Astrocytes in the initiation and progression of epilepsy.
Journal
Nature reviews. Neurology
ISSN: 1759-4766
Titre abrégé: Nat Rev Neurol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101500072
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2022
12 2022
Historique:
accepted:
16
09
2022
pubmed:
26
10
2022
medline:
1
12
2022
entrez:
25
10
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Epilepsy affects ~65 million people worldwide. First-line treatment options include >20 antiseizure medications, but seizure control is not achieved in approximately one-third of patients. Antiseizure medications act primarily on neurons and can provide symptomatic control of seizures, but do not alter the onset and progression of epilepsy and can cause serious adverse effects. Therefore, medications with new cellular and molecular targets and mechanisms of action are needed. Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are crucial to the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy, raising the possibility that these cells could be novel therapeutic targets. In this Review, we discuss how dysregulation of key astrocyte functions - gliotransmission, cell metabolism and immune function - contribute to the development and progression of hyperexcitability in epilepsy. We consider strategies to mitigate astrocyte dysfunction in each of these areas, and provide an overview of how astrocyte activation states can be monitored in vivo not only to assess their contribution to disease but also to identify markers of disease processes and treatment effects. Improved understanding of the roles of astrocytes in epilepsy has the potential to lead to novel therapies to prevent the initiation and progression of epilepsy.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36280704
doi: 10.1038/s41582-022-00727-5
pii: 10.1038/s41582-022-00727-5
pmc: PMC10368155
mid: NIHMS1914868
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
707-722Subventions
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS103740
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS061844
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS065957
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS127846
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2022. Springer Nature Limited.
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