Anti-spike antibody response to the COVID vaccine in lymphoma patients.

Patients with hematologic malignancies have poor outcomes from COVID infection and are less likely to mount an antibody response after COVID infection. This is a retrospective study of adult lymphoma patients who received the COVID vaccine between 12/1/2020 and 11/30/2021. The primary endpoint was a positive anti-COVID spike protein antibody level following the primary COVID vaccination series. The primary vaccination series was defined as 2 doses of the COVID mRNA vaccines or 1 dose of the COVID adenovirus vaccine. Subgroups were compared using Fisher's exact test, and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analyses. A total of 243 patients were included in this study; 72 patients (30%) with indolent lymphomas; 56 patients (23%) with Burkitt's, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) combined; 55 patients (22%) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL); 44 patients (18%) with Hodgkin and T-cell lymphomas (HL/TCL) combined; 12 patients (5%) with mantle cell lymphoma; and 4 patients (2%) with other lymphoma types. One-hundred fifty-eight patients (65%) developed anti-COVID spike protein antibodies after completing the primary COVID vaccination series. Thirty-eight of 46 (83%) patients who received an additional primary shot and had resultant levels produced anti-COVID spike protein antibodies. When compared to other lymphoma types, patients with CLL/SLL had a numerically lower seroconversion rate of 51% following the primary vaccination series whereas patients with HL/TCL appeared to have a robust antibody response with a seropositivity rate of 77% (p = 0.04). Lymphoma patients are capable of mounting a humoral response to the COVID vaccines. Further studies are required to confirm our findings, including whether T-cell immunity would be of clinical relevance in this patient population.

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Copyright: © 2022 Della Pia et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following competing interests: Lori A. Leslie is a consultant, honoraria, and/or member of the speakers bureau for Seattle Genetics, KitePharma, Celgene, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Beigene, Epizyme, Karyopharm, AbbVie, and TG Therapeutics; and is a member of the advisory board for KitePharma, Seattle Genetics, ADC Therapeutics, Janssen, Pharmacyclics, Beigene, AbbVie, AstraZeneca, TG Therapeutics, and Epizyme. Andre H. Goy is a consultant, honoraria, and/or member of the speakers bureau for Pharmacyclics, Janssen, Celgene, Novartis, Hoffman la Roche, Kite, Pharmacyclics/AbbVie, Elsevier’s Practice Update Oncology, Clinical Advances in Hematology & Oncology, Medscape, Physicians Education Resource LLC, Roswell Park, OncLive Peer Exchange, Michael J Hennessey Associates Inc., BMS, Xcenda, MorphoSys, and AstraZeneca; is a member of the advisory board for Janssen, Vincerx Pharma, Kite Pharma, Elsevier’s Practice Update Oncology, Gilead, AbbVie, Pharmacyclics, BMS, AstraZeneca, and Alloplex; is on the board of directors of COTA, Genomic Testing Cooperative; has resilience stock in COTA, Genomic Testing Cooperative, Alloplex, and Resilience; and has received research funding from Janssen, Acerta, Celgene, Constellation, Genentech, Hoffman la Roche, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, MorphoSys, Karyopharm, Kite, Pharmacyclics, AstraZeneca, Verastem, Seattle Genetics, and BMS. Tatyana A. Feldman is a consultant, honoraria, and/or member of the speakers bureau for AbbVie, ADC Therapeutics, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Pharmacyclics, Seattle Genetics, and Takeda; and is a member of the advisory board for AbbVie, ADC Therapeutics, Daiichi Sankyo, Genmab, Karyopharm, KITE, Kyowa Kirin, and Morphosys. Andrew Ip is a consultant, honoraria, and/or member of the speakers bureau for TG Therapeutics and AstraZeneca, and is a member of the advisory board for Secura Bio. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products associated with this research to declare. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials."