[Hot topic of cranial vertebral surgery: the surgical plan of type A basilar invagination].

Regarding the treatment of type A basilar invagination, there is a debate between the combination of anterior and posterior surgery and posterior fixation. The author's personal opinion on the hot topic of cranial vertebral surgery: the surgical plan of type A basilar invagination is expressed in this article. Overall, the combined anterior-posterior approach is applicable in almost all cases of type A basilar invagination, regardless of how severe atlantoaxial dislocation, and simple posterior surgery is only in cases where atlantoaxial dislocation is not very severe. The anterior-posterior combined surgery has two incisions, and the risk of postoperative infection is higher than for posterior surgery alone. If the patient has no spinal cord symptoms, only posterior surgery is acceptable, even if no anatomical reduction can be achieved. If there is a more severe spinal cord dysfunction, or a large syringomyelia, anterior atlantoaxial release is necessary to ensure achieving anatomical reduction and restoring the normal morphology of the cervical spinal cord. 关于A型颅底凹陷的治疗，经口松解、后路固定的前后路联合手术与单纯后路复位固定术这两种手术方案孰优孰劣存在争论。本文就颅椎外科的热点话题：A型颅底凹陷症的手术方案提出笔者的观点。总的来说，前后路联合手术几乎适用于全部A型颅底凹陷病例，无论寰枢关节脱位有多么严重，而单纯后路手术仅适用于寰枢关节脱位不很严重的病例。前后路联合手术有两个切口，且术后感染的风险比单纯后路手术高。患者若无脊髓症状，仅做后路手术，即使不能达到解剖复位，也是可以接受的。若有比较严重的脊髓功能障碍，或合并较大的颈髓空洞，就应经口松解，以实现解剖复位，恢复颈髓的正常形态。.