Targets of histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferases.
chromatin
heterochromatin
histone
methylation
methyltransferase
Journal
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology
ISSN: 2296-634X
Titre abrégé: Front Cell Dev Biol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101630250
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
23
08
2022
accepted:
05
10
2022
entrez:
26
12
2022
pubmed:
27
12
2022
medline:
27
12
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Histone H3 lysine 9 di- and trimethylation are well-established marks of constitutively silenced heterochromatin domains found at repetitive DNA elements including pericentromeres, telomeres, and transposons. Loss of heterochromatin at these sites causes genomic instability in the form of aberrant DNA repair, chromosome segregation defects, replication stress, and transposition. H3K9 di- and trimethylation also regulate cell type-specific gene expression during development and form a barrier to cellular reprogramming. However, the role of H3K9 methyltransferases extends beyond histone methylation. There is a growing list of non-histone targets of H3K9 methyltransferases including transcription factors, steroid hormone receptors, histone modifying enzymes, and other chromatin regulatory proteins. Additionally, two classes of H3K9 methyltransferases modulate their own function through automethylation. Here we summarize the structure and function of mammalian H3K9 methyltransferases, their roles in genome regulation and constitutive heterochromatin, as well as the current repertoire of non-histone methylation targets including cases of automethylation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36568972
doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1026406
pii: 1026406
pmc: PMC9768651
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1026406Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Levinsky, McEdwards, Sethna and Currie.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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