Associations between the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B among people who inject drugs and country-level characteristics: An ecological analysis.
ecological
hepatitis B virus
people who inject drugs
prevalence
Journal
Drug and alcohol review
ISSN: 1465-3362
Titre abrégé: Drug Alcohol Rev
Pays: Australia
ID NLM: 9015440
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2023
03 2023
Historique:
revised:
17
11
2022
received:
09
06
2022
accepted:
07
12
2022
pubmed:
6
1
2023
medline:
23
3
2023
entrez:
5
1
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of liver disease. People who inject drugs (PWID) are at greater risk than the general population of contracting HBV. This risk could depend on societal factors in different countries. We investigated the associations between country-level chronic HBV prevalence in PWID with national indicators of development and prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). We used global systematic review data on chronic HBV prevalence (hepatitis B surface antigen-positive) among PWID and country-level sociodemographic characteristics from online databases. National random-effects meta-analysis estimates of HBV prevalence were the outcome in linear regression models testing for associations with country-level characteristics. The study included 131,710 PWID from 304 estimates in 55 countries: the pooled HBV prevalence among PWID in the countries analysed was 4.5% (95% CI 3.9-5.1), the highest regional pooled prevalence was in East and Southeast Asia (17.6% [13.3-22.3]), and the lowest was in Western Europe (1.7% [1.4-2.1]). In multivariable models, no indicators of development were associated with HBV prevalence, but there was evidence of positive associations between HBV prevalence in the general population and among PWID, and evidence of HIV and HCV prevalence in PWID being associated with HBV prevalence in PWID: multivariable coefficients 0.03 (95% CI 0.01-0.04); p < 0.001, and 0.01 (95% CI 0.00-0.03); p = 0.01, respectively. HBV prevalence among PWID was associated with HIV and HCV prevalence among PWID and background HBV prevalence in the general population, highlighting the need for improving harm reduction in PWID and implementation of HBV vaccination, especially where HBV is endemic.
Types de publication
Meta-Analysis
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
569-581Subventions
Organisme : National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre
Organisme : University of New South Wales
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 222770/Z/21/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Drug and Alcohol Review published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs.
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