Association between regular physical activity and the protective effect of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in a South African case-control study.
Covid-19
Physical activity
Vaccination
Journal
British journal of sports medicine
ISSN: 1473-0480
Titre abrégé: Br J Sports Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0432520
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2023
Feb 2023
Historique:
accepted:
19
09
2022
pubmed:
25
10
2022
medline:
7
2
2023
entrez:
24
10
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Both vaccination and physical activity have been shown to independently decrease the likelihood of severe COVID-19 infection. To assess the association between regular physical activity and vaccination against COVID-19 among healthcare workers. A test negative case-control study design was used to estimate the risk of having an associated COVID-19-related hospital admission, among individuals who were unvaccinated compared with those who were fully vaccinated with Ad26.COV2.S (>28 days after a single dose). 196 444 participant tests were stratified into three measured physical activity subgroups with low, moderate and high activity, to test the hypothesis that physical activity is an effect modifier on the relationship between vaccination and hospitalisation. Vaccine effectiveness against a COVID-19-related admission among vaccinated individuals within the low activity group was 60.0% (95% CI 39.0 to 73.8), 72.1% (95% CI 55.2 to 82.6) for the moderate activity group, and 85.8% (95% CI 74.1 to 92.2) for the high activity group. Compared with individuals with low activity levels, vaccinated individuals with moderate and high activity levels had a 1.4 (95% CI 1.36 to 1.51) and 2.8 (95% CI 2.35 to 3.35) times lower risk of COVID-19 admission, respectively (p value <0.001 for both groups). Regular physical activity was associated with improved vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalisation, with higher levels of physical activity associated with greater vaccine effectiveness. Physical activity enhances vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 outcomes and should be encouraged by greater public health messaging.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Both vaccination and physical activity have been shown to independently decrease the likelihood of severe COVID-19 infection.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
To assess the association between regular physical activity and vaccination against COVID-19 among healthcare workers.
METHODS
METHODS
A test negative case-control study design was used to estimate the risk of having an associated COVID-19-related hospital admission, among individuals who were unvaccinated compared with those who were fully vaccinated with Ad26.COV2.S (>28 days after a single dose). 196 444 participant tests were stratified into three measured physical activity subgroups with low, moderate and high activity, to test the hypothesis that physical activity is an effect modifier on the relationship between vaccination and hospitalisation.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Vaccine effectiveness against a COVID-19-related admission among vaccinated individuals within the low activity group was 60.0% (95% CI 39.0 to 73.8), 72.1% (95% CI 55.2 to 82.6) for the moderate activity group, and 85.8% (95% CI 74.1 to 92.2) for the high activity group. Compared with individuals with low activity levels, vaccinated individuals with moderate and high activity levels had a 1.4 (95% CI 1.36 to 1.51) and 2.8 (95% CI 2.35 to 3.35) times lower risk of COVID-19 admission, respectively (p value <0.001 for both groups).
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Regular physical activity was associated with improved vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalisation, with higher levels of physical activity associated with greater vaccine effectiveness. Physical activity enhances vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 outcomes and should be encouraged by greater public health messaging.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36280289
pii: bjsports-2022-105734
doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105734
doi:
Substances chimiques
Ad26COVS1
JT2NS6183B
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
205-211Informations de copyright
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Competing interests: SC, LS and JC are employed by Discovery Health; J P is an editor of BJSM.