Antenatal care in Nepal: a qualitative study into missed opportunities in the first trimester.

South Asia focus groups folic acid low-income countries pregnancy care ultrasound scanning

Journal

AJOG global reports
ISSN: 2666-5778
Titre abrégé: AJOG Glob Rep
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101777907

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Nov 2022
Historique:
entrez: 1 12 2022
pubmed: 2 12 2022
medline: 2 12 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Use of timely antenatal care has been identified as key to facilitating healthy pregnancies worldwide. Although considerable investment has been made to enhance maternal health services in Nepal, approximately one-third of women do not attend antenatal care until after the first trimester (late). These women miss out on the benefits of screening and interventions that are most effective in the first trimester. This study aimed to identify the missed opportunities of women who do not attend antenatal care in the first trimester, and to explore some of the factors underlying late attendance and consider potential solutions for minimizing these missed opportunities in the future. This study was conducted in 3 hospitals in Nepal. Focus groups (n=18) with a total of 48 postnatal women and 49 staff members, and 10 individual interviews with stakeholders were conducted. Purposive sampling facilitated the obtainment of a full range of maternity experiences, staff categories, and stakeholder positions. Data were qualitative and analyzed using a thematic approach. Limited awareness among women of the importance of early antenatal care was reported as a key factor behind attendance only after the first trimester. The family and community were described as significant influencers in women's decision-making regarding the timing of antenatal care. The benefits of early ultrasound scanning and effective supplementation in pregnancy were the major missed opportunities. Increasing awareness, reducing cost, and enhancing interprofessional collaboration were suggested as potential methods for improving timely initiation of antenatal care. Limited awareness continues to drive late attendance to antenatal care after the first trimester. Investment in services in the first trimester and community health education campaigns are needed to improve this issue and enhance maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Use of timely antenatal care has been identified as key to facilitating healthy pregnancies worldwide. Although considerable investment has been made to enhance maternal health services in Nepal, approximately one-third of women do not attend antenatal care until after the first trimester (late). These women miss out on the benefits of screening and interventions that are most effective in the first trimester.
OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to identify the missed opportunities of women who do not attend antenatal care in the first trimester, and to explore some of the factors underlying late attendance and consider potential solutions for minimizing these missed opportunities in the future.
STUDY DESIGN METHODS
This study was conducted in 3 hospitals in Nepal. Focus groups (n=18) with a total of 48 postnatal women and 49 staff members, and 10 individual interviews with stakeholders were conducted. Purposive sampling facilitated the obtainment of a full range of maternity experiences, staff categories, and stakeholder positions. Data were qualitative and analyzed using a thematic approach.
RESULTS RESULTS
Limited awareness among women of the importance of early antenatal care was reported as a key factor behind attendance only after the first trimester. The family and community were described as significant influencers in women's decision-making regarding the timing of antenatal care. The benefits of early ultrasound scanning and effective supplementation in pregnancy were the major missed opportunities. Increasing awareness, reducing cost, and enhancing interprofessional collaboration were suggested as potential methods for improving timely initiation of antenatal care.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Limited awareness continues to drive late attendance to antenatal care after the first trimester. Investment in services in the first trimester and community health education campaigns are needed to improve this issue and enhance maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36451897
doi: 10.1016/j.xagr.2022.100127
pii: S2666-5778(22)00075-2
pmc: PMC9703804
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

100127

Informations de copyright

© 2022 The Authors.

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Auteurs

Felicity Greenfield (F)

Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Ms Greenfield).

Mary Lynch (M)

Academic Women's Health Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Ms Lynch and Barnard, Drs Toolan, Burden and Merriel).
North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom (Ms Lynch, Barnard).

Nashna Maharjan (N)

Mother and Infant Research Activities, Kathmandu, Nepal (Ms Maharjan, Dr Manandhar).

Miriam Toolan (M)

Academic Women's Health Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Ms Lynch and Barnard, Drs Toolan, Burden and Merriel).
National Institute for Health and Care Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, United Kingdom (Drs Burden, Toolan).

Katie Barnard (K)

Academic Women's Health Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Ms Lynch and Barnard, Drs Toolan, Burden and Merriel).
North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom (Ms Lynch, Barnard).

Tina Lavender (T)

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom (Dr Lavender).

Michael Larkin (M)

Department of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom (Dr Larkin).

Nisha Rai (N)

Hetauda Hospital, Hetauda, Nepal (Dr Rai).

Meena Thapa (M)

Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal (Dr Thapa).

Deborah M Caldwell (DM)

Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Dr Caldwell).

Christy Burden (C)

Academic Women's Health Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Ms Lynch and Barnard, Drs Toolan, Burden and Merriel).
National Institute for Health and Care Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, United Kingdom (Drs Burden, Toolan).

Dharma S Manandhar (DS)

Mother and Infant Research Activities, Kathmandu, Nepal (Ms Maharjan, Dr Manandhar).

Abi Merriel (A)

Academic Women's Health Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (Ms Lynch and Barnard, Drs Toolan, Burden and Merriel).
Centre for Women's Health Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom (Dr Merriel).

Classifications MeSH