Incidence of pneumococcal disease from 2003 to 2019 in children ≤17 years in England.

Invasive pneumococcal disease Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Pneumococcal disease Pneumococcal pneumonia United Kingdom

Journal

Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.)
ISSN: 2200-6133
Titre abrégé: Pneumonia (Nathan)
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101663459

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
23 Jan 2023
Historique:
received: 08 08 2022
accepted: 15 12 2022
entrez: 22 1 2023
pubmed: 23 1 2023
medline: 23 1 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Pneumococcal disease is a leading cause of communicable disease morbidity and mortality globally. We aimed to estimate invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) and all-cause pneumonia (ACP) incidence rates (IRs) in children aged 0-17 years in England from 2003 to 2019. A retrospective study in children ≤17 years old from 2003 to 2019 using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Gold and Hospital Episodes Statistics Admitted Patient Care (HES APC) databases. IPD episodes were identified in hospital records (HES APC). PP (caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae only) and ACP episodes (caused by any pathogen) were identified in primary care (CPRD) and in hospital records (HES APC). Annual IRs by age-group were calculated as the number of episodes/person-years (PY) at risk, with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Interrupted time series analyses were conducted to assess changes in IRs across the post-PCV7 (2007-2009), early post-PCV13 (2011-2014) and late post-PCV13 (2015-2019) periods compared to the pre-PCV7 period (2003-2005) using generalized linear models. 170 IPD episodes, 769 PP episodes and 12,142 ACP episodes were identified in 1,500,686 children in 2003-2019. The overall IPD, PP and ACP IRs (per 100,000 PY) were 2.29 (95% CI 1.96-2.66), 10.34 (95% CI 9.62-11.10) and 163.37 (95% CI 160.47-166.30), respectively. The highest IPD, PP and ACP IRs were observed in children aged < 2 years compared to older children (2-4 and 5-17 years). IPD IRs decreased between the pre-PCV7 period and the late post-PCV13 period from 3.28 (95% CI 2.42-4.33) to 1.41 (95% CI 0.80-2.29), IRR 0.28 (95% CI 0.09-0.90), p-value 0.033. PP IRs declined between the pre-PCV7 period and the late post-PCV13 period from 14.65 (95% CI 12.77-16.72) to 3.87 (95% CI 2.81-5.20), IRR 0.19 (95% CI 0.09-0.38), p-value < 0.001. ACP IRs declined between the pre-PCV7 period and the late post-PCV13 period from 167.28 (95% CI 160.78-173.96) to 124.96 (95% CI 118.54-131.63), IRR 0.77 (95% CI 0.66-0.88), p-value < 0.001. The clinical burden of IPD, PP and ACP declined in children in England aged 0-17 years between 2003 and 2019, especially in the late post-PCV13 period. This study highlights the importance of PCV vaccination in reducing the burden of PD and ACP in children in England.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Pneumococcal disease is a leading cause of communicable disease morbidity and mortality globally. We aimed to estimate invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) and all-cause pneumonia (ACP) incidence rates (IRs) in children aged 0-17 years in England from 2003 to 2019.
METHODS METHODS
A retrospective study in children ≤17 years old from 2003 to 2019 using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Gold and Hospital Episodes Statistics Admitted Patient Care (HES APC) databases. IPD episodes were identified in hospital records (HES APC). PP (caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae only) and ACP episodes (caused by any pathogen) were identified in primary care (CPRD) and in hospital records (HES APC). Annual IRs by age-group were calculated as the number of episodes/person-years (PY) at risk, with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Interrupted time series analyses were conducted to assess changes in IRs across the post-PCV7 (2007-2009), early post-PCV13 (2011-2014) and late post-PCV13 (2015-2019) periods compared to the pre-PCV7 period (2003-2005) using generalized linear models.
RESULTS RESULTS
170 IPD episodes, 769 PP episodes and 12,142 ACP episodes were identified in 1,500,686 children in 2003-2019. The overall IPD, PP and ACP IRs (per 100,000 PY) were 2.29 (95% CI 1.96-2.66), 10.34 (95% CI 9.62-11.10) and 163.37 (95% CI 160.47-166.30), respectively. The highest IPD, PP and ACP IRs were observed in children aged < 2 years compared to older children (2-4 and 5-17 years). IPD IRs decreased between the pre-PCV7 period and the late post-PCV13 period from 3.28 (95% CI 2.42-4.33) to 1.41 (95% CI 0.80-2.29), IRR 0.28 (95% CI 0.09-0.90), p-value 0.033. PP IRs declined between the pre-PCV7 period and the late post-PCV13 period from 14.65 (95% CI 12.77-16.72) to 3.87 (95% CI 2.81-5.20), IRR 0.19 (95% CI 0.09-0.38), p-value < 0.001. ACP IRs declined between the pre-PCV7 period and the late post-PCV13 period from 167.28 (95% CI 160.78-173.96) to 124.96 (95% CI 118.54-131.63), IRR 0.77 (95% CI 0.66-0.88), p-value < 0.001.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
The clinical burden of IPD, PP and ACP declined in children in England aged 0-17 years between 2003 and 2019, especially in the late post-PCV13 period. This study highlights the importance of PCV vaccination in reducing the burden of PD and ACP in children in England.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36683061
doi: 10.1186/s41479-022-00103-3
pii: 10.1186/s41479-022-00103-3
pmc: PMC9868000
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

2

Informations de copyright

© 2023. Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates.

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Auteurs

Salini Mohanty (S)

Merck & Co., Inc, Center for Observational and Real-World Evidence (CORE), Rahway, NJ, USA. salini.mohanty@merck.com.

Bélène Podmore (B)

OXON Epidemiology Ltd, Epidemiology & Statistics, Madrid, Spain.

Ana Cuñado Moral (A)

OXON Epidemiology Ltd, Epidemiology & Statistics, Madrid, Spain.

Ian Matthews (I)

MSD (UK) Ltd, Value, Access and Devolved nations (VAD), London, UK.

Eric Sarpong (E)

Merck & Co., Inc., Real-world Data Analytics and Innovation (RDAI), Rahway, NJ, USA.

Alessandra Lacetera (A)

OXON Epidemiology Ltd, Epidemiology & Statistics, Madrid, Spain.

Nawab Qizilbash (N)

OXON Epidemiology Ltd, Epidemiology & Statistics, Madrid, Spain.

Classifications MeSH