Exploring the Targets of Novel Corona Virus and Docking-based Screening of Potential Natural Inhibitors to Combat COVID-19.

COVID-19 Docking- based screening. Natural inhibitors Non-structural proteins SARS-CoV-2 potential targets Structural proteins

Journal

Current topics in medicinal chemistry
ISSN: 1873-4294
Titre abrégé: Curr Top Med Chem
Pays: United Arab Emirates
ID NLM: 101119673

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2022
Historique:
received: 12 06 2022
revised: 07 09 2022
accepted: 21 09 2022
pubmed: 26 10 2022
medline: 20 1 2023
entrez: 25 10 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

There is a need to explore natural compounds against COVID-19 due to their multitargeted actions against various targets of nCoV. They act on multiple sites rather than single targets against several diseases. Thus, there is a possibility that natural resources can be repurposed to combat COVID-19. However, the biochemical mechanisms of these inhibitors were not known. To reveal the mode of anti-nCoV action, structure-based docking plays a major role. The present study is an attempt to explore various potential targets of SARS-CoV-2 and the structure-based screening of various potential natural inhibitors to combat the novel coronavirus.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36281864
pii: CTMC-EPUB-127125
doi: 10.2174/1568026623666221020163831
doi:

Substances chimiques

Antiviral Agents 0
Protease Inhibitors 0

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

2410-2434

Informations de copyright

Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.

Références

Zhou P.; Yang X.L.; Wang X.G.; Hu B.; Zhang L.; Zhang W.; Si H.R.; Zhu Y.; Li B.; Huang C.L.; Chen H.D.; Chen J.; Luo Y.; Guo H.; Jiang R.D.; Liu M.Q.; Chen Y.; Shen X.R.; Wang X.; Zheng X.S.; Zhao K.; Chen Q.J.; Deng F.; Liu L.L.; Yan B.; Zhan F.X.; Wang Y.Y.; Xiao G.F.; Shi Z.L.; A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 2020,579(7798),270-273
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7 pubmed: 32015507
Yang H.; Bartlam M.; Rao Z.; Drug design targeting the main protease, the Achilles’ heel of coronaviruses. Curr Pharm Des 2006,12(35),4573-4590
doi: 10.2174/138161206779010369 pubmed: 17168763
Belouzard S.; Millet J.K.; Licitra B.N.; Whittaker G.R.; Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein. Viruses 2012,4(6),1011-1033
doi: 10.3390/v4061011 pubmed: 22816037
King A.M.Q.; Adams M.J.; Carstens E.B.; Lefkowitz E.J.; Virus Taxonomy Ninth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses 2012,486-487
Simmonds P.; Adams M.J.; Benkő M.; Breitbart M.; Brister J.R.; Carstens E.B.; Davison A.J.; Delwart E.; Gorbalenya A.E.; Harrach B.; Hull R.; King A.M.Q.; Koonin E.V.; Krupovic M.; Kuhn J.H.; Lefkowitz E.J.; Nibert M.L.; Orton R.; Roossinck M.J.; Sabanadzovic S.; Sullivan M.B.; Suttle C.A.; Tesh R.B.; van der Vlugt R.A.; Varsani A.; Zerbini F.M.; Virus taxonomy in the age of metagenomics. Nat Rev Microbiol 2017,15(3),161-168
doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.177 pubmed: 28134265
Adams M.J.; Lefkowitz E.J.; King A.M.Q.; Harrach B.; Harrison R.L.; Knowles N.J.; Kropinski A.M.; Krupovic M.; Kuhn J.H.; Mushegian A.R.; Nibert M.L.; Sabanadzovic S.; Sanfaçon H.; Siddell S.G.; Simmonds P.; Varsani A.; Zerbini F.M.; Orton R.J.; Smith D.B.; Gorbalenya A.E.; Davison A.J.; 50 years of the international committee on taxonomy of viruses: Progress and prospects. Arch Virol 2017,162(5),1441-1446
doi: 10.1007/s00705-016-3215-y pubmed: 28078475
Hilgenfeld R.; From SARS to MERS: Crystallographic studies on coronaviral proteases enable antiviral drug design. FEBS J 2014,281(18),4085-4096
doi: 10.1111/febs.12936 pubmed: 25039866
McBride R.; van Zyl M.; Fielding B.; The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein. Viruses 2014,6(8),2991-3018
doi: 10.3390/v6082991 pubmed: 25105276
Guo Y.; Korteweg C.; McNutt M.A.; Gu J.; Pathogenetic mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Virus Res 2008,133(1),4-12
doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.01.022 pubmed: 17825937
Gallagher T.M.; Buchmeier M.J.; Coronavirus spike proteins in viral entry and pathogenesis. Virology 2001,279(2),371-374
doi: 10.1006/viro.2000.0757 pubmed: 11162792
Li F.; Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins. Annu Rev Virol 2016,3(1),237-261
doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-042301 pubmed: 27578435
Yuan Y.; Cao D.; Zhang Y.; Ma J.; Qi J.; Wang Q.; Lu G.; Wu Y.; Yan J.; Shi Y.; Zhang X.; Gao G.F.; Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains. Nat Commun 2017,8(1),15092
doi: 10.1038/ncomms15092 pubmed: 28393837
Du L.; He Y.; Zhou Y.; Liu S.; Zheng B.J.; Jiang S.; The spike protein of SARS-CoV — a target for vaccine and therapeutic development. Nat Rev Microbiol 2009,7(3),226-236
doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2090 pubmed: 19198616
Prabakaran P.; Xiao X.; Dimitrov D.S.; A model of the ACE2 structure and function as a SARS-CoV receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004,314(1),235-241
doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.081 pubmed: 14715271
Li W.; Moore M.J.; Vasilieva N.; Sui J.; Wong S.K.; Berne M.A.; Somasundaran M.; Sullivan J.L.; Luzuriaga K.; Greenough .C.; Choe H.; Farzan M.; Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature 2003,426(6965),450-454
doi: 10.1038/nature02145 pubmed: 14647384
Jeffers S.A.; Tusell S.M.; Gillim-Ross L.; Hemmila E.M.; Achenbach J.E.; Babcock G.J.; Thomas W.D.; Thackray L.B.; Young M.D.; Mason R.J.; Ambrosino D.M.; Wentworth D.E.; DeMartini J.C.; Holmes K.V.; CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004,101(44),15748-15753
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0403812101 pubmed: 15496474
Yang Z.Y.; Huang Y.; Ganesh L.; Leung K.; Kong W.P.; Schwartz O.; Subbarao K.; Nabel G.J.; pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN. J Virol 2004,78(11),5642-5650
doi: 10.1128/JVI.78.11.5642-5650.2004 pubmed: 15140961
Han D.P.; Lohani M.; Cho M.W.; Specific asparagine-linked glycosylation sites are critical for DC-SIGN- and L-SIGNmediated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry. J Virol 2007,81(21),12029-12039
doi: 10.1128/JVI.00315-07 pubmed: 17715238
Castaño-Rodriguez C.; Honrubia J.M.; Gutiérrez-Álvarez J.; DeDiego M.L.; Nieto-Torres J.L.; Jimenez-Guardeño J.M.; Regla-Nava J.A.; Fernandez-Delgado R.; Verdia-Báguena C.; Queralt-Martín M.; Kochan G.; Perlman S.; Aguilella V.M.; Sola I.; Enjuanes L.; Role of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus viroporins E, 3a, and 8a in peplication and pathogenesis. MBio 2018,9(3),e02325-17
doi: 10.1128/mBio.02325-17 pubmed: 29789363
Kuo L.; Hurst K.R.; Masters P.S.; Exceptional flexibility in the sequence requirements for coronavirus small envelope protein function. J Virol 2007,81(5),2249-2262
doi: 10.1128/JVI.01577-06 pubmed: 17182690
Venkatagopalan P.; Daskalova S.M.; Lopez L.A.; Dolezal K.A.; Hogue B.G.; Coronavirus envelope (E) protein remains at the site of assembly. Virology 2015,478,75-85
doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.005 pubmed: 25726972
Schoeman D.; Fielding B.C.; Coronavirus envelope protein: Current knowledge. Virol J 2019,16(1),69
doi: 10.1186/s12985-019-1182-0 pubmed: 31133031
Arbely E.; Khattari Z.; Brotons G.; Akkawi M.; Salditt T.; Arkin I.T.; A highly unusual palindromic transmembrane helical hairpin formed by SARS coronavirus E protein. J Mol Biol 2004,341(3),769-779
doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.06.044 pubmed: 15288785
Pervushin K.; Tan E.; Parthasarathy K.; Lin X.; Jiang F.L.; Yu D.; Vararattanavech A.; Soong T.W.; Liu D.X.; Torres J.; Structure and inhibition of the SARS coronavirus envelope protein ion channel. PLoS Pathog 2009,5(7),e1000511
doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000511 pubmed: 19593379
Hogue B.G.; Machamer C.E.; Coronavirus structural proteins and virus assembly. Nidoviruses 2008,2008,179-200
Arndt A.L.; Larson B.J.; Hogue B.G.; A conserved domain in the coronavirus membrane protein tail is important for virus assembly. J Virol 2010,84(21),11418-11428
doi: 10.1128/JVI.01131-10 pubmed: 20719948
Wang Y.; Liu L.; The membrane protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus functions as a novel cytosolic pathogen-associated molecular pattern to promote beta interferon induction via a toll-like-receptor-related TRAF3-independent mechanism. MBio 2016,7(1),e01872-15
doi: 10.1128/mBio.01872-15 pubmed: 26861016
Chang C.; Lo S.C.; Wang Y.S.; Hou M.H.; Recent insights into the development of therapeutics against coronavirus diseases by targeting N protein. Drug Discov Today 2016,21(4),562-572
doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.11.015 pubmed: 26691874
Lin S.Y.; Liu C.L.; Chang Y.M.; Zhao J.; Perlman S.; Hou M.H.; Structural basis for the identification of the N-terminal domain of coronavirus nucleocapsid protein as an antiviral target. J Med Chem 2014,57(6),2247-2257
doi: 10.1021/jm500089r pubmed: 24564608
Chang C.; Hou M.H.; Chang C.F.; Hsiao C.D.; Huang T.; The SARS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein - forms and functions. Antiviral Res 2014,103,39-50
doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.12.009 pubmed: 24418573
Zhou B.; Liu J.; Wang Q.; Liu X.; Li X.; Li P.; Ma Q.; Cao C.; The nucleocapsid protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus inhibits cell cytokinesis and proliferation by interacting with translation elongation factor 1alpha. J Virol 2008,82(14),6962-6971
doi: 10.1128/JVI.00133-08 pubmed: 18448518
Lo Y.S.; Lin S.Y.; Wang S.M.; Wang C.T.; Chiu Y.L.; Huang T.H.; Hou M.H.; Oligomerization of the carboxyl terminal domain of the human coronavirus 229E nucleocapsid protein. FEBS Lett 2013,587(2),120-127
doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.11.016 pubmed: 23178926
Lindner H.A.; Fotouhi-Ardakani N.; Lytvyn V.; Lachance P.; Sulea T.; Ménard R.; The papain-like protease from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a deubiquitinating enzyme. J Virol 2005,79(24),15199-15208
doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.24.15199-15208.2005 pubmed: 16306591
Jo S.; Kim S.; Shin D.H.; Kim M.S.; Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3CL protease by flavonoids. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020,35(1),145-151
doi: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1690480 pubmed: 31724441
Shimamoto Y.; Hattori Y.; Kobayashi K.; Teruya K.; Sanjoh A.; Nakagawa A.; Yamashita E.; Akaji K.; Fused-ring structure of decahydroisoquinolin as a novel scaffold for SARS 3CL protease inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015,23(4),876-890
doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.028 pubmed: 25614110
Hu T.; Zhang Y.; Li L.; Wang K.; Chen S.; Chen J.; Ding J.; Jiang H.; Shen X.; Two adjacent mutations on the dimer interface of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease cause different conformational changes in crystal structure. Virology 2009,388(2),324-334
doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.03.034 pubmed: 19409595
Hsu M.F.; Kuo C.J.; Chang K.T.; Chang H.C.; Chou C.C.; Ko T.P.; Shr H.L.; Chang G.G.; Wang A.H.J.; Liang P.H.; Mechanism of the maturation process of SARS-CoV 3CL protease. J Biol Chem 2005,280(35),31257-31266
doi: 10.1074/jbc.M502577200 pubmed: 15788388
Barretto N.; Jukneliene D.; Ratia K.; Chen Z.; Mesecar A.D.; Baker S.C.; The papain-like protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus has deubiquitinating activity. J Virol 2005,79(24),15189-15198
doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.24.15189-15198.2005 pubmed: 16306590
Han Y.S.; Chang G.G.; Juo C.G.; Lee H.J.; Yeh S.H.; Hsu J.T.A.; Chen X.; Papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV): Expression, purification, characterization, and inhibition. Biochemistry 2005,44(30),10349-10359
doi: 10.1021/bi0504761 pubmed: 16042412
Zeng Q.; Langereis M.A.; van Vliet A.L.W.; Huizinga E.G.; de Groot R.J.; Structure of coronavirus hemagglutinin-esterase offers insight into corona and influenza virus evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008,105(26),9065-9069
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800502105 pubmed: 18550812
Frick D.; Lam A.; Understanding helicases as a means of virus control. Curr Pharm Des 2006,12(11),1315-1338
doi: 10.2174/138161206776361147 pubmed: 16611118
Karpe Y.A.; Lole K.S.; NTPase and 5′ to 3′ RNA duplex-unwinding activities of the hepatitis E virus helicase domain. J Virol 2010,84(7),3595-3602
doi: 10.1128/JVI.02130-09 pubmed: 20071563
Banerjee T.; Aggarwal M.; Sommers J.A.; Brosh R.M.; Biochemical and cell biological assays to identify and characterize DNA helicase inhibitors. Methods 2016,108,130-141
doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.04.007 pubmed: 27064001
Frieman M.; Yount B.; Agnihothram S.; Page C.; Donaldson E.; Roberts A.; Vogel L.; Woodruff B.; Scorpio D.; Subbarao K.; Baric R.S.; Molecular determinants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pathogenesis and virulence in young and aged mouse models of human disease. J Virol 2012,86(2),884-897
doi: 10.1128/JVI.05957-11 pubmed: 22072787
Egloff M.P.; Ferron F.; Campanacci V.; Longhi S.; Rancurel C.; Dutartre H.; Snijder E.J.; Gorbalenya A.E.; Cambillau C.; Canard B.; The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus replicative protein nsp9 is a single-stranded RNA-binding subunit unique in the RNA virus world. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004,101(11),3792-3796
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307877101 pubmed: 15007178
Sutton G.; Fry E.; Carter L.; Sainsbury S.; Walter T.; Nettleship J.; Berrow N.; Owens R.; Gilbert R.; Davidson A.; Siddell S.; Poon L.L.M.; Diprose J.; Alderton D.; Walsh M.; Grimes J.M.; Stuart D.I.; The nsp9 replicase protein of SARS-coronavirus, structure and functional insights. Structure 2004,12(2),341-353
doi: 10.1016/j.str.2004.01.016 pubmed: 14962394
Ponnusamy R.; Moll R.; Weimar T.; Mesters J.R.; Hilgenfeld R.; Variable oligomerization modes in coronavirus non-structural protein 9. J Mol Biol 2008,383(5),1081-1096
doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.07.071 pubmed: 18694760
Kirchdoerfer R.N.; Ward A.B.; Structure of the SARS-CoV nsp12 polymerase bound to nsp7 and nsp8 co-factors. Nat Commun 2019,10(1),2342
doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10280-3 pubmed: 31138817
Ahn D.G.; Choi J.K.; Taylor D.R.; Oh J.W.; Biochemical characterization of a recombinant SARS coronavirus nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase capable of copying viral RNA templates. Arch Virol 2012,157(11),2095-2104
doi: 10.1007/s00705-012-1404-x pubmed: 22791111
Subissi L.; Posthuma C.C.; Collet A.; Zevenhoven-Dobbe J.C.; Gorbalenya A.E.; Decroly E.; Snijder E.J.; Canard B.; Imbert I.; One severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein complex integrates processive RNA polymerase and exonuclease activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2014,111(37),E3900-E3909
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1323705111 pubmed: 25197083
McDonald S.M.; RNA synthetic mechanisms employed by diverse families of RNA viruses. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA 2013,4(4),351-367
doi: 10.1002/wrna.1164 pubmed: 23606593
Gao Y.; Yan L.; Huang Y.; Liu F.; Zhao Y.; Cao L.; Wang R.; Sun Q.; Ming Z.; Zhang L.; Ge J.; Zheng L.; Zhang Y.; Wang H.; Zhu Y.; Zhu C.; Hu T.; Hua T.; Zhang B.; Yang X.; Li J.; Yang H.; Liu Z.; Xu W.; Guddat L.W.; Wang Q.; Lou Z.; Rao Z.; Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from COVID-19 virus. Science 2020,368,779-782
Yin W.; Mao C.; Luan X.; Shen D.D.; Shen Q.; Su H.; Wang X.; Zhou F.; Zhao W.; Gao M.; Chang S.; Xie Y.C.; Tian G.; Jiang H.W.; Tao S.C.; Shen J.; Jiang Y.; Jiang H.; Xu Y.; Zhang S.; Zhang Y.; Xu H.E.; Structural basis for inhibition of the RNAdependent RNA polymerase from SARS-CoV-2 by remdesivir. Science 1504,2020(368),1499e
Wang Q.; Wu J.; Wang H.; Gao Y.; Liu Q.; Mu A.; Ji W.; Yan L.; Zhu Y.; Zhu C.; Fang X.; Yang X.; Huang Y.; Gao H.; Liu F.; Ge J.; Sun Q.; Yang X.; Xu W.; Liu Z.; Yang H.; Lou Z.; Jiang B.; Guddat L.W.; Gong P.; Rao Z.; Structural basis for RNA replication by the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase. Cell 2020,182,417-428
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.034
Nandi S.; Roy H.; Gummadi A.; Saxena A.K.; Exploring spike protein as potential target of novel coronavirus and to inhibit the viability utilizing natural agents. Curr Drug Targets 2021,22(17),2006-2020
doi: 10.2174/1389450122666210309105820 pubmed: 33687893
Maurya V.K.; Kumar S.; Prasad A.K.; Bhatt M.L.B.; Saxena S.K.; Structure-based drug designing for potential antiviral activity of selected natural products from Ayurveda against SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and its cellular receptor. Virusdisease 2020,31(2),179-193
doi: 10.1007/s13337-020-00598-8 pubmed: 32656311
Lelli D.; Sahebkar A.; Johnston T.P.; Pedone C.; Curcumin use in pulmonary diseases: State of the art and future perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2017,115,133-148
doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.11.017 pubmed: 27888157
Jena A.B.; Kanungo N.; Nayak V.; Chainy G.B.N.; Dandapat J.; Catechin and curcumin interact with S protein of SARS-CoV2 and ACE2 of human cell membrane: Insights from computational studies. Sci Rep 2021,11(1),2043
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81462-7 pubmed: 33479401
Mhatre S.; Gurav N.; Shah M.; Patravale V.; Entry-inhibitory role of catechins against SARS-CoV-2 and its UK variant. Comput Biol Med 2021,135,104560
doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104560 pubmed: 34147855
Kumar G.; Kumar D.; Singh N.P.; Therapeutic Approach against 2019-nCoV by Inhibition of ACE-2 Receptor. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2021,71(4),213-218
doi: 10.1055/a-1275-0228 pubmed: 33184809
Marín-Palma D.; Tabares-Guevara J.H.; Zapata-Cardona M.I.; Flórez-Álvarez L.; Yepes L.M.; Rugeles M.T.; Zapata-Builes W.; Hernandez J.C.; Taborda N.A.; Curcumin inhibits in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection in vero E6 cells through multiple antiviral mechanisms. Molecules 2021,26(22),6900
doi: 10.3390/molecules26226900 pubmed: 34833991
Udeinya I.J.; Mbah A.U.; Chijioke C.P.; Shu E.N.; An antimalarial extract from neem leaves is antiretroviral. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2004,98(7),435-437
doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.10.016 pubmed: 15138081
Biswas K.; Chattopadhyay I.; Banerjee R.K.; Bandyopadhyay U.; Biological activities and medicinal properties of neem (Azadirachta indica). Curr Sci 2002,82,1336-1345
Shadrack D.M.; Vuai S.A.H.; Sahini M.G.; Onoka I.; In silico study of the inhibition of SARS-COV-2 viral cell entry by neem tree extracts. RSC Advances 2021,11(43),26524-26533
doi: 10.1039/D1RA04197E pubmed: 35480004
Sarkar L.; Oko L.; Gupta S.; Bubak A.N.; Das B.; Gupta P.; Safiriyu A.A.; Singhal C.; Neogi U.; Bloom D.; Banerjee A.; Mahalingam R.; Cohrs R.J.; Koval M.; Shindler K.S.; Pal D.; Nagel M.; Sarma J.D.; Azadirachta indica A. Juss bark extract and its Nimbin isomers restrict β-coronaviral infection and replication. Virology 2022,569,13-28
doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.01.002 pubmed: 35219218
Ye Q.; Wang B.; Mao J.; The pathogenesis and treatment of the ‘Cytokine Storm’ in COVID-19. J Infect 2020,80(6),607-613
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.037 pubmed: 32283152
Straughn A.R.; Kakar S.S.; Withaferin A.; A potential therapeutic agent against COVID-19 infection. J Ovarian Res 2020,13(1),79
doi: 10.1186/s13048-020-00684-x pubmed: 32684166
Chikhale R.V.; Gurav S.S.; Patil R.B.; Sinha S.K.; Prasad S.K.; Shakya A.; Shrivastava S.K.; Gurav N.S.; Prasad R.S.; Sars-cov-2 host entry and replication inhibitors from Indian ginseng: An in-silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021,39(12),4510-4521
pubmed: 32568012
Balkrishna A.; Pokhrel S.; Singh H.; Joshi M.; Mulay V.P.; Haldar S.; Varshney A.; Withanone from Withania somnifera Attenuates SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Host ACE2 Interactions to Rescue Spike Protein Induced Pathologies in Humanized Zebrafish Model. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021,15,1111-1133
doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S292805 pubmed: 33737804
Kim S.H.; Lee Y.C.; Piperine inhibits eosinophil infiltration and airway hyperresponsiveness by suppressing T cell activity and Th2 cytokine production in the ovalbumin-induced asthma model. J Pharm Pharmacol 2009,61(3),353-359
doi: 10.1211/jpp.61.03.0010 pubmed: 19222908
Rout J.; Swain B.C.; Tripathy U.; In silico investigation of spice molecules as potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021,40(2),860-874
pubmed: 32938313
Liu W.; Zhang X.; Liu P.; Shen X.; Lan T.; Li W.; Jiang Q.; Xie X.; Huang H.; Effects of berberine on matrix accumulation and NF-kappa B signal pathway in alloxan-induced diabetic mice with renal injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2010,638(1-3),150-155
doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.04.033 pubmed: 20447389
Wang Z.Z.; Li K.; Maskey A.R.; Huang W.; Toutov A.A.; Yang N.; Srivastava K.; Geliebter J.; Tiwari R.; Miao M.; Li X.M.; A small molecule compound berberine as an orally active therapeutic candidate against COVID‐19 and SARS: A computational and mechanistic study. FASEB J 2021,35(4),e21360
doi: 10.1096/fj.202001792R pubmed: 33749932
Varghese F.; van Woudenbergh E.; Overheul G.; Eleveld M.; Kurver L.; van Heerbeek N.; van Laarhoven A.; Miesen P.; den Hartog G.; de Jonge M.; van Rij R.; Berberine and obatoclax inhibit SARS-Cov-2 replication in primary human nasal epithelial cells in vitro. Viruses 2021,13(2),282
doi: 10.3390/v13020282 pubmed: 33670363
Liu Y.T.; Chen H.W.; Lii C.K.; Jhuang J.H.; Huang C.S.; Li M.L.; Yao H.T.; A diterpenoid, 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandrographolide, in Andrographis paniculata reduces steatohepatitis and liver injury in mice fed a high-fat and highcholesterol diet. Nutrients 2020,12(2),523
doi: 10.3390/nu12020523
Sa-ngiamsuntorn K.; Suksatu A.; Pewkliang Y.; Thongsri P.; Kanjanasirirat P.; Manopwisedjaroen S.; Charoensutthivarakul S.; Wongtrakoongate P.; Pitiporn S.; Chaopreecha J.; Kongsomros S.; Jearawuttanakul K.; Wannalo W.; Khemawoot P.; Chutipongtanate S.; Borwornpinyo S.; Thitithanyanont A.; Hongeng S.; Anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of Andrographis paniculata extract and its major component Andrographolide in human lung epithelial cells and cytotoxicity evaluation in major organ cell representatives. J Nat Prod 2021,84(4),1261-1270
doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01324 pubmed: 33844528
Basu A.; Sarkar A.; Maulik U.; Molecular docking study of potential phytochemicals and their effects on the complex of SARS-CoV2 spike protein and human ACE2. Sci Rep 2020,10(1),17699
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74715-4 pubmed: 33077836
Vijayakumar B.G.; Ramesh D.; Joji A.; Jayachandra prakasan J.; Kannan T.; In silico pharmacokinetic and molecular docking studies of natural flavonoids and synthetic indole chalcones against essential proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Eur J Pharmacol 2020,886,173448
doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173448 pubmed: 32768503
Bhowmik D.; Nandi R.; Prakash A.; Kumar D.; Evaluation of flavonoids as 2019-nCoV cell entry inhibitor through molecular docking and pharmacological analysis. Heylion 2021,7(3),E06515
Kreft S.; Knapp M.; Kreft I.; Extraction of rutin from buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) seeds and determination by capillary electrophoresis. J Agric Food Chem 1999,47(11),4649-4652
doi: 10.1021/jf990186p pubmed: 10552865
Zhao Z.; Moghadasian M.H.; Chemistry, natural sources, dietary intake and pharmacokinetic properties of ferulic acid: A review. Food Chem 2008,109(4),691-702
doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.039 pubmed: 26049981
Kumar N.; Pruthi V.; Potential applications of ferulic acid from natural sources. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2014,4,86-93
doi: 10.1016/j.btre.2014.09.002 pubmed: 28626667
Bhowmik D.; Nandi R.; Jagadeesan R.; Kumar N.; Prakash A.; Kumar D.; Identification of potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting proteins responsible for envelope formation and virion assembly using docking based virtual screening, and pharmacokinetics approaches. Infect Genet Evol 2020,84,104451
doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104451 pubmed: 32640381
Khuda-Bukhsh A.R.; Das J.; Samadder A.; Das S.; Paul A.; Nanopharmaceutical approach for enhanced anti-cancer activity of betulinic acid in lung-cancer treatment via activation of PARP: Interaction with dna as a target:-anti-cancer. J Pharmacopuncture 2016,19(1),37-44
doi: 10.3831/KPI.2016.19.005 pubmed: 27280048
Mandal A.; Jha A.K.; Hazra B.; Plant products as inhibitors of coronavirus 3CL protease. Front Pharmacol 2021,12,583387
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.583387 pubmed: 33767619
Rastogi S.; Pandey M.M.; Kumar Singh Rawat A.; Medicinal plants of the genus Betula—Traditional uses and a phytochemical–pharmacological review. J Ethnopharmacol 2015,159,62-83
doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.010 pubmed: 25449458
Das J.; Das S.; Samadder A.; Bhadra K.; Khuda-Bukhsh A.R.; Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) encapsulated extract of Phytolacca decandra demonstrates better intervention against induced lung adenocarcinoma in mice and on A549 cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012,47(2),313-324
doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.06.018 pubmed: 22771545
Das J.; Das S.; Paul A.; Samadder A.; Khuda-Bukhsh A.R.; Strong anticancer potential of nano-triterpenoid from Phytolacca decandra against A549 adenocarcinoma via a Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2014,7(3),140-150
doi: 10.1016/j.jams.2013.07.009 pubmed: 24929458
Jäger S.; Laszczyk M.; Scheffler A.; A preliminary pharmacokinetic study of betulin, the main pentacyclic triterpene from extract of outer bark of birch (Betulae alba cortex). Molecules 2008,13(12),3224-3235
doi: 10.3390/molecules13123224 pubmed: 19104487
Bildziukevich U.; Özdemir Z.; Wimmer Z.; Recent achievements in medicinal and supramolecular chemistry of betulinic acid and its derivatives. Molecules 2019,24(19),3546
doi: 10.3390/molecules24193546 pubmed: 31574991
Wen C.C.; Kuo Y.H.; Jan J.T.; Liang P.H.; Wang S.Y.; Liu H.G.; Lee C.K.; Chang S.T.; Kuo C.J.; Lee S.S.; Hou C.C.; Hsiao P.W.; Chien S.C.; Shyur L.F.; Yang N.S.; Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Med Chem 2007,50(17),4087-4095
doi: 10.1021/jm070295s pubmed: 17663539
Pillaiyar T.; Manickam M.; Namasivayam V.; Hayashi Y.; Jung S.H.; An overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3CL protease inhibitors: Peptidomimetics and small molecule chemotherapy. J Med Chem 2016,59(14),6595-6628
doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01461 pubmed: 26878082
Verma S.; Twilley D.; Esmear T.; Oosthuizen C.B.; Reid A.M.; Nel M.; Lall N.; Anti-SARS-CoV natural products with the potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Front Pharmacol 2020,11,561334
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.561334 pubmed: 33101023
Kim D.W.; Seo K.H.; Curtis-Long M.J.; Oh K.Y.; Oh J.W.; Cho J.K.; Lee K.H.; Park K.H.; Phenolic phytochemical displaying SARS-CoV papain-like protease inhibition from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014,29(1),59-63
doi: 10.3109/14756366.2012.753591 pubmed: 23323951
Ryu Y.B.; Jeong H.J.; Kim J.H.; Kim Y.M.; Park J.Y.; Kim D.; Naguyen T.T.H.; Park S.J.; Chang J.S.; Park K.H.; Rho M-C.; Lee W.S.; Biflavonoids from Torreya nucifera displaying SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem 2010,18(22),7940-7947
doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.09.035 pubmed: 20934345
Hamburger M.; Isatis tinctoria – From the rediscovery of an ancient medicinal plant towards a novel anti-inflammatory phytopharmaceutical. Phytochem Rev 2002,1(3),333-344
doi: 10.1023/A:1026095608691
Lin C.W.; Tsai F.J.; Tsai C.H.; Lai C.C.; Wan L.; Ho T.Y.; Hsieh C.C.; Chao P.D.L.; Anti-SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease effects of Isatis indigotica root and plant-derived phenolic compounds. Antiviral Res 2005,68(1),36-42
doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2005.07.002 pubmed: 16115693
Murakami S.; Kotomo S.; Ozawa M.; Baba K.; Novel chalcone derivative as antiulcer agent. Patent Japan Kokai Koho 04 1992
Fujita T.; Sakuma S.; Sumiya T.; Nishida H.; Fujimoto Y.; Baba K.; Kozawa M.; The effects of xanthoangelol E on arachidonic acid metabolism in the gastric antral mucosa and platelet of the rabbit. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 1992,77(2),227-240
pubmed: 1439191
Matsuura M.; Kimura Y.; Nakata K.; Baba K.; Okuda H.; Artery relaxation by chalcones isolated from the roots of Angelica keiskei. Planta Med 2001,67(3),230-235
doi: 10.1055/s-2001-12011 pubmed: 11345693
Nakata K.; Baba K.; Histamine release-inhibiting activity of Angelica keiskei. Nat Med 2001,55,32-34
Kil Y.S.; Pham S.T.; Seo E.K.; Jafari M.; Angelica keiskei, an emerging medicinal herb with various bioactive constituents and biological activities. Arch Pharm Res 2017,40(6),655-675
doi: 10.1007/s12272-017-0892-3 pubmed: 28439780
Park J.Y.; Ko J.A.; Kim D.W.; Kim Y.M.; Kwon H.J.; Jeong H.J.; Kim C.Y.; Park K.H.; Lee W.S.; Ryu Y.B.; Chalcones isolated from Angelica keiskei inhibit cysteine proteases of SARS-CoV. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016,31(1),23-30
doi: 10.3109/14756366.2014.1003215 pubmed: 25683083
Shree P.; Mishra P.; Selvaraj C.; Singh S.K.; Chaube R.; Garg N.; Tripathi Y.B.; Targeting COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease through active phytochemicals of ayurvedic medicinal plants – Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) – a molecular docking study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022,40(1),190-203
doi: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1810778 pubmed: 32851919
Murugesan S.; Kottekad S.; Crasta I.; Sreevathsan S.; Usharani D.; Perumal M.K.; Mudliar S.N.; Targeting COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease through active phytocompounds of ayurvedic medicinal plants – Emblica officinalis (Amla), Phyllanthus niruri Linn. (Bhumi Amla) and Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) – A molecular docking and simulation study. Comput Biol Med 2021,136,104683
doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104683 pubmed: 34329860
Aanouz I.; Belhassan A.; El-Khatabi K.; Lakhlifi T.; El-ldrissi M.; Bouachrine M.; Moroccan medicinal plants as inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: Computational investigations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021,39(8),2971-2979
doi: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1758790 pubmed: 32306860
Ngo S.T.; Quynh Anh Pham N.; Thi Le L.; Pham D.H.; Vu V.V.; Computational determination of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease. J Chem Inf Model 2020,60(12),5771-5780
doi: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00491 pubmed: 32530282
Khan A.; Ali S.S.; Khan M.T.; Saleem S.; Ali A.; Suleman M.; Babar Z.; Shafiq A.; Khan M.; Wei D.Q.; Combined drug repurposing and virtual screening strategies with molecular dynamics simulation identified potent inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021,39(13),4659-4670
doi: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1779128 pubmed: 32552361
Khan A.; Heng W.; Wang Y.; Qiu J.; Wei X.; Peng S.; Saleem S.; Khan M.; Ali S.S.; Wei D.Q.; In silico and in vitro evaluation of kaempferol as a potential inhibitor of the SARS‐COV‐2 main protease (3CLPRO). Phytother Res 2021,35(6),2841-2845
doi: 10.1002/ptr.6998 pubmed: 33448101
Nguyen T.T.H.; Woo H.J.; Kang H.K.; Nguyen V.D.; Kim Y.M.; Kim D.W.; Ahn S.A.; Xia Y.; Kim D.; Flavonoid-mediated inhibition of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease expressed in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Lett 2012,34(5),831-838
doi: 10.1007/s10529-011-0845-8 pubmed: 22350287
Ghosh R.; Chakraborty A.; Biswas A.; Chowdhuri D.S.; Evaluation of green tea polyphenols as novel corona virus (SARS CoV-2) main protease (Mpro) inhibitors – an in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulation study. J Biomol Struct Dyn ,39(12),4362-4374
pubmed: 32568613
Kar P.; Kumar V.; Vellingiri B.; Sen A.; Jaishee N.; Anandraj A.; Malhotra H.; Bhattacharyya S.; Mukhopadhyay S.; Kinoshita M.; Govindasamy V.; Anisotine and amarogentin as promising inhibitory candidates against SARS-CoV-2 proteins: A computational investigation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022,40(10),4532-4542
pubmed: 33305988
Gentile D.; Patamia V.; Scala A.; Sciortino M.T.; Piperno A.; Rescifina A.; Putative inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease from a library of marine natural products: A virtual screening and molecular modeling study. Mar Drugs 2020,18(4),225
doi: 10.3390/md18040225 pubmed: 32340389
Vivek-Ananth R.P.; Krishnaswamy S.; Samal A.; Potential phytochemical inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase Nsp13: A molecular docking and dynamic simulation study. Mol Divers 2022,26(1),429-442
doi: 10.1007/s11030-021-10251-1 pubmed: 34117992
Häkkinen S.H.; Kärenlampi S.O.; Heinonen I.M.; Mykkänen H.M.; Törrönen A.R.; Content of the flavonols quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol in 25 edible berries. J Agric Food Chem 1999,47(6),2274-2279
doi: 10.1021/jf9811065 pubmed: 10794622
Miean K.H.; Mohamed S.; Flavonoid (myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and apigenin) content of edible tropical plants. J Agric Food Chem 2001,49(6),3106-3112
doi: 10.1021/jf000892m pubmed: 11410016
Yu M.S.; Lee J.; Lee J.M.; Kim Y.; Chin Y.W.; Jee J.G.; Keum Y.S.; Jeong Y.J.; Identification of myricetin and scutellarein as novel chemical inhibitors of the SARS coronavirus helicase, nsP13. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012,22(12),4049-4054
doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.081 pubmed: 22578462
Mani J.S.; Johnson J.B.; Steel J.C.; Broszczak D.A.; Neilsen P.M.; Walsh K.B.; Naiker M.; Natural product-derived phytochemicals as potential agents against coronaviruses: A review. Virus Res 2020,284,197989
doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197989 pubmed: 32360300
Yang Z.F.; Bai L.P.; Huang W.; Li X.Z.; Zhao S.S.; Zhong N.S.; Jiang Z.H.; Comparison of in vitro antiviral activity of tea polyphenols against influenza A and B viruses and structure–activity relationship analysis. Fitoterapia 2014,93,47-53
doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.12.011 pubmed: 24370660
Chowdhury P.; Sahuc M.E.; Rouillé Y.; Rivière C.; Bonneau N.; Vandeputte A.; Brodin P.; Goswami M.; Bandyopadhyay T.; Dubuisson J.; Séron K.; Theaflavins, polyphenols of black tea, inhibit entry of hepatitis C virus in cell culture. PLoS One 2018,13(11),e0198226
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198226 pubmed: 30485282
Lung J.; Lin Y.S.; Yang Y.H.; Chou Y.L.; Shu L.H.; Cheng Y.C.; Liu H.T.; Wu C.Y.; The potential chemical structure of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase. J Med Virol 2020,92(6),693-697
doi: 10.1002/jmv.25761 pubmed: 32167173
Singh S.; Md Sk F.; Sonawane A.; Kar P.; Sadhukhan S.; Plant-derived natural polyphenols as potential antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibition: An in-silico analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020
pubmed: 32720577
Ahmed-Belkacem A.; Guichou J.F.; Brillet R.; Ahnou N.; Hernandez E.; Pallier C.; Pawlotsky J.M.; Inhibition of RNA binding to hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: A new mechanism for antiviral intervention. Nucleic Acids Res 2014,42(14),9399-9409
doi: 10.1093/nar/gku632 pubmed: 25053847
Koulgi S.; Jani V.; Uppuladinne V.N, M.; Sonavane U.; Joshi R.; Natural plant products as potential inhibitors of RNA dependent RNA polymerase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. PLoS One 2021,16(5),e0251801
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251801 pubmed: 33984041
Molavi Z.; Razi S.; Mirmotalebisohi S.A.; Adibi A.; Sameni M.; Karami F.; Niazi V.; Niknam Z.; Aliashrafi M.; Taheri M.; Ghafouri-Fard S.; Jeibouei S.; Mahdian S.; Zali H.; Ranjbar M.M.; Yazdani M.; Identification of FDA approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), drug repurposing approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2021,138,111544
doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111544 pubmed: 34311539
Borquaye L.S.; Gasu E.N.; Ampomah G.B.; Kyei L.K.; Amarh M.A.; Mensah C.N.; Nartey D.; Commodore M.; Adomako A.K.; Acheampong P.; Mensah J.O.; Mormor D.B.; Aboagye C.I.; Alkaloids from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins: An in silico study. BioMed Res Int 2020,2020,5324560
doi: 10.1155/2020/5324560 pubmed: 33029513
Bhardwaj V.K.; Singh R.; Sharma J.; Rajendran V.; Purohit R.; Kumar S.; Identification of bioactive molecules from Tea plant as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020,39(10),3449-3458
pubmed: 32397940
Cory H.; Passarelli S.; Szeto J.; Tamez M.; Mattei J.; The role of polyphenols in human health and food systems: A mini-review. Front Nutr 2018,5,87
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00087 pubmed: 30298133
Kushwaha P.P.; Singh A.K.; Bansal T.; Yadav A.; Prajapati K.S.; Shuaib M.; Kumar S.; Identification of natural inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 drugable targets using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and MM-PBSA approach. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021,11,730288
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.730288 pubmed: 34458164
Srikanth L.; Sarma P.V.G.K.; Andrographolide binds to spike glycoprotein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NSP12) of SARS-CoV-2 by in silico approach: A probable molecule in the development of anti-coronaviral drug. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021,19(1),101
doi: 10.1186/s43141-021-00201-7 pubmed: 34255214
Enmozhi S.K.; Raja K.; Sebastine I.; Joseph J.; Andrographolide as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: An in silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020,1-7
doi: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1760136 pubmed: 32329419
Carneiro B.M.; Batista M.N.; Braga A.C.S.; Nogueira M.L.; Rahal P.; The green tea molecule EGCG inhibits Zika virus entry. Virology 2016,496,215-218
doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.06.012 pubmed: 27344138
Moon Y.J.; Morris M.E.; Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of the bioflavonoid biochanin A: Effects of quercetin and EGCG on biochanin A disposition in rats. Mol Pharm 2007,4(6),865-872
doi: 10.1021/mp7000928 pubmed: 17970592
Xiao T.; Cui M.; Zheng C.; Wang M.; Sun R.; Gao D.; Bao J.; Ren S.; Yang B.; Lin J.; Li X.; Li D.; Yang C.; Zhou H.; Myricetin inhibits SARS-CoV-2 viral replication by targeting Mpro and ameliorates pulmonary inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2021,12,669642
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.669642 pubmed: 34220507
da Silva F.M.A.; da Silva K.P.A.; de Oliveira L.P.M.; Costa E.V.; Koolen H.H.F.; Pinheiro M.L.B.; de Souza A.Q.L.; de Souza A.D.L.; Flavonoid glycosides and their putative human metabolites as potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020,115,e200207
doi: 10.1590/0074-02760200207 pubmed: 33027419

Auteurs

Rishita Dey (R)

Department of Zoology, Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Lab., University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University), Kashipur, 244713, India.

Asmita Samadder (A)

Department of Zoology, Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Lab., University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India.

Sisir Nandi (S)

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University), Kashipur, 244713, India.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH