Artificial intelligence-driven wearable technologies for neonatal cardiorespiratory monitoring: Part 1 wearable technology.
Journal
Pediatric research
ISSN: 1530-0447
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0100714
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2023
01 2023
Historique:
received:
06
05
2022
accepted:
29
11
2022
revised:
25
10
2022
pubmed:
3
1
2023
medline:
25
2
2023
entrez:
2
1
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
With the development of Artificial Intelligence techniques, smart health monitoring is becoming more popular. In this study, we investigate the trend of wearable sensors being adopted and developed in neonatal cardiorespiratory monitoring. We performed a search of papers published from the year 2000 onwards. We then reviewed the advances in sensor technologies and wearable modalities for this application. Common wearable modalities included clothing (39%); chest/abdominal belts (25%); and adhesive patches (15%). Popular singular physiological information from sensors included electrocardiogram (15%), breathing (24%), oxygen saturation and photoplethysmography (13%). Many studies (46%) incorporated a combination of these signals. There has been extensive research in neonatal cardiorespiratory monitoring using both single and multi-parameter systems. Poor data quality is a common issue and further research into combining multi-sensor information to alleviate this should be investigated. IMPACT STATEMENT: State-of-the-art review of sensor technology for wearable neonatal cardiorespiratory monitoring. Review of the designs for wearable neonatal cardiorespiratory monitoring. The use of multi-sensor information to improve physiological data quality has been limited in past research. Several sensor technologies have been implemented and tested on adults that have yet to be explored in the newborn population.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36593282
doi: 10.1038/s41390-022-02416-x
pii: 10.1038/s41390-022-02416-x
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
413-425Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_PC_15012
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc.
Références
UNICEF. Neonatal mortality. Accessed 12/01/2020, 2020. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/neonatal-mortality/
World Health Organisation. Newborn Death and Illness. Accessed 12/01/2020, 2020. https://www.who.int/pmnch/media/press_materials/fs/fs_newborndealth_illness/en/
World Health Organisation. Newborns: improving survival and well-being. Accessed 12/01/2020, 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/newborns-reducing-mortality
Gleason C. A., Juul S. E. Avery’s diseases of the newborn e-book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2017.
World Health Organisation. Preterm Birth. Accessed 03/23/2022, 2022. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth
Patron, D. et al. On the use of knitted antennas and inductively coupled RFID tags for wearable applications. IEEE Trans. Biomed. circuits Syst. 10, 1047–1057 (2016).
pubmed: 27411227
doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2518871
Mongan W. et al. A multi-disciplinary framework for continuous biomedical monitoring using low-power passive RFID-based wireless wearable sensors. IEEE; 2016:1-6.
Vora S. A. et al. On implementing an unconventional infant vital signs monitor with passive RFID tags. 2017 IEEE International Conference on RFID (RFID) 47–53 (2017).
Acharya, S. et al. Ensemble learning approach via kalman filtering for a passive wearable respiratory monitor. IEEE J. Biomed. health Inform. 23, 1022–1031 (2018).
pubmed: 30040664
pmcid: 6353690
doi: 10.1109/JBHI.2018.2857924
Hansen S. et al. Fusion learning on multiple-tag RFID measurements for respiratory rate monitoring. 2020 IEEE 20th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE); 472–480 2020.
Tajin, M. A. S., Amanatides, C. E., Dion, G. & Dandekar, K. R. Passive UHF RFID-based knitted wearable compression sensor. IEEE internet things J. 8, 13763–13773 (2021).
pubmed: 34722794
pmcid: 8553229
doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3068198
Jakubas, A. & Łada-Tondyra, E. A study on application of the ribbing stitch as sensor of respiratory rhythm in smart clothing designed for infants. J. Text. Inst. 109, 1208–1216 (2018).
doi: 10.1080/00405000.2017.1422308
Munz, M. & Wolf, N. Simulation of breathing patterns and classification of sensor data for the early detection of impending sudden infant death. Curr. Directions Biomed. Eng. 5, 401–403 (2019).
doi: 10.1515/cdbme-2019-0101
Cay G. et al. Baby-Guard: An IoT-based neonatal monitoring system integrated with smart textiles. 2021 IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP); 129–136 (2021).
Altekreeti A. et al. NAPNEA: A cost effective neonatal apnea detection system. IEEE; 2021:113-114.
Cay G. et al. An E-textile respiration sensing system for NICU monitoring: design and validation. J. Signal Process. Syst. 94, 543–557 (2021).
Raknim P., Lan K.-C., Linker Y.-C., Lu Y.-T. Position: On the Use of Low-cost Sensors for Non-intrustive Newborn Sepsis Monitoring. In The 5th ACM Workshop on Wearable Systems and Applications. 2019:39-40.
Clercq H. D., Jourand P., Puers R. Textile integrated monitoring system for breathing rhythm of infants. Springer; 2010:525-528.
Jourand, P., De Clercq, H. & Puers, R. Robust monitoring of vital signs integrated in textile. Sens. Actuators A: Phys. 161, 288–296 (2010).
doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2010.05.002
Raj A. A, Preejith S., Raja V. S., Joseph J., Sivaprakasam M. Clinical validation of a wearable respiratory rate device for neonatal monitoring. 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC); 1628–1631 (2018).
Chung, H. U. et al. Skin-interfaced biosensors for advanced wireless physiological monitoring in neonatal and pediatric intensive-care units. Nat. Med. 26, 418–429 (2020).
pubmed: 32161411
pmcid: 7315772
doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0792-9
Jeong H. et al. Miniaturized wireless, skin-integrated sensor networks for quantifying full-body movement behaviors and vital signs in infants. Pro. Natl. Acad. Sci. 118, 1–10; (2021).
Corbishley, P. & Rodriguez-Villegas, E. Breathing detection: towards a miniaturized, wearable, battery-operated monitoring system. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 55, 196–204 (2007).
doi: 10.1109/TBME.2007.910679
Mandal, S., Turicchia, L. & Sarpeshkar, R. A low-power, battery-free tag for body sensor networks. IEEE Pervasive Comput. 9, 71–77 (2009).
doi: 10.1109/MPRV.2010.1
Agezo S. et al. Battery-free RFID heart rate monitoring system. IEEE; 2016:1-7.
Lavizzari, A. et al. Heart‐rate agreement between ECG and a new, wireless device during early skin‐to‐skin contact. Acta Paediatrica 110, 1803–1809 (2021).
pubmed: 33484017
doi: 10.1111/apa.15769
Nikolova E., Ganev B., Gieva E. Wearable intelligent textile suits for telemetry monitoring in pediatrics. 2021 XXX International Scientific Conference Electronics (ET); 1–6 (2021).
Younessi Herav, M. A. Design and construction of wearable electrocardiogramto monitor cardiac activity in infants. J. North Khorasan Univ. Med. Sci. 5, 1031–1036 (2014).
doi: 10.29252/jnkums.5.5.S5.1031
Ueno A. A system for detecting electrocardiographic potential through underwear worn by an infant from its dorsal surface. In Proc. World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomed. Eng. Vol. 14, 497-500 (2006).
Coosemans, J., Hermans, B. & Puers, R. Integrating wireless ECG monitoring in textiles. Sens. Actuators A: Phys. 130, 48–53 (2006).
doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2005.10.052
Chen W. et al. Design of wireless sensor system for neonatal monitoring. In 2011 4th IFIP International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security. 1–5 (IEEE, 2011).
Catrysse, M. et al. Towards the integration of textile sensors in a wireless monitoring suit. Sens. Actuators A: Phys. 114, 302–311 (2004).
doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2003.10.071
Urdal, J. et al. Automatic identification of stimulation activities during newborn resuscitation using ECG and accelerometer signals. Comput. Methods Prog. Biomed. 193, 105445 (2020).
doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105445
Bouwstra S., Chen W., Oetomo S. B., Feijs L. M., Cluitmans P. J. Designing for reliable textile neonatal ECG monitoring using multi-sensor recordings. 2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society; 2488–2491 (2011).
Laerdal Global Health. Neobeat—Newborn Heart Rate Meter | Laerdal Global Health. Accessed 03/02/2022, 2022. https://shop.laerdalglobalhealth.com/product/neobeat/
Van Leuteren, R. W. et al. Cardiorespiratory monitoring in the delivery room using transcutaneous electromyography. Arch. Dis. Child.-Fetal Neonatal Ed. 106, 352–356 (2021).
pubmed: 33214154
doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319535
van Leuteren, R. W., de Waal, C. G., Hutten, G. J., de Jongh, F. H. & van Kaam, A. H. Transcutaneous monitoring of diaphragm activity as a measure of work of breathing in preterm infants. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 56, 1593–1600 (2021).
pubmed: 33524225
pmcid: 8248030
doi: 10.1002/ppul.25284
van Leuteren, R. W. et al. Diaphragmatic electromyography in preterm infants: the influence of electrode positioning. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 55, 354–359 (2020).
pubmed: 31765520
doi: 10.1002/ppul.24585
Kraaijenga, J. V. et al. Classifying apnea of prematurity by transcutaneous electromyography of the diaphragm. Neonatology 113, 140–145 (2018).
pubmed: 29190622
doi: 10.1159/000484081
Kraaijenga, J. V., Hutten, G. J., de Jongh, F. H. & van Kaam, A. H. Transcutaneous electromyography of the diaphragm: A cardio‐respiratory monitor for preterm infants. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 50, 889–895 (2015).
pubmed: 25327880
doi: 10.1002/ppul.23116
Wu Y., Langlois P., Bayford R., Demosthenous A. Design of a CMOS active electrode IC for wearable electrical impedance tomography systems. 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS); 846–849 (2016).
Wu, Y., Jiang, D., Bardill, A., Bayford, R. & Demosthenous, A. A 122 fps, 1 MHz bandwidth multi-frequency wearable EIT belt featuring novel active electrode architecture for neonatal thorax vital sign monitoring. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst. 13, 927–937 (2019).
pubmed: 31283510
doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2019.2925713
Vahabi, N. et al. Deep analysis of EIT dataset to classify apnea and non-apnea cases in neonatal patients. IEEE Access 9, 25131–25139 (2021).
doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3056558
Olden, C., Symes, E. & Seddon, P. Measuring tidal breathing parameters using a volumetric vest in neonates with and without lung disease. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 45, 1070–1075 (2010).
pubmed: 20872815
doi: 10.1002/ppul.21272
Mahbub I. et al. A low power wireless apnea detection system based on pyroelectric sensor. 2015 IEEE Topical Conference on Biomedical Wireless Technologies, Networks, and Sensing Systems (BioWireleSS); 1–3 (2015).
Mahbub I. et al. Design of a pyroelectric charge amplifier and a piezoelectric energy harvester for a novel non-invasive wearable and self-powered respiratory monitoring system. 2017 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC); 105–108 (2017).
Mahbub I. et al. A low power wearable respiration monitoring sensor using pyroelectric transducer. 017 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM); 1–2 (2017).
Shamsir S. et al. Instrumentation of a pyroelectric transducer based respiration monitoring system with wireless telemetry. 2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC); 1–6 (2018).
Shamsir S., Hassan O., Islam S. K. Smart infant-monitoring system with machine learning model to detect physiological activities and ambient conditions. 2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC); 1–6 (2020).
Kleiser, S. et al. In vivo precision assessment of a near-infrared spectroscopy-based tissue oximeter (OxyPrem v1. 3) in neonates considering systemic hemodynamic fluctuations. J. Biomed. Opt. 23, 067003 (2018).
doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.23.6.067003
Chen W., Ayoola I., Oetomo S. B., Feijs L. Non-invasive blood oxygen saturation monitoring for neonates using reflectance pulse oximeter. 2010 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE 2010); 1530–1535 (2010).
Dave A. J. Wearable Wireless Sensors for Neonatal Health Monitoring in the NICU. California State University, Northridge; 2018.
Dhumal, S., Kumbhar, N., Tak, A. & Shaikh, S. Wearable health monitoring system for babies. Int. J. Computer Eng. Technol. (IJCET) 7, 15–23 (2016).
Ruiz A., Córdova P., Gordón C. Telemedicine system to avoid sudden death syndrome by continuous monitoring of vital signs. 2018 International Conference on eDemocracy & eGovernment (ICEDEG); 212–217 (2018).
Henry, C. et al. Accurate neonatal heart rate monitoring using a new wireless, cap mounted device. Acta Paediatrica 110, 72–78 (2021).
pubmed: 32281685
doi: 10.1111/apa.15303
Datcu M., Luca C., Corciova C. Smart wearable SpO 2 monitor for newborns. Springer; 2019:41-44.
Harris, B. U. et al. Accuracy of a portable pulse oximeter in monitoring hypoxemic infants with cyanotic heart disease. Cardiol. Young-. 29, 1025–1029 (2019).
pubmed: 31304897
doi: 10.1017/S1047951119001355
Surepulse. Products - Surepulse. Accessed 03/17/2022, 2022. https://www.surepulsemedical.com/products/
Rwei, A. Y. et al. A wireless, skin-interfaced biosensor for cerebral hemodynamic monitoring in pediatric care. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 117, 31674–31684 (2020).
pubmed: 33257558
pmcid: 7749320
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2019786117
Inamori G. et al. Wearable multi vital monitor for newborns. 2020 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS); 337–339 (2020).
Inamori, G. et al. Neonatal wearable device for colorimetry-based real-time detection of jaundice with simultaneous sensing of vitals. Sci. Adv. 7, eabe3793 (2021).
pubmed: 33658197
pmcid: 7929506
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3793
Grubb, M. et al. Forehead reflectance photoplethysmography to monitor heart rate: preliminary results from neonatal patients. Physiological Meas. 35, 881 (2014).
doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/35/5/881
Fernandez, M. et al. Evaluation of a new pulse oximeter sensor. Am. J. Crit. Care 16, 146–152 (2007).
pubmed: 17322015
doi: 10.4037/ajcc2007.16.2.146
Berkenbosch, J. W. & Tobias, J. D. Comparison of a new forehead reflectance pulse oximeter sensor with a conventional digit sensor in pediatric patients. Respiratory care 51, 726–731 (2006).
pubmed: 16800905
Owlet. Smart Sock Baby Monitor – Owlet Australia. Accessed 03/02/2022, 2022. https://owletcare.com.au/products/owlet-smart-sock
Bonafide, C. P. et al. Accuracy of pulse oximetry-based home baby monitors. JAMA 320, 717–719 (2018).
pubmed: 30140866
doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.9018
Stiefel A. At-home cardiorespiratory monitors for newborns: helping or hurting parents’ peace of mind. Pediatr. Nursing. 47, 11–16 (2021).
Hariyanti, D. K., Aisyah F. N., Nadia K. V. A. W., Purnamaningsih R. W. Design of a wearable fiber optic respiration sensor for application in NICU incubators. AIP Publishing LLC; 2019:020002.
Bouwstra S., Chen W., Feijs L., Oetomo S. B. Smart jacket design for neonatal monitoring with wearable sensors. 2009 Sixth International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks; 162–167 (2009).
Chen, W. et al. Design of an integrated sensor platform for vital sign monitoring of newborn infants at neonatal intensive care units. J. Healthc. Eng. 1, 535–554 (2010).
doi: 10.1260/2040-2295.1.4.535
Chen W., Sonntag C., Boesten F., Oetomo S. B., Feijs L. A power supply design of body sensor networks for health monitoring of neonates. 2008 International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing; 255–260 (2008).
Chen W., Bouwstra S., Oetomo S. B., Feijs L. Intelligent design for neonatal monitoring with wearable sensors. Intell. Biosens, 386–410 (InTech, 2010).
Chen W., Bouwstra S. Smart jacket design for improving comfort of neonatal monitoring. Neonatal monitoring technologies: design for integrated solutions. IGI Global; 2012:361-385.
Linti, C., Horter, H., Osterreicher, P. & Planck, H. Sensory baby vest for the monitoring of infants. IEEE 3, 137 (2006). pp.
Mastro M., Bunalski M., BuSha B. Non-invasive neonatal vital acquisition unit. 2012 38th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (NEBEC); 245–246 (2012).
Chen H. et al. A wearable sensor system for neonatal seizure monitoring. 2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN); 27–30 (2017).
Chen, H. et al. Design of an integrated wearable multi-sensor platform based on flexible materials for neonatal monitoring. IEEE Access 8, 23732–23747 (2020).
doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2970469
Monràs Álvarez D. A Novel smart jacket for blood pressure measurement based on shape memory alloys. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; 2019.
Baker C. R. et al. Wireless sensor networks for home health care. 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (AINAW'07); 832–837 (2007).
Goldilocks. The unique Goldilocks Suit baby monitoring system. Accessed 03/04/2022, 2022. https://www.goldilockssuit.com/
MonBaby. MonBaby Smart Button: Track Your Baby’s Sleep Position and Rollover Movement During Sleep. Low Energy Bluetooth Connectivity. Accessed 03/04/2022, 2022. howpublished = https://monbabysleep.com/products/monbaby-essential
Rahim M. H. A, Adib M. A. H. M., Baharom M. Z, Hasni N. H. M. Improving the Infant-Wrap (InfaWrap) Device for Neonates Using MyI-Wrap Mobile Application. Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechatronics. Springer; 2021:239-248.
Rahim M. H. A., Adib M. A. H. M., Baharom M. Z, Sahat I. M., Hasni N. H. M. Non-invasive study: monitoring the heart rate and SpO2 of the new born using infaWrap device. 2020 IEEE-EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES); 212–217 (2021).
Rimet Y. et al. Surveillance of infants at risk of apparent life threatening events (ALTE) with the BBA bootee: a wearable multiparameter monitor. 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society; 4997–5000 (2007).
Leier M., Jervan G. Sleep apnea pre-screening on neonates and children with shoe integrated sensors. 2013 NORCHIP; 1–4 (2013).
Leier M., Jervan G. Miniaturized wireless monitor for long-term monitoring of newborns. 2014 14th Biennial Baltic Electronic Conference (BEC); 193–196 (2014).
Fletcher, R. R. et al. iCalm: Wearable sensor and network architecture for wirelessly communicating and logging autonomic activity. IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 14, 215–223 (2010).
pubmed: 20064760
doi: 10.1109/TITB.2009.2038692
Mahmud M. S., Wang H., Fang H. Design of a wireless non-contact wearable system for infants using adaptive filter. In Proceedings of the 10th EAI International Conference on Mobile Multimedia Communications, Chongqing, China. Vol.13, 83–88 (2017).
Ranta, J. et al. An openly available wearable, a diaper cover, monitors infant’s respiration and position during rest and sleep. Acta Paediatrica 110, 2766–2771 (2021).
pubmed: 34146357
doi: 10.1111/apa.15996
Xu, K. et al. A wearable body condition sensor system with wireless feedback alarm functions. Adv. Mater. 33, 2008701 (2021).
doi: 10.1002/adma.202008701
Snuza. Hero SE | Snuza Baby Breathing Monitors. Accessed 03/04/2022, 2022. https://www.snuza.com/product/hero-se/
Levana. Wearable Abdominal Movement Baby Monitor—Levana. Accessed 03/04/2022, 2022. https://www.mylevana.com/products/oma-sense
Chung, H. U. et al. Binodal, wireless epidermal electronic systems with in-sensor analytics for neonatal intensive care. Science 363, eaau0780 (2019).
pubmed: 30819934
pmcid: 6510306
doi: 10.1126/science.aau0780
Liu, C. et al. Wireless, skin‐interfaced devices for pediatric critical care: application to continuous, noninvasive blood pressure monitoring. Adv. Healthc. Mater. 10, 2100383 (2021).
doi: 10.1002/adhm.202100383
Xu, S. et al. Wireless skin sensors for physiological monitoring of infants in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet Digital Health 3, e266–e273 (2021).
pubmed: 33640306
doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(21)00001-7
Sibel Health. Sibel Health. Accessed 03/03/2022, 2022. https://www.sibelhealth.com/
Ginsburg, A. S. et al. Multiparameter Continuous Physiological Monitoring Technologies in Neonates Among Health Care Providers and Caregivers at a Private Tertiary Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya: Feasibility, Usability, and Acceptability Study. J. Med. Internet Res. 23, e29755 (2021).
pubmed: 34709194
pmcid: 8587184
doi: 10.2196/29755
Kinshella, M.-L. W. et al. Qualitative study exploring the feasibility, usability and acceptability of neonatal continuous monitoring technologies at a public tertiary hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. BMJ open 12, e053486 (2022).
pubmed: 35017248
pmcid: 8753390
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053486
De Clercq, H. & Puers, R. A neonatal body sensor network for long-term vital signs acquisition. Procedia Eng. 47, 981–984 (2012).
doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.311
Sriraam N., Gupta S., Tejaswini S., Pradeep G. Wrist Based Wireless Vital Monitoring System for Continuous Assessment of Pre-term Neonates in NICU Environment. In 2021 3rd International Conference on Electrical, Control and Instrumentation Engineering (ICECIE).1–4 (IEEE, 2021).
Piccini, L., Ciani, O., Grönvall, E., Marti, P., & Andreoni, G. New monitoring approach for neonatal intensive care unit. In 5th International Workshop on Wearable Micro and Nanosystems for Personalized Health. 2008:6.
Lin W., Zhang R., Brittelli J., Lehmann C. Wireless Infant Monitoring Device for the prevention of sudden infant death syndrome. In 2014 11th International Conference & Expo on Emerging Technologies for a Smarter World (CEWIT). 1–4 (2014, IEEE).
Ferreira A. G. et al. A smart wearable system for sudden infant death syndrome monitoring. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT). 1920–1925 (2016, IEEE).
Acosta Leinonen J. N. Monitoring Newborn and Infant Sleep Respiration and Heart Rate with a Wearable Sensor. 2019;
Rao H. et al. Design of a wearable remote neonatal health monitoring device. Springer; 2014:34-51.
Vu, H. et al. Automatic classification of resuscitation activities on birth-asphyxiated newborns using acceleration and ECG signals. Biomed. Signal Process. Control 36, 20–26 (2017).
doi: 10.1016/j.bspc.2017.03.004
Movesense. Movesense – Open Wearable Tech Platform. Accessed 03/02/2022, 2022. https://www.movesense.com/
Liu Q., Poon C., Zhang Y. Wearable technologies for neonatal monitoring. Neonatal Monitoring Technologies: Design for Integrated Solutions. IGI Global; 2012:12-40.
Grooby E. et al. Neonatal heart and lung sound quality assessment for robust heart and breathing rate estimation for telehealth applications. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics. 2020;
Grooby E. et al. A new non-negative matrix co-factorisation approach for noisy neonatal chest sound separation. IEEE; 2021:5668-5673.
Grooby, E. et al. Real-time multi-level neonatal heart and lung sound quality assessment for telehealth applications. IEEE Access 10, 10934–10948 (2022).
doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3144355
Lin, J. et al. Wearable sensors and devices for real-time cardiovascular disease monitoring. Cell Rep. Phys. Sci. 2, 100541 (2021).
doi: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100541
Yilmaz, G. et al. A wearable stethoscope for long-term ambulatory respiratory health monitoring. Sensors 20, 5124 (2020).
pubmed: 32911861
pmcid: 7571051
doi: 10.3390/s20185124
La T. G., Le L. H.. Flexible and wearable ultrasound device for medical applications: a review on materials, structural designs, and current challenges. Adv. Mater. Technol. 7, 2100798 (2021).
de Boode, W.-P. Advanced hemodynamic monitoring in the neonatal intensive care unit. Clin. Perinatol. 47, 423–434 (2020).
pubmed: 32713442
doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2020.05.001
Chan, M., Estève, D., Fourniols, J.-Y., Escriba, C. & Campo, E. Smart wearable systems: Current status and future challenges. Artif. Intell. Med. 56, 137–156 (2012).
pubmed: 23122689
doi: 10.1016/j.artmed.2012.09.003
Ostojic D. et al. Reducing false alarm rates in neonatal intensive care: a new machine learning approach. Oxygen Transp. Tissue XLI. Springer; 2020:285-290.
Daly J., Monasterio V., Clifford G. D. A neonatal apnoea monitor for resource-constrained environments. IEEE; 2012:321-324.
Mongan W. M. et al. Real-time detection of apnea via signal processing of time-series properties of RFID-based smart garments. 2016 IEEE Signal Processing in Medicine and Biology Symposium (SPMB); 1–6 (2016).
Kwak, S. S. et al. Skin‐integrated devices with soft, holey architectures for wireless physiological monitoring, with applications in the neonatal intensive care unit. Adv. Mater. 33, 2103974 (2021).
doi: 10.1002/adma.202103974
Chen W., Nguyen S. T., Coops R., Oetomo S. B., Feijs L. Wireless transmission design for health monitoring at neonatal intensive care units. 2009 2nd International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies; 1–6 (2009).