Chikungunya: risks for travellers.
Aedes
Arbovirus
epidemiology
infection
management
prevention
transmission
Journal
Journal of travel medicine
ISSN: 1708-8305
Titre abrégé: J Travel Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9434456
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 04 2023
05 04 2023
Historique:
received:
30
09
2022
revised:
10
01
2023
accepted:
11
01
2023
medline:
7
4
2023
pubmed:
18
1
2023
entrez:
17
1
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Chikungunya outbreaks continue to occur, with changing epidemiology. Awareness about chikungunya is low both among the at-risk travellers and healthcare professionals, which can result in underdiagnosis and underreporting. This review aims to improve awareness among healthcare professionals regarding the risks of chikungunya for travellers. Chikungunya virus transmission to humans occurs mainly via daytime-active mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The areas where these mosquitoes live is continuously expanding, partly due to climate changes. Chikungunya is characterized by an acute onset of fever with joint pain. These symptoms generally resolve within 1-3 weeks, but at least one-third of the patients suffer from debilitating rheumatologic symptoms for months to years. Large outbreaks in changing regions of the world since the turn of the 21st century (e.g. Caribbean, La Réunion; currently Brazil, India) have resulted in growing numbers of travellers importing chikungunya, mainly to Europe and North America. Viremic travellers with chikungunya infection have seeded chikungunya clusters (France, United States of America) and outbreaks (Italy in 2007 and 2017) in non-endemic countries where Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are present. Community preventive measures are important to prevent disease transmission by mosquitoes. Individual preventive options are limited to personal protection measures against mosquito bites, particularly the daytime-active mosquitos that transmit the chikungunya virus. Candidate vaccines are on the horizon and regulatory authorities will need to assess environmental and host risk factors for persistent sequelae, such as obesity, age (over 40 years) and history of arthritis or inflammatory rheumatologic disease to determine which populations should be targeted for these chikungunya vaccines. Travellers planning to visit destinations with active CHIKV circulation should be advised about the risk for chikungunya, prevention strategies, the disease manifestations, possible chronic rheumatologic sequelae and, if symptomatic, seek medical evaluation and report potential exposures.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36648431
pii: 6989692
doi: 10.1093/jtm/taad008
pmc: PMC10075059
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Review
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© International Society of Travel Medicine 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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