Optimized pressurized hot water extraction, HPLC/LC-MS characterization, and bioactivity of Tetrapleura tetraptera L. dry fruit polyphenols.
HPLC/LC-MS
Tetrapleura tetraptera
antioxidants
biological activity
polyphenols
subcritical water extraction
Journal
Journal of food science
ISSN: 1750-3841
Titre abrégé: J Food Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0014052
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2023
Jan 2023
Historique:
revised:
12
10
2022
received:
20
04
2022
accepted:
24
11
2022
pubmed:
17
12
2022
medline:
14
1
2023
entrez:
16
12
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Despite the global preference for green extraction methods in the recovery of plant bioactives, Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit polyphenols (TTP) are yet to receive considerable attention. For the first time, pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) of TTP was optimized for total phenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) using the Box Behnken design of response surface methodology. Predictor variables were time, temperature, and liquid-to-solid ratio. An optimum solution with a desirability of 0.805 was selected and parameters were 43 min, 220°C, and 60 ml g
Identifiants
pubmed: 36524784
doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.16422
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antioxidants
0
Chlorides
0
Plant Extracts
0
Phenols
0
Water
059QF0KO0R
Polyphenols
0
Gallic Acid
632XD903SP
Rutin
5G06TVY3R7
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
175-192Informations de copyright
© 2022 Institute of Food Technologists.
Références
Achi, O. (2010). Composition and antibacterial activities of Tetrapleura tetraptera Taub. pod extracts. Research Journal of Microbiology, 5(11), 1138-1144. http://doi.org/10.3923/jm.2006.416.422
Adesina, S. K., Iwalewa, E. O., & Johnny, I. I. (2016). Tetrapleura tetraptera Taub-ethnopharmacology, chemistry, medicinal and nutritional values-a review. British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12(3), 1-22. http://doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2016/26554
Adusei, S., Otchere, J. K., Oteng, P., Mensah, R. Q., & Tei-Mensah, E. (2019). Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and metal chelating capacity of Tetrapleura tetraptera. Heliyon, 5(11), e02762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02762
Akin-Idowu, P. E., Ibitoye, D. O., Ademoyegun, O. T., & Adeniyi, O. T. (2011). Chemical composition of the dry fruit of Tetrapleura tetraptera and its potential impact on human health. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 17(1), 52-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2011.560087
Aliakbarian, B., Fathi, A., Perego, P., & Dehghani, F. (2012). Extraction of antioxidants from winery wastes using subcritical water. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 65, 18-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2012.02.022
Amoo, S., Ojo, A., & Van Staden, J. (2008). Allelopathic potential of Tetrapleura tetraptera leaf extracts on early seedling growth of five agricultural crops. South African Journal of Botany, 74(1), 149-152. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2007.08.010
Anwar, S., Speciale, A., Fratantonio, D., Cristani, M., Saija, A., Virgili, F., & Cimino, F. (2014). Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside modulates intracellular redox status and prevents HIF-1 stabilization in endothelial cells in vitro exposed to chronic hypoxia. Toxicology Letters, 226(2), 206-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.01.048
Ardali, F. R., Sharifan, A., zadeh Mousavi, S. M. A. E., Mortazavian, A. M., & Jannat, B. (2021). The functional properties of rice protein isolate extracted by subcritical water. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 11(2), e3550. https://doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.3550
Atawodi, S. E.-O., Yakubu, O. E., Liman, M. L., & Iliemene, D. U. (2014). Effect of methanolic extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum and Thonn) Taub leaves on hyperglycemia and indices of diabetic complications in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4(4), 272-278. https://doi.org/10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C73
Aziza, S., Mel-S, A., & El-Shall, S. K. (2014). Ameliorating role of rutin on oxidative stress induced by iron overload in hepatic tissue of rats. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences: PJBS, 17(8), 964-977. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2014.964.977
Badhani, B., Sharma, N., & Kakkar, R. (2015). Gallic acid: A versatile antioxidant with promising therapeutic and industrial applications. RSC Advances, 5(35), 27540-27557. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA01911G
Bahuguna, A., Khan, I., Bajpai, V. K., & Kang, S. C. (2017). MTT assay to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of a drug. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, 12(2), 115-118. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v12i2.30892
Cheng, Y., Xue, F., Yu, S., Du, S., & Yang, Y. (2021). Subcritical water extraction of natural products. Molecules, 26(13), 4004. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26134004
Davinelli, S., De Stefani, D., De Vivo, I., & Scapagnini, G. (2020). Polyphenols as caloric restriction mimetics regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 31(7), 536-550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2020.02.011
Doctor, N., Parker, G., Vang, K., Smith, M., Kayan, B., & Yang, Y. (2020). Stability and extraction of vanillin and coumarin under subcritical water conditions. Molecules, 25(5), 1061. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051061
Dzah, C. S. (2014). Influence of fruit maturity on antioxidant potential and chilling injury resistance of peach fruit (Prunus persica) during cold storage. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 14(7), 9578-9591. https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.67.13600
Dzah, C. S., Duan, Y., Zhang, H., Authur, D. A., & Ma, H. (2020). Ultrasound-, subcritical water- and ultrasound assisted subcritical water-derived Tartary buckwheat polyphenols show superior antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity in human liver carcinoma cells. Food Research International, 137, 109598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109598
Dzah, C. S., Duan, Y., Zhang, H., Boateng, N. A. S., & Ma, H. (2020). Ultrasound-induced lipid peroxidation: Effects on phenol content and extraction kinetics and antioxidant activity of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) water extract. Food Bioscience, 37, 100719. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100719
Dzah, C. S., Duan, Y., Zhang, H., Golly, M. K., & Ma, H. (2019). Enhanced screening of key ultrasonication parameters: Total phenol content and antioxidant activity assessment of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) water extract. Separation Science and Technology, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2019.1675704
Dzah, C. S., Duan, Y., Zhang, H., Wen, C., Zhang, J., Chen, G., & Ma, H. (2020). The effects of ultrasound assisted extraction on yield, antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activity of polyphenol extracts: A review. Food Bioscience, 100547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100547
Dzah, C. S. (2022). Optimized ultrasound-assisted recovery, HPLC/LC-MS identification and biological activities of Tetrapleura tetraptera L. dry fruit polyphenols. Food Chemistry Advances, 1, 100093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2022.100093
Ebana, R., Edet, U., Ekanemesang, U., Ikon, G., Etok, C., & Edet, A. (2016). Antimicrobial activity, phytochemical screening and nutrient analysis of Tetrapleura tetraptera and Piper guineense. Asian Journal of Medicine and Health, 1(3), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJMAH/2016/29362
Ekwenye, U. N., & Okorie, C. F. (2010). Antibacterial activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera Taub. pod extracts. International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 1, 734-741. http://doi.org/10.15761/RRI.1000165
Enomoto, H., Tachiki, H., Shimada, T., Nagatsuka, S.-I., & Nakashima, M. (2015). Identification of possible biomarker genes for drug-induced liver injury using chimeric PXB-mouse® with highly humanized liver. Toxicology Letters, 238(2), S250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.724
Erukainure, O. L., Onifade, O. F., Odjobo, B. O., Olasehinde, T. A., Adesioye, T. A., Tugbobo-Amisu, A. O., Adenekan, S. O., & Okonrokwo, G. I. (2017). Ethanol extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit peels: Chemical characterization, and antioxidant potentials against free radicals and lipid peroxidation in hepatic tissues. Journal of Taibah University for Science, 11(6), 861-867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtusci.2017.03.007
Fokouo, R. D. Y., Fokou, P. V. T., Mbouna, C. D. J., & Boyom, F. F. (2020). Antidermatophyte activity of Syzygium aromaticum, Petroselinum crispum, and Tetrapleura tetraptera. Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBRJ), 4(1), 55.
Fouad, M., Agha, A., Merzabani, M. A., & Shouman, S. (2013). Resveratrol inhibits proliferation, angiogenesis and induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells: Calorie restriction is the force to the cytotoxicity. Human & Experimental Toxicology, 32(10), 1067-1080. https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327113475679
García-Marino, M., Rivas-Gonzalo, J. C., Ibáñez, E., & García-Moreno, C. (2006). Recovery of catechins and proanthocyanidins from winery by-products using subcritical water extraction. Analytica Chimica Acta, 563(1-2), 44-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2005.10.054
Gbadamosi, I., & Oyedele, T. (2012). The efficacy of seven ethnobotanicals in the treatment of skin infections in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(16), 3928-3934. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.1291
Guthrie, F., Wang, Y., Neeve, N., Quek, S. Y., Mohammadi, K., & Baroutian, S. (2020). Recovery of phenolic antioxidants from green kiwifruit peel using subcritical water extraction. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 122, 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2020.05.002
Hazafa, A., Rehman, K.-U.-., Jahan, N., & Jabeen, Z. (2020). The role of polyphenol (flavonoids) compounds in the treatment of cancer cells. Nutrition and Cancer, 72(3), 386-397. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2019.1637006
Hundal, M. K., Jnagal, S., & Khanduja, K. L. (1997). Influence of gallic acid and propylgallate on antioxidant defense systems and lipid peroxidation in mice. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 22(3), 155-161. https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.22.155
Irondi, E. A., Oboh, G., Agboola, S. O., Boligon, A. A., & Athayde, M. L. (2016). Phenolics extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit inhibits xanthine oxidase and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in the kidney, liver, and lungs tissues of rats in vitro. Food Science and Human Wellness, 5(1), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2015.11.001
Iwu, M. M. (2014). Pharmacognostical profile of selected medicinal plants. In Handbook of African medicinal plants (pp. 125-380). CRC Press.
Ju, Z., & Howard, L. R. (2005). Subcritical water and sulfured water extraction of anthocyanins and other phenolics from dried red grape skin. Journal of Food Science, 70(4), S270-S276. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb07202.x
Jyothi, R. K., & Parhi, P. K. (2021). Clean coal technologies: Beneficiation, utilization, transport phenomena and prospective. Springer Nature.
Kemigisha, E., Owusu, E. O., Elusiyan, C. A., Omujal, F., Tweheyo, M., & Bosu, P. P. (2018). Tetrapleura tetraptera in Ghana, Nigeria and Uganda: Households uses and local market. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 27(4), 243-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2018.1498027
Komlaga, G., Agyare, C., Dickson, R. A., Mensah, M. L. K., Annan, K., Loiseau, P. M., & Champy, P. (2015). Medicinal plants and finished marketed herbal products used in the treatment of malaria in the Ashanti region, Ghana. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 172, 333-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.041
Kuate, D., Kengne, A. P. N., Biapa, C. P. N., Azantsa, B. G. K., & Wan Muda, W. A. M. B. (2015). Tetrapleura tetraptera spice attenuates high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-induced obese and type 2 diabetic rats with metabolic syndrome features. Lipids in Health and Disease, 14, 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-015-0051-0
La Casa, C., Villegas, I., Alarcón de la Lastra, C., Motilva, V., & Calero, M. M. (2000). Evidence for protective and antioxidant properties of rutin, a natural flavone, against ethanol induced gastric lesions. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 71(1-2), 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(99)00174-9
Lekana-Douki, J. B., Oyegue Liabagui, S. L., Bongui, J. B., Zatra, R., Lebibi, J., & Toure-Ndouo, F. S. (2011). In vitro antiplasmodial activity of crude extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera and Copaifera religiosa. BMC Research Notes, 4, 506. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-506
Li, Q., Qiu, Y., Mao, M., Lv, J., Zhang, L., Li, S., Li, S., & Zheng, X. (2014). Antioxidant mechanism of rutin on hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial cell proliferation. Molecules, 19(11), 19036-19049. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191119036
Liu, D., Pan, F., Liu, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, T., Wang, E., & Liu, J. (2016). Individual and combined antioxidant effects of ginsenoside F2 and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. RSC Advances, 6(84), 81092-81100. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA14831J
Loarce, L., Oliver-Simancas, R., Marchante, L., Díaz-Maroto, M., & Alañón, M. (2020). Implementation of subcritical water extraction with natural deep eutectic solvents for sustainable extraction of phenolic compounds from winemaking by-products. Food Research International, 137, 109728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109728
Manga, E., Brostaux, Y., Ngondi, J., & Sindic, M. (2020). Optimisation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity extraction conditions of a roasted mix of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach & Thonn.) and Aframomum citratum (C. Pereira) fruits using response surface methodology (RSM). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 27(8), 2054-2064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.05.003
Mbaveng, A. T., Chi, G. F., Bonsou, I. N., Ombito, J. O., Yeboah, S. O., Kuete, V., & Efferth, T. (2021). Cytotoxic phytochemicals from the crude extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits towards multi-factorial drug resistant cancer cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 267, 113632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113632
Meng, L.-s., Li, B., Li, D.-n., Wang, Y.-h., Lin, Y., Meng, X.-j., Sun, X.-y., & Liu, N. (2017). Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside attenuates amyloid-beta (1-40)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells through a Nrf2 mechanism. Journal of Functional Foods, 38, 474-485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.025
Munir, M., Kheirkhah, H., Baroutian, S., Quek, S. Y., & Young, B. R. (2018). Subcritical water extraction of bioactive compounds from waste onion skin. Journal of Cleaner Production, 183, 487-494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.166
Nwoba, E. (2015). Proximate and phytochemical composition of the pulp of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits consumed in Abakaliki, Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 4(6), 1286-1294.
Obeng, A. W., Boakye, Y. D., Agana, T. A., Djameh, G. I., Boamah, D., & Adu, F. (2021). Anti-trypanosomal and anthelminthic properties of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera Taub. Veterinary Parasitology, 294, 109449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109449
Odubanjo, V. O., Ibukun, E. O., Oboh, G., & Adefegha, S. A. (2018). Aqueous extracts of two tropical ethnobotanicals (Tetrapleura tetraptera and Quassia undulata) improved spatial and non-spatial working memories in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats: Influence of neuronal cholinergic and antioxidant systems. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 99, 198-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.043
Ojewole, J. A. (2005). Analgesic and anticonvulsant properties of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Taub) (Fabaceae) fruit aqueous extract in mice. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives, 19(12), 1023-1029. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1779
Ojewole, J. A., & Adewunmi, C. O. (2004). Anti-inflammatory and hypoglycaemic effects of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Taub) (Fabaceae) fruit aqueous extract in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 95(2-3), 177-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.06.026
Okokon, J. E., Udokpoh, A. E., & Antia, B. S. (2007). Antimalaria activity of ethanolic extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 111(3), 537-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.12.030
Omonkhua, A., Adebayo, E., Saliu, J., Adeyelu, T., Ogunwa, T., & Omonkhua, A. A. (2014). Effect of aqueous root bark extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Taub) on blood glucose and lipid profile of streptozotocin diabetic rats. Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine, 24(4), 279-283.
Otimanam, H., Tologbonse, A. A., Onwuka, N. A., & Usen, W. (2020). Cutaneous wound healing activity of herbal ointment containing Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit extract. Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Science Research, 9(2), 1-7.
Ouyang, Q., Kou, F., Zhang, N., Lian, J., Tu, G., & Fang, Z. (2019). Tea polyphenols promote Fenton-like reaction: pH self-driving chelation and reduction mechanism. Chemical Engineering Journal, 366, 514-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.078
Owuama, C. I. (2017). Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using a novel dilution tube method. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 11(23), 977-980. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR2017.8545
Ozel, M. Z., Gogus, F., & Lewis, A. C. (2003). Subcritical water extraction of essential oils from Thymbra spicata. Food Chemistry, 82(3), 381-386. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00558-7
Pallauf, K., & Rimbach, G. (2013). Autophagy, polyphenols and healthy ageing. Ageing Research Reviews, 12(1), 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2012.03.008
Park, W., Chang, M. S., Kim, H., Choi, H. Y., Yang, W. M., Park, E. H., & Park, S. K. (2008). Cytotoxic effect of gallic acid on testicular cell lines with increasing H2O2 level in GC-1 spg cells. Toxicology in Vitro, 22(1), 159-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.010
Pinela, J., Prieto, M., Pereira, E., Jabeur, I., Barreiro, M. F., Barros, L., & Ferreira, I. C. (2019). Optimization of heat-and ultrasound-assisted extraction of anthocyanins from Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces for natural food colorants. Food Chemistry, 275, 309-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.118
Queen, B. L., & Tollefsbol, T. O. (2010). Polyphenols and aging. Current Aging Science, 3(1), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874609811003010034
Salami, A., Asefi, N., Kenari, R. E., & Gharekhani, M. (2021). Extraction of pumpkin peel extract using supercritical CO2 and subcritical water technology: Enhancing oxidative stability of canola oil. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 58(3), 1101-1109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-020-04624-x
Sarfarazi, M., Jafari, S. M., Rajabzadeh, G., & Feizi, J. (2019). Development of an environmentally-friendly solvent-free extraction of saffron bioactives using subcritical water. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 114, 108428. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108428
Seiyaboh, E. I., Odubo, T. C., & Izah, S. C. (2020). Larvicidal activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum and Thonn) Taubert (Mimosaceae) extracts against Anopheles gambiae. International Journal of Advanced Research in Microbiology and Immunology, 2(1), 20-25.
Singh, P. P., & Saldaña, M. D. (2011). Subcritical water extraction of phenolic compounds from potato peel. Food Research International, 44(8), 2452-2458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.02.006
Sonibare, M. A., Onda, E. E., Ajayi, A. M., & Umukoro, S. (2015). In vitro antioxidant and membrane stabilization activities of fruit extract and fractions of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach & Thonn.) Taub. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioresources, 12, 95-105. https://doi.org/10.4314/jpb.v12i2.3
Speciale, A., Anwar, S., Canali, R., Chirafisi, J., Saija, A., Virgili, F., & Cimino, F. (2013). Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside counters the response to TNF-alpha of endothelial cells by activating Nrf2 pathway. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 57(11), 1979-1987. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201300102
Tian, L., Zhang, S., Yi, J., Zhu, Z., Cui, L., Decker, E. A., & McClements, D. J. (2022). Antioxidant and prooxidant activities of tea polyphenols in oil-in-water emulsions depend on the level used and the location of proteins. Food Chemistry, 375, 131672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131672
Wang, S.-w., Wang, Y.-J., Su, Y.-j., Zhou, W.-w., Yang, S.-g., Zhang, R., Zhao, M., Li, Y.-n., Zhang, Z.-p., & Zhan, D.-w (2012). Rutin inhibits β-amyloid aggregation and cytotoxicity, attenuates oxidative stress, and decreases the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines. Neurotoxicology, 33(3), 482-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2012.03.003
Yan, Z., Zhang, H., Dzah, C. S., Zhang, J., Diao, C., Ma, H., & Duan, Y. (2020). Subcritical water extraction, identification, antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of polyphenols from lotus seedpod. Separation and Purification Technology, 236, 116217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116217
Yang, J., Guo, J., & Yuan, J. (2008). In vitro antioxidant properties of rutin. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 41(6), 1060-1066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2007.06.010
Yessenkyzy, A., Saliev, T., Zhanaliyeva, M., Masoud, A.-R., Umbayev, B., Sergazy, S., Krivykh, E., Gulyayev, A., & Nurgozhin, T. (2020). Polyphenols as caloric-restriction mimetics and autophagy inducers in aging research. Nutrients, 12(5), 1344. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051344
Zhang, J., Wen, C., Chen, M., Gu, J., Zhou, J., Duan, Y., Zhang, H., & Ma, H. (2019). Antioxidant activities of Sagittaria sagittifolia L. polysaccharides with subcritical water extraction. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 134, 172-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.047