Drain fluid cultures can rule in but cannot rule out infection persistence after surgical treatment of periprosthetic joint infections.

Arthroplasty Diagnostic value Drain Infectious arthritis Revision surgery Synovial fluid

Journal

Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association
ISSN: 1436-2023
Titre abrégé: J Orthop Sci
Pays: Japan
ID NLM: 9604934

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 Dec 2022
Historique:
received: 06 08 2022
revised: 28 09 2022
accepted: 16 11 2022
entrez: 3 12 2022
pubmed: 4 12 2022
medline: 4 12 2022
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most common reason for implant failure in arthroplasty. Surgical therapy is essential but there is no standardized guideline to determine infection eradication in multiple-step revision surgery. To date, clinical and laboratory inflammation markers and preoperative arthrocentesis are controversial to evaluate the infection status before reimplantation and therefore are often combined. Drain fluid cultures enable a microbiological analysis without need for further invasive procedure after revision surgery. This retrospective study evaluates the diagnostic performance of drain fluid cultures in diagnosing infection persistence according to the MSIS definition of PJI. Drain samples have been taken after every revision surgery for microbiological testing. Afterwards, the results have been assigned to the infection status according to the diagnostic criteria of the MSIS definition of PJI. 1084 revision surgeries in 183 patients have been included, resulting in a total sample size of 1552 drain fluid cultures. Overall sensitivity was 36.0%, specificity was 90.7% and ROC-AUC was 0.63. Due to a high specificity and a low sensitivity drain fluid cultures can rule in but cannot rule out infection persistence in PJI.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most common reason for implant failure in arthroplasty. Surgical therapy is essential but there is no standardized guideline to determine infection eradication in multiple-step revision surgery. To date, clinical and laboratory inflammation markers and preoperative arthrocentesis are controversial to evaluate the infection status before reimplantation and therefore are often combined. Drain fluid cultures enable a microbiological analysis without need for further invasive procedure after revision surgery. This retrospective study evaluates the diagnostic performance of drain fluid cultures in diagnosing infection persistence according to the MSIS definition of PJI.
METHODS METHODS
Drain samples have been taken after every revision surgery for microbiological testing. Afterwards, the results have been assigned to the infection status according to the diagnostic criteria of the MSIS definition of PJI.
RESULTS RESULTS
1084 revision surgeries in 183 patients have been included, resulting in a total sample size of 1552 drain fluid cultures. Overall sensitivity was 36.0%, specificity was 90.7% and ROC-AUC was 0.63.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Due to a high specificity and a low sensitivity drain fluid cultures can rule in but cannot rule out infection persistence in PJI.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36462996
pii: S0949-2658(22)00327-X
doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2022.11.014
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2022 The Japanese Orthopaedic Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest All authors declare no conflict of interest. The study was funded by German Research Foundation (DFG).

Auteurs

Alena Richter (A)

Orthopaedic Department - DIAKOVERE Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: alena.richter@diakovere.de.

Anna Altemeier (A)

Orthopaedic Department - DIAKOVERE Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: anna.altemeier@diakovere.de.

Mara Hold (M)

Orthopaedic Department - DIAKOVERE Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: mara.hold@diakovere.de.

Stefan Lenhof (S)

Trauma Department - Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str 130625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: slenhof@freenet.de.

Ricarda Stauss (R)

Trauma Department - Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str 130625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: stauss.ricarda@mh-hannover.de.

Max Ettinger (M)

Orthopaedic Department - DIAKOVERE Annastift, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Str. 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: max.ettinger@diakovere.de.

Mohamed Omar (M)

Trauma Department - Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str 130625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: omar.mohamed@mh-hannover.de.

Classifications MeSH