Hypothesis of a potential BrainBiota and its relation to CNS autoimmune inflammation.
CNS autoimmunity
bacterial transcripts
brainbiome
brainbiota
gut-brain axis
microbiome
microbiota
smoldering MS
Journal
Frontiers in immunology
ISSN: 1664-3224
Titre abrégé: Front Immunol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101560960
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
13
09
2022
accepted:
16
11
2022
entrez:
19
12
2022
pubmed:
20
12
2022
medline:
21
12
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Infectious agents have been long considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases as part of the interaction between genetic susceptibility and the environment. The role of bacteria in CNS autoimmunity has also been highlighted by changes in the diversity of gut microbiota in patients with neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis, emphasizing the role of the gut-brain axis. We discuss the hypothesis of a brain microbiota, the BrainBiota: bacteria living in symbiosis with brain cells. Existence of various bacteria in the human brain is suggested by morphological evidence, presence of bacterial proteins, metabolites, transcripts and mucosal-associated invariant T cells. Based on our data, we discuss the hypothesis that these bacteria are an integral part of brain development and immune tolerance as well as directly linked to the gut microbiome. We further suggest that changes of the BrainBiota during brain diseases may be the consequence or cause of the chronic inflammation similarly to the gut microbiota.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36532064
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1043579
pmc: PMC9756883
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1043579Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Elkjaer, Simon, Frisch, Bente, Kacprowski, Thomassen, Reynolds, Baumbach, Röttger and Illes.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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