A unique presentation of NLRP3-associated autoinflammatory disease: case report.

Arthritis Autoinflammatory disease CAPS CINCA Case report Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome Eosinophilia NLRP3 NOMID Serositis

Journal

BMC rheumatology
ISSN: 2520-1026
Titre abrégé: BMC Rheumatol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101738571

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
12 Dec 2022
Historique:
received: 02 05 2022
accepted: 09 11 2022
entrez: 12 12 2022
pubmed: 13 12 2022
medline: 13 12 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

NLRP3-associated autoinflammatory diseases (NLRP3-AID) are rare genetic autoinflammatory diseases characterized by chronic inflammation and an urticaria-like rash. We report an unusual presentation of severe NLRP3-AID resulting in a significant diagnostic delay of more than three decades. The patient presented with early-onset serositis as well as prominent peripheral eosinophilia with organ infiltration, in the absence of the classic urticaria-like rash. DNA analysis by next generation sequencing revealed a sporadic class 4 mutation c.1991T > C (p.Met662Thr) in the NLRP3 gene, confirming a diagnosis of NLRP3-AID at 36 years old. Although treatment with anti-interleukin 1 agent led to clinical remission, irreversible sequelae, namely intellectual disability and deafness, remained. This case highlights unique manifestations of NLRP3-AID, namely the absence of urticaria-like rash, eosinophilic organ infiltration, and pseudoseptic serositis. In order to avoid diagnostic delay and its dire consequences, NLRP3-AID should be suspected in patients displaying autoinflammatory features combined with serum and tissue eosinophilia and/or marked serositis, regardless of skin involvement.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
NLRP3-associated autoinflammatory diseases (NLRP3-AID) are rare genetic autoinflammatory diseases characterized by chronic inflammation and an urticaria-like rash. We report an unusual presentation of severe NLRP3-AID resulting in a significant diagnostic delay of more than three decades.
CASE PRESENTATION METHODS
The patient presented with early-onset serositis as well as prominent peripheral eosinophilia with organ infiltration, in the absence of the classic urticaria-like rash. DNA analysis by next generation sequencing revealed a sporadic class 4 mutation c.1991T > C (p.Met662Thr) in the NLRP3 gene, confirming a diagnosis of NLRP3-AID at 36 years old. Although treatment with anti-interleukin 1 agent led to clinical remission, irreversible sequelae, namely intellectual disability and deafness, remained.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
This case highlights unique manifestations of NLRP3-AID, namely the absence of urticaria-like rash, eosinophilic organ infiltration, and pseudoseptic serositis. In order to avoid diagnostic delay and its dire consequences, NLRP3-AID should be suspected in patients displaying autoinflammatory features combined with serum and tissue eosinophilia and/or marked serositis, regardless of skin involvement.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36510304
doi: 10.1186/s41927-022-00321-8
pii: 10.1186/s41927-022-00321-8
pmc: PMC9743682
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

91

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Stéphanie Ducharme-Bénard (S)

Department of General Internal Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montreal, H4J 1C5, QC, Canada. stephanie.ducharme-benard@umontreal.ca.

Guillaume Roberge (G)

Centre d'excellence en maladies vasculaires, Hôpital St-François d'Assise, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, 10 rue de l'Espinay, Quebec, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada.

Hugo Chapdelaine (H)

Department of Allergy and Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110, Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada.

Classifications MeSH