Combining Phi6 as a surrogate virus and computational large-eddy simulations to study airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a restaurant.
COVID-19
aerosol transmission
air purifiers
infection-probability
infective viruses
space dividers
Journal
Indoor air
ISSN: 1600-0668
Titre abrégé: Indoor Air
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9423515
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2022
11 2022
Historique:
revised:
30
09
2022
received:
17
06
2022
accepted:
08
10
2022
entrez:
28
11
2022
pubmed:
29
11
2022
medline:
30
11
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
COVID-19 has highlighted the need for indoor risk-reduction strategies. Our aim is to provide information about the virus dispersion and attempts to reduce the infection risk. Indoor transmission was studied simulating a dining situation in a restaurant. Aerosolized Phi6 viruses were detected with several methods. The aerosol dispersion was modeled by using the Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) technique. Three risk-reduction strategies were studied: (1) augmenting ventilation with air purifiers, (2) spatial partitioning with dividers, and (3) combination of 1 and 2. In all simulations infectious viruses were detected throughout the space proving the existence long-distance aerosol transmission indoors. Experimental cumulative virus numbers and LES dispersion results were qualitatively similar. The LES results were further utilized to derive the evolution of infection probability. Air purifiers augmenting the effective ventilation rate by 65% reduced the spatially averaged infection probability by 30%-32%. This relative reduction manifests with approximately 15 min lag as aerosol dispersion only gradually reaches the purifier units. Both viral findings and LES results confirm that spatial partitioning has a negligible effect on the mean infection-probability indoors, but may affect the local levels adversely. Exploitation of high-resolution LES jointly with microbiological measurements enables an informative interpretation of the experimental results and facilitates a more complete risk assessment.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36437671
doi: 10.1111/ina.13165
pmc: PMC10100099
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e13165Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Indoor Air published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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