379486
Drug Test Anal. 2018 Jan;10(1):184-195
pubmed: 28342193
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015 Jan;51:589-97
pubmed: 25212409
Front Psychiatry. 2019 May 15;10:337
pubmed: 31156481
J Psychopharmacol. 2013 Jan;27(1):40-52
pubmed: 23118021
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2013 Jan-Mar;45(1):68-78
pubmed: 23662333
BMC Psychol. 2022 Feb 22;10(1):36
pubmed: 35193693
Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Dec 12;287(2):105-13
pubmed: 8749023
Neuropharmacology. 2018 May 15;134(Pt A):149-157
pubmed: 28988906
Pharmacopsychiatry. 1996 Jan;29(1):23-6
pubmed: 8852530
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2018 Oct 17;9(10):2331-2343
pubmed: 29461039
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2018 Feb;235(2):535-545
pubmed: 28918441
Neuropsychopharmacology. 1993 Feb;8(2):171-6
pubmed: 8471129
Hum Psychopharmacol. 2022 May;37(3):e2835
pubmed: 35175662
J Psychopharmacol. 2011 Nov;25(11):1434-52
pubmed: 20855349
Prog Brain Res. 2018;242:69-96
pubmed: 30471683
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2014 Mar;231(5):863-74
pubmed: 24158501
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2000 Jul-Sep;32(3):321-31
pubmed: 11061684
J Med Chem. 2009 Nov 12;52(21):6768-81
pubmed: 19821577
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Feb 1;147:1-19
pubmed: 25548026
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2019;45(2):161-169
pubmed: 30822141
Neurochem Int. 2022 Oct;159:105390
pubmed: 35810915
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2019 Apr-Jun;51(2):118-122
pubmed: 30925850
Cell. 2021 Mar 4;184(5):1299-1313.e19
pubmed: 33606976
Mol Psychiatry. 2020 Mar;25(3):530-543
pubmed: 31801966
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007 Mar;64(3):327-37
pubmed: 17339521
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2019 Feb 28;17(1):1-11
pubmed: 30690935
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2014 Jun;39(7):1654-63
pubmed: 24448644
Psychol Med. 2016 May;46(7):1379-90
pubmed: 26847689
Medicines (Basel). 2022 Mar 01;9(3):
pubmed: 35323718
J Psychopharmacol. 2011 Apr;25(4):439-52
pubmed: 20643699
Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2020 Dec 17;10:2045125320967197
pubmed: 33414905
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015 Oct;25(10):1637-49
pubmed: 26073279
Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Sep 17;381(1):63-9
pubmed: 10528135
Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Oct;170(4):859-70
pubmed: 23902597
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 13;117:110561
pubmed: 35461971
PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e42421
pubmed: 22905130
J Contemp Psychother. 2018;48(2):99-108
pubmed: 29720767
Front Psychiatry. 2019 Sep 12;10:650
pubmed: 31572236
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 May;173(3-4):242-8
pubmed: 14673568
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016 Aug;26(8):1327-37
pubmed: 27216487
Brain Sci. 2018 Mar 16;8(3):
pubmed: 29547576
J Psychopharmacol. 2019 Jul;33(7):831-841
pubmed: 31038382
Lancet. 2018 Apr 7;391(10128):1357-1366
pubmed: 29477251
J Med Chem. 2008 Jan 24;51(2):219-37
pubmed: 18027916
J Neurochem. 2022 Jul;162(1):128-146
pubmed: 35149998
Nat Med. 2016 Mar;22(3):238-49
pubmed: 26937618
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Apr;337(1):218-25
pubmed: 21228061
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2013 Feb 25;368(1615):20120536
pubmed: 23440470
Annu Rev Public Health. 2013;34:119-38
pubmed: 23514317
Sci Rep. 2019 Sep 17;9(1):13444
pubmed: 31530895
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2018 Feb;235(2):547-550
pubmed: 28795211
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2020 Nov 30;1159:122392
pubmed: 33126071
Science. 2019 Apr 12;364(6436):
pubmed: 30975859
J Neurochem. 1996 Dec;67(6):2521-31
pubmed: 8931486
J Neurosci. 2009 Jul 8;29(27):8688-97
pubmed: 19587275
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013 Mar;16(2):405-15
pubmed: 22404904
J Psychiatr Res. 2022 Jul;151:693-709
pubmed: 35688035
Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Sep;167(2):407-20
pubmed: 22509960
Nat Med. 2022 Apr;28(4):844-851
pubmed: 35411074
Psychol Med. 2019 Mar;49(4):655-663
pubmed: 29903051
Phytother Res. 2017 Jul;31(7):1019-1028
pubmed: 28557133
Science. 2010 Aug 20;329(5994):959-64
pubmed: 20724638
Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2018 Dec;30(6):307-322
pubmed: 29388517
Eur J Pharmacol. 2015 May 15;755:119-26
pubmed: 25771452
J Psychopharmacol. 2012 Jul;26(7):994-1002
pubmed: 22406913
Am J Psychiatry. 2022 Jul;179(7):490-499
pubmed: 35582785
J Med Toxicol. 2012 Mar;8(1):33-42
pubmed: 22108839
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2017 Jun 21;8(6):1397-1403
pubmed: 28220701
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2013 Sep;120(9):1295-303
pubmed: 23619992
ACS Med Chem Lett. 2014 Apr 15;5(6):623-7
pubmed: 24944732
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2009 May;34(3):223-9
pubmed: 19448853
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(2):CD003592
pubmed: 12804478
Neuroscience. 1999;92(3):1011-23
pubmed: 10426541
Lancet. 1969 Jan 18;1(7586):132-6
pubmed: 4178247
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2020 Aug 31;4(2):461-466
pubmed: 33860175
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2017 Oct;42(11):2114-2127
pubmed: 28447622
Front Psychol. 2019 Jun 04;10:1234
pubmed: 31231276
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2013 Jul;346(1):2-10
pubmed: 23568856
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Oct 8;10:CD011611
pubmed: 34623633
Neuroscience. 2009 May 5;160(2):264-74
pubmed: 19236907
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2018;252:113-142
pubmed: 30406443
Addict Biol. 2002 Oct;7(4):357-64
pubmed: 14578010
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Sep 10;12:724606
pubmed: 34566723
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017 Sep 1;178:119-125
pubmed: 28646714
Nature. 2021 Jan;589(7842):474-479
pubmed: 33299186
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2008 Sep;40(3):225-36
pubmed: 19004414
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Jan;96:10-20
pubmed: 30439373
J Neurosci. 2006 May 24;26(21):5733-8
pubmed: 16723530
J Affect Disord. 2021 Jan 15;279:239-249
pubmed: 33074143
Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Jun 27;8:377
pubmed: 25018713
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 13;13:906639
pubmed: 35910354
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 20;22(16):
pubmed: 34445721
Curr Biol. 2016 Apr 25;26(8):1043-50
pubmed: 27085214
Am J Psychiatry. 1985 Nov;142(11):1391
pubmed: 2865906
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2009 Dec;116(12):1591-9
pubmed: 19756361
Mol Psychiatry. 2003 Nov;8(12):951-73
pubmed: 14647394
Biochem Pharmacol. 2013 Jun 15;85(12):1803-15
pubmed: 23583454
Neuroscience. 2007 May 11;146(2):509-14
pubmed: 17383105
Science. 2009 Feb 13;323(5916):934-7
pubmed: 19213917
J Comp Neurol. 2012 Aug 1;520(11):2459-74
pubmed: 22237931
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013 Mar;38(4):552-62
pubmed: 23072836
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008 Jan;33(1):88-109
pubmed: 17851537
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2012 Apr;37(5):1192-203
pubmed: 22169943
Brain Res Bull. 2016 Sep;126(Pt 1):74-88
pubmed: 27126737
Addiction. 2004 Jun;99(6):686-96
pubmed: 15139867
Clin Ther. 2018 Aug;40(8):1420-1422
pubmed: 30108000
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2017 Jun;27(6):554-559
pubmed: 28479211
Pharmacogenetics. 2003 Jun;13(6):307-19
pubmed: 12777961
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2009 May;8(3):317-29
pubmed: 19505264
Cleve Clin J Med. 2006 Apr;73(4):351-3, 356-61
pubmed: 16610395
Int J Drug Policy. 2021 Jan;87:102997
pubmed: 33080454
J Psychopharmacol. 2022 Mar;36(3):273-294
pubmed: 34666554
Biol Psychiatry. 2000 Feb 15;47(4):351-4
pubmed: 10686270
Life Sci. 2014 Feb 27;97(1):37-44
pubmed: 23892199
Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem. 2010 Sep 1;10(3):207-17
pubmed: 20528764
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Apr;185(3):298-305
pubmed: 16518647
J Affect Disord. 2017 Apr 15;213:35-43
pubmed: 28189963
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2022 Feb 28;:1-11
pubmed: 35225726
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014 Oct 31;18(1):
pubmed: 25539510
Pharmacogn Mag. 2017 Jul;13(Suppl 2):S354-S358
pubmed: 28808405
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2021 Apr 7;12(7):1170-1177
pubmed: 33689284
Nat Med. 2021 Jun;27(6):1025-1033
pubmed: 33972795
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1990;15 Suppl 7:S75-85
pubmed: 1702490
Eur Psychiatry. 2002 Jul;17 Suppl 3:294-9
pubmed: 15177084
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015 Mar;25(3):365-76
pubmed: 25624004
PLoS One. 2010 Feb 02;5(2):e9019
pubmed: 20126400
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2022 May;47(6):1180-1187
pubmed: 35217796
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 May 31;16:153
pubmed: 27245332
Br J Pharmacol. 2015 May;172(10):2433-44
pubmed: 25438806
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 27;9(6):e100719
pubmed: 24972084
J Psychopharmacol. 2006 Mar;20(2):176-87
pubmed: 16510476
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2018 Apr;38(3):579-593
pubmed: 28623429
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 13;7(1):13187
pubmed: 29030624
Mol Psychiatry. 2017 Aug;22(8):1085-1095
pubmed: 28397840
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2022 Jan 1;35(1):22-29
pubmed: 34855694
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 May;40(6):1321-31
pubmed: 25502630
Psychopharmacol Bull. 2022 May 31;52(2):73-116
pubmed: 35721816
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2015 Oct;232(19):3607-14
pubmed: 26257162
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013 Jun;14(6):401-16
pubmed: 23674053
Life Sci. 1998;62(8):763-73
pubmed: 9489512
J Neurosci Res. 2022 Apr;100(4):947-969
pubmed: 35165930
J Psychopharmacol. 2021 May;35(5):512-536
pubmed: 32909493
J Psychopharmacol. 2013 Jan;27(1):28-39
pubmed: 23172889
Science. 2003 Aug 8;301(5634):805-9
pubmed: 12907793
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2020 Mar;237(3):773-785
pubmed: 31822925
PLoS One. 2013 Oct 02;8(10):e75426
pubmed: 24098382
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Mar;110:150-173
pubmed: 31101438
Neuropsychobiology. 2009;60(3-4):148-58
pubmed: 19893332
Pharmazie. 2006 Nov;61(11):966-72
pubmed: 17152992
J Psychopharmacol. 2014 Nov;28(11):1053-63
pubmed: 25237120
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2012 Jan;37(1):77-101
pubmed: 21900884
Arch Toxicol. 2020 Apr;94(4):1085-1133
pubmed: 32249347
Biol Psychiatry. 2015 Oct 15;78(8):544-53
pubmed: 25575620
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1992 Nov;70(11):1508-14
pubmed: 1338374
J Psychiatr Res. 2021 Jul;139:71-81
pubmed: 34048997
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2012 Jun;221(4):709-18
pubmed: 22222861
Br J Pharmacol. 2022 Sep;179(17):4181-4200
pubmed: 34128229
Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Mar 22;559(2-3):132-7
pubmed: 17223101
Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Nov;140(5):831-8
pubmed: 14517176
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2020 Nov;21(11):611-624
pubmed: 32929261
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Mar;28(2):249-54
pubmed: 14751419
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2019 Jul 17;10(7):3261-3270
pubmed: 30829033
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Feb 7;109(6):2138-43
pubmed: 22308440
Neuropsychopharmacology. 1999 May;20(5):424-33
pubmed: 10192823
Neuropharmacology. 2014 Apr;79:152-60
pubmed: 24275046
Front Neurosci. 2018 Aug 06;12:536
pubmed: 30127713
J Auton Pharmacol. 1998 Aug;18(4):239-44
pubmed: 9788294
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018 Apr 1;21(4):371-381
pubmed: 29309585
J Med Chem. 2018 Mar 22;61(6):2133-2165
pubmed: 28731336
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2014 Aug;231(16):3119-29
pubmed: 24705904
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 26;12:749429
pubmed: 34764870
Drug Discov Today. 2009 Jul;14(13-14):690-7
pubmed: 19460458
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016 Mar;26(3):397-410
pubmed: 26851834
J Biol Chem. 2017 Oct 6;292(40):16773-16786
pubmed: 28842491
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2008 Winter;14(4):295-314
pubmed: 19040555
J Psychopharmacol. 2020 Jul;34(7):716-725
pubmed: 32403969
Neuropharmacology. 2018 May 15;134(Pt A):4-12
pubmed: 28755886