Gut microbiome and neurosurgery: Implications for treatment.
faecal transplant
microbiome
neurosurgery
probiotics
Journal
Clinical and translational discovery
ISSN: 2768-0622
Titre abrégé: Clin Transl Discov
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9918266190206676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2022
Dec 2022
Historique:
entrez:
21
10
2022
pubmed:
22
10
2022
medline:
22
10
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The aim of this review is to summarize the current understanding of the gut-brain axis (GBA), its impact on neurosurgery, and its implications for future treatment. An abundance of research has established the existence of a collection of pathways between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system (CNS), commonly known as the GBA. Complicating this relationship, the gut microbiome bacterial diversity appears to change with age, antibiotic exposure and a number of external and internal factors. In this paper, we present the current understanding of the key protective and deleterious roles the gut microbiome plays in the pathogenesis of several common neurosurgical concerns. Specifically, we examine how spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury and stroke may cause gut microbial dysbiosis. Furthermore, this link appears to be bidirectional as gut dysbiosis contributes to secondary CNS injury in each of these ailment settings. This toxic cycle may be broken, and the future secondary damage rescued by timely, therapeutic, gut microbiome modification. In addition, a robust gut microbiome appears to improve outcomes in brain tumour treatment. There are several primary routes by which microbiome dysbiosis may be ameliorated, including faecal microbiota transplant, oral probiotics, bacteriophages, genetic modification of gut microbiota and vagus nerve stimulation. The GBA represents an important component of patient care in the field of neurosurgery. Future research may illuminate ideal methods of therapeutic microbiome modulation in distinct pathogenic settings.
Sections du résumé
Introduction
UNASSIGNED
The aim of this review is to summarize the current understanding of the gut-brain axis (GBA), its impact on neurosurgery, and its implications for future treatment.
Background
UNASSIGNED
An abundance of research has established the existence of a collection of pathways between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system (CNS), commonly known as the GBA. Complicating this relationship, the gut microbiome bacterial diversity appears to change with age, antibiotic exposure and a number of external and internal factors.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
In this paper, we present the current understanding of the key protective and deleterious roles the gut microbiome plays in the pathogenesis of several common neurosurgical concerns.
Results
UNASSIGNED
Specifically, we examine how spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury and stroke may cause gut microbial dysbiosis. Furthermore, this link appears to be bidirectional as gut dysbiosis contributes to secondary CNS injury in each of these ailment settings. This toxic cycle may be broken, and the future secondary damage rescued by timely, therapeutic, gut microbiome modification. In addition, a robust gut microbiome appears to improve outcomes in brain tumour treatment. There are several primary routes by which microbiome dysbiosis may be ameliorated, including faecal microbiota transplant, oral probiotics, bacteriophages, genetic modification of gut microbiota and vagus nerve stimulation.
Conclusion
UNASSIGNED
The GBA represents an important component of patient care in the field of neurosurgery. Future research may illuminate ideal methods of therapeutic microbiome modulation in distinct pathogenic settings.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36268259
doi: 10.1002/ctd2.139
pmc: PMC9577538
mid: NIHMS1841777
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R25 NS108939
Pays : United States
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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