Race and ethnicity: Risk factors for fungal infections?
Journal
PLoS pathogens
ISSN: 1553-7374
Titre abrégé: PLoS Pathog
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101238921
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2023
01 2023
Historique:
entrez:
5
1
2023
pubmed:
6
1
2023
medline:
10
1
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Racial and ethnic identities, largely understood as social rather than biologic constructs, may impact risk for acquiring infectious diseases, including fungal infections. Risk factors may include genetic and immunologic differences such as aberrations in host immune response, host polymorphisms, and epigenomic factors stemming from environmental exposures and underlying social determinants of health. In addition, certain racial and ethnic groups may be predisposed to diseases that increase risk for fungal infections, as well as disparities in healthcare access and health insurance. In this review, we analyzed racial and ethnic identities as risk factors for acquiring fungal infections, as well as race and ethnicity as they relate to risk for severe disease from fungal infections. Risk factors for invasive mold infections such as aspergillosis largely appear related to environmental differences and underlying social determinants of health, although immunologic aberrations and genetic polymorphisms may contribute in some circumstances. Although black and African American individuals appear to be at high risk for superficial and invasive Candida infections and cryptococcosis, the reasons for this are unclear and may be related to underling social determinants of health, disparities in access to healthcare, and other socioeconomic disparities. Risk factors for all the endemic fungi are likely largely related to underlying social determinants of health, socioeconomic, and health disparities, although immunologic mechanisms likely play a role as well, particularly in disseminated coccidioidomycosis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36602962
doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011025
pii: PPATHOGENS-D-22-01744
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e1011025Informations de copyright
Copyright: © 2023 Jenks et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: J.D.J. received research funding from Astellas, F2G, and Pfizer. M.M.A. received honoraria from Shionogi and La Jolla pharmaceuticals for participating in advisory board meetings. MH has received research funding from Gilead Sciences Europe Ltd, Astellas, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Scynexis, F2G, Euroimmune and Pfizer. G.R.T has received research grants and consultancy fees from Astellas, Amplyx, Cidara, and Mayne. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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