Interventions, outcomes and outcome measurement instruments in stillbirth care research: A systematic review to inform the development of a core outcome set.
core outcome set
patient and public involvement
stillbirth
stillbirth care
systematic review
Journal
BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
ISSN: 1471-0528
Titre abrégé: BJOG
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100935741
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2023
05 2023
Historique:
revised:
08
10
2022
received:
10
06
2022
accepted:
26
10
2022
medline:
14
4
2023
pubmed:
20
1
2023
entrez:
19
1
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
A core outcome set could address inconsistent outcome reporting and improve evidence for stillbirth care research, which have been identified as an important research priority. To identify outcomes and outcome measurement instruments reported by studies evaluating interventions after the diagnosis of a stillbirth. Amed, BNI, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and WHO ICTRP from 1998 to August 2021. Randomised and non-randomised comparative or non-comparative studies reporting a stillbirth care intervention. Interventions, outcomes reported, definitions and outcome measurement tools were extracted. Forty randomised and 200 non-randomised studies were included. Fifty-eight different interventions were reported, labour and birth care (52 studies), hospital bereavement care (28 studies), clinical investigations (116 studies), care in a multiple pregnancy (2 studies), psychosocial support (28 studies) and care in a subsequent pregnancy (14 studies). A total of 391 unique outcomes were reported and organised into 14 outcome domains: labour and birth; postpartum; delivery of care; investigations; multiple pregnancy; mental health; emotional functioning; grief and bereavement; social functioning; relationship; whole person; subsequent pregnancy; subsequent children and siblings and economic. A total of 242 outcome measurement instruments were used, with 0-22 tools per outcome. Heterogeneity in outcome reporting, outcome definition and measurement tools in care after stillbirth exists. Considerable research gaps on specific intervention types in stillbirth care were identified. A core outcome set is needed to standardise outcome collection and reporting for stillbirth care research.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
A core outcome set could address inconsistent outcome reporting and improve evidence for stillbirth care research, which have been identified as an important research priority.
OBJECTIVES
To identify outcomes and outcome measurement instruments reported by studies evaluating interventions after the diagnosis of a stillbirth.
SEARCH STRATEGY
Amed, BNI, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and WHO ICTRP from 1998 to August 2021.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised and non-randomised comparative or non-comparative studies reporting a stillbirth care intervention.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Interventions, outcomes reported, definitions and outcome measurement tools were extracted.
MAIN RESULTS
Forty randomised and 200 non-randomised studies were included. Fifty-eight different interventions were reported, labour and birth care (52 studies), hospital bereavement care (28 studies), clinical investigations (116 studies), care in a multiple pregnancy (2 studies), psychosocial support (28 studies) and care in a subsequent pregnancy (14 studies). A total of 391 unique outcomes were reported and organised into 14 outcome domains: labour and birth; postpartum; delivery of care; investigations; multiple pregnancy; mental health; emotional functioning; grief and bereavement; social functioning; relationship; whole person; subsequent pregnancy; subsequent children and siblings and economic. A total of 242 outcome measurement instruments were used, with 0-22 tools per outcome.
CONCLUSIONS
Heterogeneity in outcome reporting, outcome definition and measurement tools in care after stillbirth exists. Considerable research gaps on specific intervention types in stillbirth care were identified. A core outcome set is needed to standardise outcome collection and reporting for stillbirth care research.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36655361
doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.17390
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
560-576Subventions
Organisme : Research Trainees Coordinating Centre
ID : NIHR DRF-2017-10-130
Investigateurs
Maggie Redshaw
(M)
Vicki Flenady
(V)
Alexander Heazell
(A)
Laura Timlin
(L)
Mary Lynch
(M)
Soo Downe
(S)
Pauline Slade
(P)
Lisa Thorne
(L)
Heather-Jane Coombs
(HJ)
Aleena Wojcieszek
(A)
Margaret Murphy
(M)
Heloisa de Oliveira Salgado
(H)
Lindsey Wimmer
(L)
Danielle Pollock
(D)
Neelam Aggarwal
(N)
Susannah Hopkins Leisher
(SH)
Kate Mulley
(K)
Irene Attachie
(I)
Bethany Atkins
(B)
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Références
Hug L, You D, Blencowe H, Mishra A, Wang Z, Fix MJ, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates and trends in stillbirths from 2000 to 2019: a systematic assessment. Lancet. 2021;398(10302):772-85.
Burden C, Bradley S, Storey C, Ellis A, Heazell AEP, Downe S, et al. From grief, guilt pain and stigma to hope and pride - a systematic review and meta-analysis of mixed-method research of the psychosocial impact of stillbirth. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-0800-8
Heazell AEP, Siassakos D, Blencowe H, Burden C, Bhutta ZA, Cacciatore J, et al. Stillbirths: economic and psychosocial consequences. Lancet. 2016;387(10018):604.
Ellis A, Chebsey C, Storey C, Bradley S, Jackson S, Flenady V, et al. Systematic review to understand and improve care after stillbirth: a review of parents, and healthcare professionals, experiences. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-0806-2
Siassakos D, Jackson S, Gleeson K, Chebsey C, Ellis A, Storey C, et al. All bereaved parents are entitled to good care after stillbirth: a mixed-methods multicentre study (INSIGHT). BJOG. 2018;125(2):160-70.
Peters MDJ, Lisy K, Riitano D, Jordan Z, Aromataris E. Providing meaningful care for families experiencing stillbirth: a meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence. J Perinatol. 2016;36(1):3-9.
Lind J. The stillbirth priority setting partnership [Internet]. [cited 2022 Mar 6]. Available from: https://www.jla.nihr.ac.uk/priority-setting-partnerships/stillbirth/downloads/Stillbirth-PSP-final-report.pdf
Wojcieszek AM, Shepherd E, Middleton P, Gardener G, Ellwood DA, McClure EM, et al. Interventions for investigating and identifying the causes of stillbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;4(4):CD012504.
Koopmans L, Wilson T, Cacciatore J, Flenady V. Support for mothers, fathers and families after perinatal death. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;6:CD000452. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000452.pub3
Wojcieszek AM, Shepherd E, Middleton P, Lassi ZS, Wilson T, Murphy MM, et al. Care prior to and during subsequent pregnancies following stillbirth for improving outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;12:CD012203. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012203.pub2
Williamson PR, Altman DG, Bagley H, Barnes KL, Blazeby JM, Brookes ST, et al. The COMET handbook: version 1.0. Trials. 2017;18(3):280. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-1978-4
Wojcieszek AM, Heazell AEP, Middleton P, Ellwood D, Silver RM, Flenady V. Research priorities and potential methodologies to inform care in subsequent pregnancies following stillbirth: a web-based survey of healthcare professionals, researchers and advocates. BMJ Open. 2019;9(6):e028735.
Bakhbakhi D, Fraser A, Siasakos D, Hinton L, Davies A, Merriel A, et al. Protocol for the development of a core outcome set for stillbirth care research (iCHOOSE Study). BMJ Open. 2022;12(2):e056629.
Satement P. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA).
Covidence Innovation VH. Covidence systematic review software. Melbourne: Covidence; 2022.
Dodd S, Clarke M, Becker L, Mavergames C, Fish R, Williamson PR. A taxonomy has been developed for outcomes in medical research to help improve knowledge discovery. J Clin Epidemiol. 2018;96:84-92.
De Galan-Roosen AEM, Kuijpers JC, Meershoek APJ, Van Velzen D. Contribution of congenital malformations to perinatal mortality. A 10 years prospective regional study in The Netherlands. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1998;80(1):55-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-2115(98)00085-2
Hayati AR, Khong TY, Zainul R. The usefulness of limited placental sampling in stillbirths. Malays J Pathol. 1998;20(2):99-102.
Incerpi MH, Banks EH, Goodwein SN, Samadi R, Goodwin TM. Significance of antinuclear antibody testing in unexplained second and third trimester fetal deaths. J Matern Neonatal Med. 1998;7(2):61-4.
Srisomboon J, Pongpisuttinun S. Efficacy of intracervicovaginal misoprostol in second-trimester pregnancy termination: a comparison between live and dead fetuses. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 1998;24(1):1-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.1998.tb00044.x
Dickinson JE, Godfrey M, Evans SF. Efficacy of intravaginal misoprostol in second-trimester pregnancy termination: a randomized controlled trial. J Matern Neonatal Med. 1998;7(3):115-9.
Ghorab MNM, El Helw BA. Second-trimester termination of pregnancy by extra-amniotic prostaglandin F2α or endocervical misoprostol. A comparative study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998;77(4):429-32.
Rådestad I, Nordin C, Steineck G, Sjögren B. A comparison of women s memories of care during pregnancy, labour and delivery after stillbirth or live birth. Midwifery. 1998;14(2):111-7.
Incerpi MH, Miller DA, Samadi R, Settlage RH, Goodwin TM. Stillbirth evaluation: what tests are needed? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998;178(6):1121-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70311-4
Thornton CM, O'Hara MD. A regional audit of perinatal and infant autopsies in Northern Ireland. BJOG. 1998;105(1):18-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb09344.x
Vujanić GM, Cartlidge PHT, Stewart JH. Improving the quality of perinatal and infant necropsy examinations: a follow up study. J Clin Pathol. 1998;51(11):850-3.
Larsen LG, Graem N. Morphological findings and value of placental examination at fetal and perinatal autopsy. Apmis. 1999;107(3):337-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1999.tb01562.x
Kupferminc MJ, Eldor A, Steinman N, Many A, Bar-Am A, Jaffa A, et al. Increased frequency of genetic thrombophilia in women with complications of pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(1):9-13. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199901073400102
Owen J, Hauth JC. Vaginal misoprostol vs. concentrated oxytocin plus low-dose prostaglandin E2 for second trimester pregnancy termination. J Matern Neonatal Med. 1999;8(2):48-50.
Jain J. A comparison of two dosing regimens of intravaginal misoprostol for second-trimester pregnancy termination. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;93(4):571-5.
Faye-Petersen OM, Guinn DA, Wenstrom KD. Value of perinatal autopsy. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;94(6):915-20.
Benara SK, Singh P. Validity of causes of infant death by verbal autopsy. Indian J Pediatr. 1999;66(5):647-50.
Murray JA, Terry DJ, Vance JC, Battistutta D, Connolly Y. Effects of a program of intervention on parental distress following infant death. Death Stud. 2000;24(4):275-305. https://doi.org/10.1080/074811800200469
Martinelli I, Taioli E, Cetin I, Marinoni A, Gerosa S, Villa MV, et al. Mutations in coagulation factors in women with unexplained late Fetal loss. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(14):1015-8. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200010053431405
Rich DE. The impact of postpregnancy loss services on grief outcome: integrating research and practice in the Design of Perinatal Bereavement Programs. Illn Crises Loss. 2000;8(3):244-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/105413730000800303
Nakintu N. A comparative study of vaginal misoprostol and intravenous oxytocin for induction of labour in women with intra uterine fetal death in Mulago hospital, Uganda. Afr Health Sci. 2001;1(2):55-9.
Rdestad I. Stillbirth: care and long-term psychological effects. Br J Midwifery. 2001;9(8):474-80. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2001.9.8.7931
De Boer MA, Van Gemund N, Scherjon SA, Kanhai HHH. Low dose sulprostone for termination of second and third trimester pregnancies. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2001;99(2):244-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-2115(01)00406-7
Tanawattanacharoen S, Taylor MJO, Letsky EA, Cox PM, Cowan FM, Fisk NM. Intrauterine rescue transfusion in monochorionic multiple pregnancies with recent single intrauterine death. Prenat Diagn. 2001;21(4):274-8.
Munthali J, Moodley J. The use of misoprostol for mid-trimester therapeutic termination of pregnancy. Trop Doct. 2001;31(3):157-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/004947550103100315
DiMarco MA, Menke EM, McNamara T. Evaluating a support group for perinatal loss. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2001;26(3):135-40.
Elsheikh A, Antsaklis A, Mesogitis S, Papantoniou N, Rodolakis A, Vogas E, et al. Use of misoprostol for the termination of second trimester pregnancies. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2001;265(4):204-6.
Salamat SM, Landy HJ, O'Sullivan MJ. Labor induction after fetal death: a retrospective analysis. J Reprod Med Obstet Gynecol. 2002;47(1):23-6.
De Galan-Roosen AEM, Kuijpers JC, Van Der Straaten PJC, Merkus JMWM. Evaluation of 239 cases of perinatal death using a fundamental classification system. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2002;103(1):37-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-2115(02)00024-6
Karin P, Katarina B, Roger B, Alexandra H, Ingela HV, Marius K, et al. Diagnostic evaluation of intrauterine fetal deaths in Stockholm 1998-99. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2002;81(4):284-92. 10.1034/j.1600-0412.2002.810402.x
Michalski ST, Porter J, Pauli RM. Costs and consequences of comprehensive stillbirth assessment. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(5):1027-34. https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2002.122450
Dickinson JE, Evans SF. The optimization of intravaginal misoprostol dosing schedules in second-trimester pregnancy termination. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(3):470-4.
Bebbington MW, Kent N, Lim K, Gagnon A, Delisle MF, Tessier F, et al. A randomized controlled trial comparing two protocols for the use of misoprostol in midtrimester pregnancy termination. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;187(4):853-7. https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2002.127461
Mendilcioglu I, Simsek M, Seker PE, Erbay O, Zorlu CG, Trak B. Misoprostol in second and early third trimester for termination of pregnancies with fetal anomalies. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2002;79(2):131-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7292(02)00224-2
Hughes P, Turton P, Hopper E, Evans CDH. Assessment of guidelines for good practice in psychosocial care of mothers after stillbirth: a cohort study. Lancet. 2002;360(9327):114-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09410-2
Rankin J, Wright C, Lind T. Cross sectional survey of parents, experience and views of the postmortem examination. Br Med J. 2002;324(7341):816-8.
Christiansen OB, Pedersen B, Rosgaard A, Husth M. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous immunoglobulin in the prevention of recurrent miscarriage: evidence for a therapeutic effect in women with secondary recurrent miscarriage. Hum Reprod. 2002;17(3):809-16. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/17.3.809
Wagaarachchi PT, Ashok PW, Narvekar NN, Smith NC, Templeton A. Medical management of late intrauterine death using a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol. BJOG. 2002;109(4):443-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2002.01238.x
Olsen E, Espeland A, Maartmann-Moe H, Lachman RS, Rosendahl K. Diagnostic value of radiography in cases of perinatal death: a population based study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2003;88(6):F521-4.
Griffiths PD, Variend D, Evans M, Jones A, Wilkinson ID, Paley MNJ, et al. Postmortem MR imaging of the fetal and stillborn central nervous system. Am J Neuroradiol. 2003;24(1):22-7.
Bourlière-Najean B, Russel AS, Panuel M, Piercecchi-Marti MD, Sigaudy S, Fredouille C, et al. Value of fetal skeletal radiographs in the diagnosis of fetal death. Eur Radiol. 2003;13(5):1046-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-002-1474-3
Debby A, Golan A, Sagiv R, Sadan O, Glezerman M. Midtrimester abortion in patients with a previous uterine scar. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2003;109(2):177-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-2115(03)00121-0
Ramsey PS, Savage K, Lincoln T, Owen J. Vaginal misoprostol versus concentrated oxytocin and vaginal PGE 2 for second-trimester labor induction. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;104(1):138-45.
Feldman DM, Borgida AF, Rodis JF, Leo MV, Campbell WA. A randomized comparison of two regimens of misoprostol for second-trimester pregnancy termination. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;189(3):710-3. https://doi.org/10.1067/S0002-9378(03)00659-8
Alderliesten ME, Peringa J, Van Der Hulst VPM, Blaauwgeers HLG, Van Lith JMM. Perinatal mortality: clinical value of postmortem magnetic resonance imaging compared with autopsy in routine obstetric practice. BJOG. 2003;110(4):378-82. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-0528.2003.02076.x
Chittacharoen A, Herabutya Y, Punyavachira P. A randomized trial of oral and vaginal misoprostol to manage delivery in cases of fetal death. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;101(1):70-3.
Makhlouf AM, Al-Hussaini TK, Habib DM, Makarem MH. Second-trimester pregnancy termination: comparison of three different methods. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2003;23(4):407-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144361031000120923
Kock KF, Vestergaard V, Hardt-Madsen M, Garne E. Declining autopsy rates in stillbirths and infant deaths: results from Funen County, Denmark, 1986-96. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2003;13(6):403-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/jmf.13.6.403.407
Johns N, Al-Salti W, Cox P, Kilby MD. A comparative study of prenatal ultrasound findings and post-mortem examination in a tertiary referral center. Prenat Diagn. 2004;24(5):339-46. https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.871
Pector EA. How bereaved multiple-birth parents cope with hospitalization, homecoming, disposition for deceased, and attachment to survivors. J Perinatol. 2004;24(11):714-22.
Hickey L, Murphy A, Devaney D, Gillan J, Clarke T. The value of neonatal autopsy. Neonatology. 2012;101(1):68-73.
Horn LC, Langner A, Stiehl P, Wittekind C, Faber R. Identification of the causes of intrauterine death during 310 consecutive autopsies. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2004;113(2):134-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-2115(03)00371-3
De Heus R, Graziosi GCM, Christiaens GCML, Bruinse HW, Mol BWJ. Medical management for termination of second and third trimester pregnancies: a comparison of strategies. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2004;116(1):16-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2003.12.012
Ezechi OC, Kalu BKE, Njokanma FO, Nwokoro CA, Okeke GCE. Vaginal misoprostol induction of labour: a Nigerian hospital experience. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;24(3):239-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443610410001660698
Bhatti K. Comparison of vaginal and oral misoprostol for induction of labour with intrauterine foetal death. Med Channel. 2012;18(1):74-6.
Gris JC, Mercier E, Quéré I, Lavigne-Lissalde G, Cochery-Nouvellon E, Hoffet M, et al. Low-molecular-weight heparin versus low-dose aspirin in women with one fetal loss and a constitutional thrombophilic disorder. Blood. 2004;103(10):3695-9. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2003-12-4250
Lim TLW, Tan KH, Tee CS, Yeo GSH. Investigating stillbirths using a simplified obstetric events-based protocol. Singapore Med J. 2005;46(2):63-8.
Yilmaz B, Kelekci S, Ertas IE, Kahyaoglu S, Ozel M, Sut N, et al. Misoprostol moistened with acetic acid or saline for second trimester pregnancy termination: a randomized prospective double-blind trial. Hum Reprod. 2005;20(11):3067-71. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dei204
Daskalakis GJ, Mesogitis SA, Papantoniou NE, Moulopoulos GG, Papapanagiotou AA, Antsaklis AJ. Misoprostol for second trimester pregnancy termination in women with prior caesarean section. BJOG. 2005;112(1):97-9.
Khare M, Howarth E, Sadler J, Healey K, Konje JC. A comparison of prenatal versus postnatal karyotyping for the investigation of intrauterine fetal death after the first trimester of pregnancy. Prenat Diagn. 2005;25(13):1192-5. https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.1295
Fairley TE, Mackenzie M, Owen P, Mackenzie F. Management of late intrauterine death using a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol - experience of two regimens. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2005;118(1):28-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.04.001
Hidar S, Bouddebous M, Chaïeb A, Jerbi M, Bibi M, Khaïri H. Randomized controlled trial of vaginal misoprostol versus vaginal misoprostol and isosorbide dinitrate for termination of pregnancy at 13-29 weeks. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2005;273(3):157-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-005-0053-7
Sankar VH, Phadke SR. Clinical utility of fetal autopsy and comparison with prenatal ultrasound findings. J Perinatol. 2006;26(4):224-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jp.7211482
Widjaja E, Whitby EH, Cohen M, Paley MNJ, Griffiths PD. Post-mortem MRI of the foetal spine and spinal cord. Clin Radiol. 2006;61(8):679-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2006.01.016
Khong TY, Tanner AR. Foetal and neonatal autopsy rates and use of tissue for research: the influence of “organ retention” controversy and new consent process. J Paediatr Child Health. 2006;42(6):366-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00874.x
Nor Azlin MI, Abdullah HSNA, Zainul Rashid MR, Jamil MA. Misoprostol (alone) in second trimester terminations of pregnancy: as effective as Gemeprost? J Obstet Gynaecol. 2006;26(6):546-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443610600811383
Säflund K, Wredling R. Differences within couples, experience of their hospital care and well-being three months after experiencing a stillbirth. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(10):1193-9.
Elklit A, Björk GD. Assessment of guidelines for good psychosocial practice for parents who have lost an infant through perinatal or postnatal death. Vol. 58, Nordic psychology. Elklit, Ask: Institute of Psychology, University of Aarhus, Nobelparken: Dansk psykologisk Forlag; 2006. p. 315-30.
Cacciatore J. Effects of support groups on post traumatic stress responses in women experiencing stillbirth. Omega J Death Dying. 2007;55(1):71-90. https://doi.org/10.2190/M447-1X11-6566-8042
Väyrynen W, Heikinheimo O, Nuutila M. Misoprostol-only versus mifepristone plus misoprostol in induction of labor following intrauterine fetal death. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(6):701-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/00016340701379853
Yilmaz B, Kelekci S, Ertas IE, Ozel M, Sut N, Mollamahmutoglu L, et al. Randomized comparison of second trimester pregnancy termination utilizing saline moistened or dry misoprostol. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007;276(5):511-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-007-0374-9
Bhattacharjee N, Ganguly RP, Saha SP. Misoprostol for termination of mid-trimester post-caesarean pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2007;47(1):23-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2006.00673.x
Kleebkaow P, Ratanasiri T, Komwilaisak R. Autopsy findings of fetal death. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007;90(1):21-5.
Measey MA, Charles A, D'Espaignet ET, Harrison C, de Klerk N, Douglass C. Aetiology of stillbirth: unexplored is not unexplained. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2007;31(5):444-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2007.00116.x
Laury A, Sanchez-Lara PA, Pepkowitz S, Graham JM. A study of 534 fetal pathology cases from prenatal diagnosis referrals analyzed from 1989 through 2000. Am J Med Genet Part A. 2007;143(24):3107-20. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.32094
Adappa R, Paranjothy S, Roberts Z, Cartlidge PHT. Perinatal and infant autopsy. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2007;92(1):F49-50.
Zanconato G, Piazzola E, Caloi E, Iacovella C, Ruffo R, Franchi M. Clinicopathological evaluation of 59 cases of fetal death. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007;276(6):619-23.
Vergani P, Cozzolino S, Pozzi E, Cuttin MS, Greco M, Ornaghi S, et al. Identifying the causes of stillbirth: a comparison of four classification systems. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;199(3):319.e1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2008.06.098
Walsh CA, Vallerie AM, Baxi LV. Etiology of stillbirth at term: a 10-year cohort study. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2008;21(7):493-501. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767050802086669
Varli IH, Petersson K, Bottinga R, Bremme K, Hofsjö A, Holm M, et al. The Stockholm classification of stillbirth. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2008;87(11):1202-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/00016340802460271
Behrashi M, Mahdian M. Vaginal versus oral misoprostol for second-trimester pregnancy termination: a randomized trial. Pak J Biol Sci. 2008;11(21):2505-8.
Edmond KM, Quigley MA, Zandoh C, Danso S, Hurt C, Agyei SO, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of verbal autopsies in ascertaining the causes of stillbirths and neonatal deaths in rural Ghana. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2008;22(5):417-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2008.00962.x
Cacciatore J, Rådestad I, Frøen JF. Effects of contact with stillborn babies on maternal anxiety and depression. Birth. 2008;35(4):313-20.
Korteweg FJ, Gordijn SJ, Timmer A, Holm JP, Ravisé JM, Erwich JJHM. A placental cause of intra-uterine fetal death depends on the perinatal mortality classification system used. Placenta. 2008;29(1):71-80.
Surkan PJ, Rådestad I, Cnattingius S, Steineck G, Dickman PW. Events after stillbirth in relation to maternal depressive symptoms: a brief report. Birth. 2008;35(2):153-7.
Bennett SM, Litz BT, Maguen S, Ehrenreich JT. An exploratory study of the psychological impact and clinical care of perinatal loss. J Loss Trauma. 2008;13(6):485-510. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325020802171268
Korteweg FJ, Bouman K, Erwich JJHM, Timmer A, Veeger NJGM, Ravisé JM, et al. Cytogenetic analysis after evaluation of 750 fetal deaths: proposal for diagnostic workup. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;111(4):865-74.
Cohen MC, Paley MN, Griffiths PD, Whitby EH. Less invasive autopsy: benefits and limitations of the use of magnetic resonance imaging in the perinatal postmortem. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2008;11(1):1-9.
Cacciatore J, Schnebly S, Froen JF. The effects of social support on maternal anxiety and depression after stillbirth. Health Soc Care Community. 2009;17(2):167-76.
Kidron D, Bernheim J, Aviram R. Placental findings contributing to Fetal death, a study of 120 stillbirths between 23 and 40 weeks gestation. Placenta. 2009;30(8):700-4.
Korteweg FJ, Erwich JJHM, Holm JP, Ravisé JM, Van Der Meer J, Veeger NJGM, et al. Diverse placental pathologies as the main causes of fetal death. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;114(4):809-17.
Amir H, Weintraub A, Aricha-Tamir B, Apel-Sarid L, Holcberg G, Sheiner E. A piece in the puzzle of intrauterine fetal death: pathological findings in placentas from term and preterm intrauterine fetal death pregnancies. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2009;22(9):759-64. https://doi.org/10.3109/14767050902929396
Glynn A, Collins V, Halliday J. Utilization of genetic counseling after diagnosis of a birth defect-trends over time and variables associated with utilization. Genet Med. 2009;11(4):287-93.
Headley E, Gordon A, Jeffery H. Reclassification of unexplained stillbirths using clinical practice guidelines. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2009;49(3):285-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.00989.x
Van Mensel K, Claerhout F, Debois P, Keirse MJNC, Hanssens M. A randomized controlled trial of misoprostol and Sulprostone to end pregnancy after Fetal death. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2009;2009:1-8.
Caliskan E, Doger E, Cakiroglu Y, Corakci A, Yucesoy I. Sublingual misoprostol 100 microgram versus 200 microgram for second trimester abortion: a randomised trial. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2009;14(1):55-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/13625180802360865
Rådestad I, Säflund K, Wredling R, Onelöv E, Steineck G. Holding a stillborn baby: mothers, feelings of tenderness and grief. Br J Midwifery. 2009;17(3):178-80.
Surkan PJ, Rådestad I, Cnattingius S, Steineck G, Dickman PW. Social support after stillbirth for prevention of maternal depression. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2009;88(12):1358-64.
Rey E, Garneau P, David M, Gauthier R, Leduc L, Michon N, et al. Dalteparin for the prevention of recurrence of placental-mediated complications of pregnancy in women without thrombophilia: a pilot randomized controlled trial. J Thromb Haemost. 2009;7(1):58-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03230.x
Rådestad I, Surkan PJ, Steineck G, Cnattingius S, Onelöv E, Dickman PW. Long-term outcomes for mothers who have or have not held their stillborn baby. Midwifery. 2009;25(4):422-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2007.03.005
Simchen MJ, Ofir K, Moran O, Kedem A, Sivan E, Schiff E. Thrombophilic risk factors for placental stillbirth. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2010;153(2):160-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.07.031
Ramirez MM, Gilbert S, Landon MB, Rouse DJ, Spong CY, Varner MW, et al. Mode of delivery in women with antepartum fetal death and prior cesarean delivery. Am J Perinatol. 2010;27(10):825-9.
Stock SJ, Goldsmith L, Evans MJ, Laing IA. Interventions to improve rates of post-mortem examination after stillbirth. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2010;153(2):148-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.07.022
Dudley DJ, Goldenberg R, Conway D, Silver RM, Saade GR, Varner MW, et al. A new system for determining the causes of stillbirth. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(2):254-60.
Korteweg FJ, Erwich JJHM, Folkeringa N, Timmer A, Veeger NJGM, Ravisé JM, et al. Prevalence of parental thrombophilic defects after fetal death and relation to cause. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(2):355-64.
Breeze ACG, Jessop FA, Set PAK, Whitehead AL, Cross JJ, Lomas DJ, et al. Minimally-invasive fetal autopsy using magnetic resonance imaging and percutaneous organ biopsies: clinical value and comparison to conventional autopsy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;37(3):317-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.8844
Pinar H, Koch M, Hawkins H, Heim-Hall J, Abramowsky C, Thorsten V, et al. The stillbirth collaborative research network postmortem examination protocol. Am J Perinatol. 2012;29(3):187-202.
Sharma D, Singhal SR, Poonam, Kunika PA. Comparison of mifepristone combination with misoprostol and misoprostol alone in the management of intrauterine death: condensation - misoprostol and mifepristone combination is more effective than misoprostol alone in the management of intrauterine death. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2011;50(3):322-5.
Cayrac M, Faillie JL, Flandrin A, Boulot P. Second- and third-trimester management of medical termination of pregnancy and fetal death in utero after prior caesarean section. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011;157(2):145-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.03.013
Erlandsson K, SäFlund K, Wredling R, Rådestad I. Support after stillbirth and its effect on parental grief over time. J Soc Work End Life Palliat Care. 2011;7(2-3):139-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/15524256.2011.593152
Bonetti LR, Ferrari P, Trani N, MacCio L, Schirosi L, Giuliana S, et al. The role of fetal autopsy and placental examination in the causes of fetal death: a retrospective study of 132 cases of stillbirths. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2011;283(2):231-41.
Bukowski R, Carpenter M, Conway D, Coustan D, Dudley DJ, Goldenberg RL, et al. Causes of death among stillbirths. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2012;67(4):223-5.
Zhang L, Hong ZX, Liu WJ, Hong RM, Yan PQ, Wei J. Cytogenetic analysis of 355 cases of fetal loss in different trimesters. Prenat Diagn. 2011;31(2):152-8.
El-Gharib MN, Elebyary MT. Low-dose vaginal misoprostol in the management of intrauterine fetal death. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2011;24(10):1239-42. https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2011.561386
Lin CJ, Chien SC, Chen CP. The use of misoprostol in termination of second-trimester pregnancy. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2011;50(3):275-82.
Kersting A, Kroker K, Schlicht S, Baust K, Wagner B. Efficacy of cognitive behavioral internet-based therapy in parents after the loss of a child during pregnancy: pilot data from a randomized controlled trial. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2011;14(6):465-77.
Rådestad I, Westerberg A, Ekholm A, Davidsson-Bremborg A, Erlandsson K. Evaluation of care after stillbirth in Sweden based on mothers, gratitude. Br J Midwifery. 2011;19(10):646-52. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2011.19.10.646
Hutti MH, Armstrong DS, Myers J. Healthcare utilization in the pregnancy following a perinatal loss. MCN Am J Matern Nurs. 2011;36(2):104-11.
Aho AL, Tarkka MT, Åstedt-Kurki P, Sorvari L, Kaunonen M. Evaluating a bereavement follow-up intervention for grieving fathers and their experiences of support after the death of a child-a pilot study. Death Stud. 2011;35(10):879-904.
Roose RE, Blanford CR. Perinatal grief and support spans the generations: Parents, and grandparents, evaluations of an intergenerational perinatal bereavement program. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2011;25(1):77-85.
Vanderwielen B, Zaleski C, Cold C, Mcpherson E. Wisconsin stillbirth services program: a multifocal approach to stillbirth analysis. Am J Med Genet Part A. 2011;155(5):1073-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.34016
Tellefsen CH, Vogt C. How important is placental examination in cases of perinatal deaths? Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2011;14(2):99-104. 10.2350/10-07-0870-OA.1
Pinar H, Koch MA, Hawkins H, Heim-Hall J, Shehata B, Thorsten VR, et al. The stillbirth collaborative research network (SCRN) placental and umbilical cord examination protocol. Am J Perinatol. 2011;28(10):781-92.
Valayatham V, Hiu J. Perinatal postmortem: factors influencing uptake and subsequent outcomes in an Asian population. Med J Malaysia. 2012;67(1):87-90.
Bennett SM, Ehrenreich-May J, Litz BT, Boisseau CL, Barlow DH. Development and preliminary evaluation of a cognitive-behavioral intervention for perinatal grief. Cogn Behav Pract. 2012;19(1):161-73.
Reddy UM, Page GP, Saade GR, Silver RM, Thorsten VR, Parker CB, et al. Karyotype versus microarray testing for genetic abnormalities after stillbirth. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(23):2185-93.
Heazell AEP, McLaughlin MJ, Schmidt EB, Cox P, Flenady V, Khong TY, et al. A difficult conversation? The views and experiences of parents and professionals on the consent process for perinatal postmortem after stillbirth. BJOG. 2012;119(8):987-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03357.x
Korteweg FJ, Erwich JJHM, Timmer A, Van Der Meer J, Ravisé JM, Veeger NJGM, et al. Evaluation of 1025 fetal deaths: proposed diagnostic workup. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012;206(1):53.e1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2011.10.026
Engmann C, Garces A, Jehan I, Ditekemena J, Phin M, Thorsten V, et al. Birth attendants as perinatal verbal autopsy respondents in low- and middle-income countries: a viable alternative? Bull World Health Organ. 2012;90(3):200-8.
Bapat U, Alcock G, More NS, Das S, Joshi W, Osrin D. Stillbirths and newborn deaths in slum settlements in Mumbai, India: a prospective verbal autopsy study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2012;12:39. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-12-39
Monari F, Alberico S, Avagliano L, Cetin I, Cozzolino S, Gargano G, et al. Relation between maternal thrombophilia and stillbirth according to causes/associated conditions of death. Early Hum Dev. 2012;88(4):251-4.
Hakverdi S, Güzelmansur I, Güngören A, Toprak S, Yaldiz M, Hakverdi AU. Evaluation of fetal autopsy findings in the Hatay region: 274 cases. Turk Patoloji Dergisi/Turkish J Pathol. 2012;28(2):154-61.
O'Donoghue K, O'Regan KN, Sheridan CP, O'Connor OJ, Benson J, McWilliams S, et al. Investigation of the role of computed tomography as an adjunct to autopsy in the evaluation of stillbirth. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(7):1667-75.
Martinelli I, Ruggenenti P, Cetin I, Pardi G, Perna A, Vergani P, et al. Heparin in pregnant women with previous placenta-mediated pregnancy complications: a prospective, randomized, multicenter, controlled clinical trial. Blood. 2012;119(14):3269-75. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-11-391383
Cannie M, Votino C, Moerman PH, Vanheste R, Segers V, Van Berkel K, et al. Acceptance, reliability and confidence of diagnosis of fetal and neonatal virtuopsy compared with conventional autopsy: a prospective study. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2012;67(10):615-7.
Vogt C, Blaas HGK, Salvesen KÅ, Eik-Nes SH. Comparison between prenatal ultrasound and postmortem findings in fetuses and infants with developmental anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012;39(6):666-72. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.10106
Pinar H, Koch M, Hawkins H, Heim-Hall J, Abramowsky C, Thorsten V, et al. The stillbirth collaborative research network postmortem examination protocol. Am J Perinatol. 2011;29(3):187-202.
Thayyil S, Sebire NJ, Chitty LS, Wade A, Chong W, Olsen O, et al. Post-mortem MRI versus conventional autopsy in fetuses and children: a prospective validation study. Lancet. 2013;382(9888):223-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60134-8
Helgadõttir LB, Turowski G, Skjeldestad FE, Jacobsen AF, Sandset PM, Roald B, et al. Classification of stillbirths and risk factors by cause of death - a case-control study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2013;92(3):325-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12044
Panda S, Jha V, Singh S. Role of combination of mifepristone and misoprostol verses misoprostol alone in induction of labour in late intrauterin fetal death: a prospective study. J Fam Plann Reprod Health. 2013;7(4):177-9.
Gawron LM, Kiley JW. Labor induction outcomes in third-trimester stillbirths. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2013;123(3):203-6.
Crawley R, Lomax S, Ayers S. Recovering from stillbirth: the effects of making and sharing memories on maternal mental health. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2013;31(2):195-207. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2013.795216
Kalyani R, Bindra MS, Mahansetty H. Congenital malformations in perinatal autopsy: a twoyear prospective study. J Indian Med Assoc. 2013;111(2):89-93.
Nausheen S, Soofi SB, Sadiq K, Habib A, Turab A, Memon Z, et al. Validation of verbal autopsy tool for ascertaining the causes of stillbirth. PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e76933. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076933
Kersting A, Dölemeyer R, Steinig J, Walter F, Kroker K, Baust K, et al. Brief internet-based intervention reduces posttraumatic stress and prolonged grief in parents after the loss of a child during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Psychother Psychosom. 2013;82(6):372-81.
Gold KJ, Sen A, Xu X. Hospital costs associated with stillbirth delivery. Matern Child Health J. 2013;17(10):1835-41.
Erlandsson K, Warland J, Cacciatore J, Rådestad I. Seeing and holding a stillborn baby: mothers, feelings in relation to how their babies were presented to them after birth-findings from an online questionnaire. Midwifery. 2013;29(3):246-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2012.01.007
Kapoor K, Singh K, Sharma A, Singh B, Huria A, Kochhar S. Congenital anomalies in North Western Indian population - a fetal autopsy study. Eur J Anat. 2013;17(3):166-75.
Arthurs OJ, Calder AD, Kiho L, Taylor AM, Sebire NJ. Routine perinatal and paediatric post-mortem radiography: detection rates and implications for practice. Pediatr Radiol. 2014;44(3):252-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-013-2804-0
Bracken H, Ngoc NTN, Banks E, Blumenthal PD, Derman RJ, Patel A, et al. Buccal misoprostol for treatment of fetal death at 14-28 weeks of pregnancy: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Contraception. 2014;89(3):187-92.
Basu M, Mukerji S, Doumouchtsis SK. Perineal trauma in women undergoing vaginal delivery following intra-uterine fetal demise: a case-control analysis. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2014;25(1):61-4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-013-2148-1
Jorgensen M, Mcpherson E, Zaleski C, Shivaram P, Cold C. Stillbirth: the heart of the matter. Am J Med Genet Part A. 2014;164(3):691-9.
Blood C, Cacciatore J. Parental grief and memento Mori photography: narrative, meaning, culture, and context. Death Stud. 2014;38(4):224-33.
Agrawal A, Basnet P, Thakur A, Rizal P, Rai R. Induction of labor using misoprostol with or without mifepristone in intrauterine death. J Nepal Med Assoc. 2014;52(194):781-6.
Pásztor N, Keresztúri A, Kozinszky Z, Pál A. Identification of causes of stillbirth through autopsy and placental examination reports. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014;33(1):49-54. https://doi.org/10.3109/15513815.2013.850132
Côté-Arsenault D, Schwartz K, Krowchuk H, McCoy TP. Evidence-based intervention with women pregnant after perinatal loss. MCN Am J Matern Nurs. 2014;39(3):177-86.
do Nascimento MI, Cunha Ade A, Oliveira SR. Clinical management of the induction of labor in intrauterine fetal death: evaluation of incidence of cesarean section and related conditions. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2014;17(1):203-16.
Chaudhuri P, Datta S. Mifepristone and misoprostol compared with misoprostol alone for induction of labor in intrauterine fetal death: a randomized trial. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2015;41(12):1884-90. https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.12815
Wilson PA, Boyle FM, Ware RS. Holding a stillborn baby: the view from a specialist perinatal bereavement service. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;55(4):337-43.
Kumar M, Singh A, Gupta U, Anand R, Thakur S. Relevance of labor room fetal autopsy in increasing its acceptance. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2015;28(3):344-9.
Warland J, O'Brien LM, Heazell AEP, Mitchell EA, Collins JH, Huberty JL, et al. An international internet survey of the experiences of 1,714 mothers with a late stillbirth: the STARS cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15(1):172.
Rosenfeld JA, Tucker ME, Escobar LF, Neill NJ, Torchia BS, McDaniel LD, et al. Diagnostic utility of microarray testing in pregnancy loss. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2015;46(4):478-86. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.14866
Rogers J, Spink M, Magrill A, Burgess K, Agius M. Evaluation of a specialised counselling service for perinatal bereavement. Psychiatr Danub. 2015;27:S482-5.
Simpson C, Lee P, Lionel J. The effect of bereavement Counseling on women with psychological problems associated with late pregnancy loss. J Asian Midwives. 2015;2(2):5-21.
Raitio K, Kaunonen M, Aho AL. Evaluating a bereavement follow-up intervention for grieving mothers after the death of a child. Scand J Caring Sci. 2015;29(3):510-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12183
O'Leary BD, Walsh CA, Fitzgerald JM, Downey P, McAuliffe FM. The contribution of massive fetomaternal hemorrhage to antepartum stillbirth: a 25-year cross-sectional study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015;94(12):1354-8.
Mills TA, Ricklesford C, Heazell AEP, Cooke A, Lavender T. Marvellous to mediocre: findings of national survey of UK practice and provision of care in pregnancies after stillbirth or neonatal death. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):101.
Man J, Hutchinson JC, Ashworth M, Judge-Kronis L, Levine S, Sebire NJ. Stillbirth and intrauterine fetal death: role of routine histological organ sampling to determine cause of death. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2016;48(5):596-601. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.16020
Gold KJ, Mozurkewich EL, Puder KS, Treadwell MC. Maternal complications associated with stillbirth delivery: a cross-sectional analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2016;36(2):208-12.
Redshaw M, Hennegan JM, Henderson J. Impact of holding the baby following stillbirth on maternal mental health and well-being: findings from a national survey. BMJ Open. 2016;6(8):e010996.
Vullo A, Panebianco V, Cannavale G, Aromatario M, Cipolloni L, Frati P, et al. Post-mortem magnetic resonance foetal imaging: a study of morphological correlation with conventional autopsy and histopathological findings. Radiol Med. 2016;121(11):847-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-016-0672-z
Moond S, Banerjee KP, Arya R. A comparative study of mifepristone and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone in induction of labour in late intrauterine fetal death. Int J Med Biomed Stud. 2021;5(2):348-51.
Puri RD, Kotecha U, Lall M, Dash P, Bijarnia-Mahay S, Verma IC. Is the diagnostic yield influenced by the indication for fetal autopsy? Am J Med Genet Part A. 2016;170(8):2119-26.
Auger N, Tiandrazana RC, Healy-Profitos J, Costopoulos A. Inequality in fetal autopsy in Canada. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2016;27(3):1384-96.
Abediasl Z, Sheikh M, Pooransari P, Farahani Z, Kalani F. Vaginal misoprostol versus intravenous oxytocin for the management of second-trimester pregnancies with intrauterine fetal death: a randomized clinical trial. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2016;42(3):246-51.
Man J, Hutchinson JC, Heazell AE, Ashworth M, Jeffrey I, Sebire NJ. Stillbirth and intrauterine fetal death: role of routine histopathological placental findings to determine cause of death. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2016;48(5):579-84.
Gold KJ, Normandin MM, Boggs ME. Are participants in face-to-face and internet support groups the same? Comparison of demographics and depression levels among women bereaved by stillbirth. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2016;19(6):1073-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-016-0657-x
Johnson JE, Price AB, Kao JC, Fernandes K, Stout R, Gobin RL, et al. Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for major depression following perinatal loss: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2016;19(5):845-59.
Miller ES, Minturn L, Linn R, Weese-Mayer DE, Ernst LM. Stillbirth evaluation: a stepwise assessment of placental pathology and autopsy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(1):115.e1-6.
Waterman CA, Batstone P, Bown N, Cresswell L, Delmege C, English CJ, et al. The clinical utility of genetic testing of tissues from pregnancy losses. BJOG. 2018;125(7):867-73.
Roberts L, Montgomery S. Mindfulness-based intervention for perinatal grief education and reduction among poor women in Chhattisgarh, India: a pilot study. Interdiscip J Best Pract Glob Dev. 2016;2(1):1.
Silver RM, Saade GR, Thorsten V, Parker CB, Reddy UM, Drews-Botsch C, et al. Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase mutations and stillbirth: the stillbirth Collaborative Research Network. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;215(4):468.e1-17.
Salim R, Nachum Z, Gavish I, Romano S, Braverman M, Garmi G. Adjusting enoxaparin dosage according to anti-fxa levels and pregnancy outcome in thrombophilic women: a randomised controlled trial. Thromb Haemost. 2016;116(4):687-95.
Man J, Hutchinson JC, Heazell AE, Ashworth M, Levine S, Sebire NJ. Stillbirth and intrauterine fetal death: factors affecting determination of cause of death at autopsy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2016;48(5):566-73.
Opsjøn BE, Vogt C. Explaining fetal death-what are the contributions of fetal autopsy and placenta examination? Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2016;19(1):24-30. https://doi.org/10.2350/15-03-1614-OA.1
Human M, Goldstein RD, Groenewald CA, Kinney HC, Odendaal HJ. Bereaved mothers, attitudes regarding autopsy of their stillborn baby. S Afr J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017;23(3):93-6.
Navidian A, Saravani Z. Impact of cognitive behavioral-based counseling on grief symptoms severity in mothers after stillbirth. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2018;12(1):650-4.
Ibiebele I, Boyle FM, Horey D, Lourie R, Wilson P, Coory M, et al. Predictors of autopsy following stillbirth in Queensland, Australia: a population-based study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017;57(1):33-9.
Jones F, Thibon P, Guyot M, Molin A, Jeanne-Pasquier C, Guillois B, et al. Practice of pathological examinations in stillbirths: a 10-year retrospective study. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2017;46(1):61-7.
Campbell J, Armstrong K, Palaniappan N, Maher E, Glancy M, Porteous M, et al. In a genomic era, placental pathology still holds the key in the nondysmorphic stillbirth. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2018;21(3):308-18.
Aiyelaagbe E, Scott RE, Holmes V, Lane E, Heazell AEP. Assessing the quality of bereavement care after perinatal death: development and piloting of a questionnaire to assess parents, experiences. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017;37(7):931-6.
Singh K, Speizer I, Kim ET, Lemani C, Phoya A. Reaching vulnerable women through maternity waiting homes in Malawi. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2016;136(1):91-7.
Page JM, Christiansen-Lindquist L, Thorsten V, Parker CB, Reddy UM, Dudley DJ, et al. Diagnostic tests for evaluation of stillbirth: results from the stillbirth collaborative research network. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;129(4):699-706.
Lee JH, Peralta FM, Palatnik A, Gaupp CL, McCarthy RJ. Neuraxial labor analgesia is not an independent predictor of perineal lacerations after vaginal delivery of patients with intrauterine fetal demise. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2017;32:21-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2017.05.008
Huberty JL, Matthews J, Leiferman J, Cacciatore J. Experiences of women who participated in a beta-test for an online-streamed yoga intervention after a stillbirth. Int J Yoga Therap. 2017;27(1):59-68.
Singh K, Speizer I, Kim ET, Lemani C, Phoya A. Reaching vulnerable women through maternity waiting homes in Malawi. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2016;136(1):91-7.
Henderson J, Redshaw M. Parents, experience of perinatal post-mortem following stillbirth: a mixed methods study. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0178475. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178475
McPherson E, Nestoridi E, Heinke D, Roberts DJ, Fretts R, Yazdy MM, et al. Alternatives to autopsy for Fetal and early neonatal (perinatal) deaths: insights from the Wisconsin stillbirth service program. Birth Defects Res. 2017;109(18):1430-41.
Petrou S, Kim SW, McParland P, Boyle EM. Mode of delivery and long-term health-related quality-of-life outcomes: a prospective population-based study. Birth. 2017;44(2):110.
Sahoo T, Dzidic N, Strecker MN, Commander S, Travis MK, Doherty C, et al. Comprehensive genetic analysis of pregnancy loss by chromosomal microarrays: outcomes, benefits, and challenges. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2017;72(5):268-70.
Cacciatore J. ‘She used his name’: provider trait mindfulness in perinatal death counselling. Estud Psicol. 2017;38(3):639-66.
Cronin RS, Li M, Wise M, Bradford B, Culling V, Zuccollo J, et al. Late stillbirth post mortem examination in New Zealand: maternal decision-making. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018;58(6):667-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.12790
Wojcieszek AM, Boyle FM, Belizán JM, Cassidy J, Cassidy P, Erwich JJHM, et al. Care in subsequent pregnancies following stillbirth: an international survey of parents. BJOG. 2018;125(2):193-201.
Inati V, Matic M, Phillips C, Maconachie N, Vanderhook F, Kent AL. A survey of the experiences of families with bereavement support services following a perinatal loss. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018;58(1):54-63.
Shruthi M, Gupta N, Jana M, Mridha AR, Kumar A, Agarwal R, et al. Conventional vs virtual autopsy with postmortem MRI in phenotypic characterization of stillbirths and fetal malformations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018;51(2):236-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17468
Bond D, Raynes-Greenow C, Gordon A. Bereaved parents, experience of care and follow-up after stillbirth in Sydney hospitals. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018;58(2):185-91. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.12684
Redshaw M, Henderson J. Care associated with stillbirth for the most disadvantaged women: a multi-method study of care in England. Birth. 2018;45(3):275-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12335
Cassidy PR. Care quality following intrauterine death in Spanish hospitals: results from an online survey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18(1):22.
Moond S, Banerjee KP, Arya R. A comparative study of mifepristone and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone in induction of labour in late intrauterine Fetal death. Int J Med Biomed Stud. 2021;5(2):987.
Siassakos D, Jackson S, Gleeson K, Chebsey C, Ellis A, Storey C, et al. All bereaved parents are entitled to good care after stillbirth: a mixed-methods multicentre study (INSIGHT). BJOG. 2018;125(2):160-70.
Navidian A, Saravani Z. Impact of cognitive behavioral-based counseling on grief symptoms severity in mothers after stillbirth. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2018;12(1):e9275.
Campbell HE, Kurinczuk JJ, Heazell AEP, Leal J, Rivero-Arias O. Healthcare and wider societal implications of stillbirth: a population-based cost-of-illness study. BJOG. 2018;125(2):108-17.
Hennegan JM, Henderson J, Redshaw M. Is partners, mental health and well-being affected by holding the baby after stillbirth? Mothers, accounts from a national survey. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2018;36(2):120-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2018.1424325
Akinshina S, Makatsariya A, Bitsadze V, Khizroeva J, Khamani N. Thromboprophylaxis in pregnant women with thrombophilia and a history of thrombosis. J Perinat Med. 2018;46(8):893-9. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2017-0329
Azogh M, Shakiba M, Navidian A. The effect of psychoeducation on anxiety in subsequent pregnancy following stillbirth: a quasi-experimental study. J Fam Plann Reprod Health. 2018;12(1):42-50.
Gold KJ, Boggs ME, Kavanaugh KL. MOMSonLINE: lessons learned from a feasibility RCT of online support for mothers bereaved by perinatal loss. Omega. 2021;83(4):656-72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0030222819861558
Hanish KK, Margulies I, Cogan AM. Evaluation of an occupation-based retreat for women after pregnancy or infant loss. Am J Occup Ther. 2019;73(5):7305345030p1-6. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2019.034025
Huberty J, Green J, Gold KJ, Leiferman J, Cacciatore J. An iterative design process to develop a randomized feasibility study and inform recruitment of minority women after stillbirth. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2019;5(1):1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-019-0526-2
Steen SE. Raising the bar: development of a perinatal bereavement programme. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2019;25(12):578-86. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2019.25.12.578
Lehner C, Harry A, Pelecanos A, Wilson L, Pink K, Sekar R. The feasibility of a clinical audit tool to investigate stillbirth in Australia - a single Centre experience. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2019;59(1):59-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.12799
Po G, Monari F, Zanni F, Grandi G, Lupi C, Facchinetti F, et al. A regional audit system for stillbirth: a way to better understand the phenomenon. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019;19(1):276. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2432-2
Hutchinson JC, Shelmerdine SC, Lewis C, Parmenter J, Simcock IC, Ward L, et al. Minimally invasive perinatal and pediatric autopsy with laparoscopically assisted tissue sampling: feasibility and experience of the MinImAL procedure. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2019;54(5):661-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20211
Blythe C, Vazquez REZ, Cabrera MS, Zekic Tomas S, Oc Anumba D, Cohen MC. Results of full postmortem examination in a cohort of clinically unexplained stillbirths: undetected fetal growth restriction and placental insufficiency are prevalent findings. J Perinatol. 2019;39(9):1196-203. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-019-0412-z
Jawad AK, Alalaf SK, Ali MS, Bawadikji AKA. Bemiparin as a prophylaxis after an unexplained stillbirth: open-label interventional prospective study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2019;25:1076029619896629.
Manocha A, Ravikumar G, Crasta J. Placenta in intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD): a comprehensive study from a tertiary care hospital. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2019;32(23):3939-47. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2018.1479390
Panaitescu AM, Ceaușelu L, Gică N, Ciobanu AM, Gheoca G, Dumitru A, et al. Fetal death in utero. Ten years retrospective analysis of a tertiary maternity. Rom. J Leg Med. 2020;28(3):236-41.
Evans MJ, Draper ES, Smith LK. Impact of sociodemographic and clinical factors on offer and parental consent to postmortem following stillbirth or neonatal death: a UK population-based cohort study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2020;105(5):532-7.
Masereka EM, Naturinda A, Tumusiime A, Munguiko C. Implementation of the perinatal death surveillance and response guidelines: lessons from annual health system strengthening interventions in the Rwenzori sub-region, Western Uganda. Nurs Open. 2020;7(5):1497-505.
Shelmerdine SC, Hutchinson JC, Ward L, Sekar T, Ashworth MT, Levine S, et al. Feasibility of INTACT (INcisionless TArgeted Core tissue) biopsy procedure for perinatal autopsy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020;55(5):667-75. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20387
Patil NJ, Tele JS, Kadam RS, Pawar SJ, Kumbar SM. Placental pathology in intrauterine fetal death. Int J Res Pharm Sci. 2020;11(SPL4):2376-80.
Pekkola M, Tikkanen M, Loukovaara M, Lohi J, Paavonen J, Stefanovica V. Postmortem examination protocol and systematic re-evaluation reduce the proportion of unexplained stillbirths. J Perinat Med. 2020;48(8):771-7. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2019-0426
Huberty J, Sullivan M, Green J, Kurka J, Leiferman J, Gold K, et al. Online yoga to reduce post traumatic stress in women who have experienced stillbirth: a randomized control feasibility trial. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020;20(1):173.
Burden C, Bakhbakhi D, Heazell AE, Lynch M, Timlin L, Bevan C, et al. Parents, active role and ENgagement in the review of their stillbirth/perinatal death 2 (PARENTS 2) study: a mixed-methods study of implementation. BMJ Open. 2021;11(3):e044563.
Wong KY, Ng NC. Views of Chinese women with perinatal loss on seeing and holding the baby. Hong Kong J Gynaecol Obstet Midwifery. 2021;21(1):23-8.
Fogarty S. A role for massage after antenatal or neonatal loss: evaluations from a community program. Adv Integr Med. 2021;8(2):129-35.
Sexton JK, Mahomed K, Marsden T, Coory M, Gardener G, Ellwood D, et al. Prospective cohort study: causes of stillbirth in Australia 2013-2018. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2021;61(5):667-74. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13334
Arocha PR, Range LM. Events surrounding stillbirth and their effect on symptoms of depression among mothers. Death Stud. 2021;45(7):573-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2019.1679911
Horey D, Boyle FM, Cassidy J, Cassidy PR, Erwich JJHM, Gold KJ, et al. Parents, experiences of care offered after stillbirth: an international online survey of high and middle-income countries. Birth. 2021;48(3):366-74. https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12546
Cullen S, Mooney E, Downey P. A review of findings from placental histology in cases of stillbirth following the amendment to the Coroner,s act. Ir J Med Sci. 2021;190(4):1435-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-020-02446-6
Jørgensen ML, Prinds C, Mørk S, Hvidtjørn D. Stillbirth - transitions and rituals when birth brings death: data from a danish national cohort seen through an anthropological lens. Scand J Caring Sci. 2022;36(1):100-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12967
Duman M, Durgun Ozan Y, Aksoy Derya Y, Timur TS. The effect of relaxation exercises training on pregnancy-related anxiety after perinatal loss: a pilot randomized control trial. Explorer. 2022;18(1):44-50.
Huberty JL, Matthews J, Leiferman J, Hermer J, Cacciatore J. When a baby dies: a systematic review of experimental interventions for women after stillbirth. Reprod Sci. 2017;24(7):967-75.
Hennegan JM, Henderson J, Redshaw M. Contact with the baby following stillbirth and parental mental health and well-being: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2015;5(11):e008616.
Cacciatore J, Defrain J, Jones KLC, Jones H. Stillbirth and the couple: a gender-based exploration. J Fam Soc Work. 2008;11(4):351-70.
Duffy JMN, Hirsch M, Kawsar A, Gale C, Pealing L, Plana MN, et al. Outcome reporting across randomised controlled trials evaluating therapeutic interventions for pre-eclampsia. BJOG. 2017;124(12):1829-39.
Koot MH, Boelig RC, van't Hooft J, Limpens J, Roseboom TJ, Painter RC, et al. Variation in hyperemesis gravidarum definition and outcome reporting in randomised clinical trials: a systematic review. BJOG. 2018;125(12):1514-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15272
Kim BV, Aromataris EC, de Lint W, Middleton P, Townsent R, Khalil A, et al. Developing a core outcome set in interventions to prevent stillbirth: a systematic review on variations of outcome reporting. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2021;259:196-206.
Hirsch M, Duffy JMN, Kusznir JO, Davis CJ, Plana MN, Khan KS, et al. Variation in outcome reporting in endometriosis trials: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(4):452-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2015.12.039
Ghai V, Subramanian V, Jan H, Pergialiotis V, Thakar R, Doumouchtsis SK, et al. A systematic review on reported outcomes and outcome measures in female idiopathic chronic pelvic pain for the development of a core outcome set. BJOG. 2021;128(4):628-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16412
Perry H, Duffy JMN, Umadia O, Khalil A. Outcome reporting across randomized trials and observational studies evaluating treatments for twin-twin transfusion syndrome: systematic review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018;52(5):577-85.
Young AE, Davies A, Bland S, Brookes S, Blazeby JM. Systematic review of clinical outcome reporting in randomised controlled trials of burn care. BMJ Open. 2019;9(2):e025135.
Alkhaffaf B, Blazeby JM, Williamson PR, Bruce IA, Glenny A-M. Reporting of outcomes in gastric cancer surgery trials: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2018;8(10):e021796.
Potter S, Brigic A, Whiting PF, Cawthorn SJ, Avery KNL, Donovan JL, et al. Reporting clinical outcomes of breast reconstruction: a systematic review. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103(1):31-46. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djq438
Breeze ACG, Statham H, Hackett GA, Jessop FA, Lees CC. Attitudes to perinatal postmortem: parental views about research participation. J Med Ethics. 2011;37(6):364-7.
Kingdon C, Roberts D, Turner MA, Storey C, Crossland N, Finlayson KW, et al. Inequalities and stillbirth in the UK: a meta-narrative review. BMJ Open. 2019;9(9):e029672.
The World Bank. World Bank country and lending groups [Internet]. [cited 2023 Mar 14]. Available from: https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups