FANCM missense variants and breast cancer risk: a case-control association study of 75,156 European women.


Journal

European journal of human genetics : EJHG
ISSN: 1476-5438
Titre abrégé: Eur J Hum Genet
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9302235

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
05 2023
Historique:
received: 15 07 2022
accepted: 24 11 2022
revised: 11 11 2022
medline: 12 5 2023
pubmed: 28 1 2023
entrez: 27 1 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Evidence from literature, including the BRIDGES study, indicates that germline protein truncating variants (PTVs) in FANCM confer moderately increased risk of ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially for women with a family history of the disease. Association between FANCM missense variants (MVs) and breast cancer risk has been postulated. In this study, we further used the BRIDGES study to test 689 FANCM MVs for association with breast cancer risk, overall and in ER-negative and TNBC subtypes, in 39,885 cases (7566 selected for family history) and 35,271 controls of European ancestry. Sixteen common MVs were tested individually; the remaining rare 673 MVs were tested by burden analyses considering their position and pathogenicity score. We also conducted a meta-analysis of our results and those from published studies. We did not find evidence for association for any of the 16 variants individually tested. The rare MVs were significantly associated with increased risk of ER-negative breast cancer by burden analysis comparing familial cases to controls (OR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.07-2.04; P = 0.017). Higher ORs were found for the subgroup of MVs located in functional domains or predicted to be pathogenic. The meta-analysis indicated that FANCM MVs overall are associated with breast cancer risk (OR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.08-1.38; P = 0.002). Our results support the definition from previous analyses of FANCM as a moderate-risk breast cancer gene and provide evidence that FANCM MVs could be low/moderate risk factors for ER-negative and TNBC subtypes. Further genetic and functional analyses are necessary to clarify better the increased risks due to FANCM MVs.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36707629
doi: 10.1038/s41431-022-01257-w
pii: 10.1038/s41431-022-01257-w
pmc: PMC10172381
doi:

Substances chimiques

FANCM protein, human EC 3.6.1.-
DNA Helicases EC 3.6.4.-

Types de publication

Meta-Analysis Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

578-587

Subventions

Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 203477/Z/16/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P30 CA042014
Pays : United States

Investigateurs

Kristine K Sahlberg (KK)
Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale (AL)
Inger Torhild Gram (IT)
Karina Standahl Olsen (KS)
Olav Engebråten (O)
Bjørn Naume (B)
Jürgen Geisler (J)
Tone F Bathen (TF)
Elin Borgen (E)
Britt Fritzman (B)
Øystein Garred (Ø)
Gry Aarum Geitvik (GA)
Solveig Hofvind (S)
Anita Langerød (A)
Ole Christian Lingjærde (OC)
Gunhild Mari Mælandsmo (GM)
Hege G Russnes (HG)
Helle Kristine Skjerven (HK)
Therese Sørlie (T)
Grethe I Grenaker Alnæs (GIG)
David Amor (D)
Lesley Andrews (L)
Yoland Antill (Y)
Rosemary Balleine (R)
Jonathan Beesley (J)
Ian Bennett (I)
Michael Bogwitz (M)
Leon Botes (L)
Meagan Brennan (M)
Melissa Brown (M)
Michael Buckley (M)
Jo Burke (J)
Phyllis Butow (P)
Liz Caldon (L)
Ian Campbell (I)
Michelle Cao (M)
Anannya Chakrabarti (A)
Deepa Chauhan (D)
Manisha Chauhan (M)
Alice Christian (A)
Paul Cohen (P)
Alison Colley (A)
Ashley Crook (A)
James Cui (J)
Eliza Courtney (E)
Margaret Cummings (M)
Sarah-Jane Dawson (SJ)
Anna deFazio (A)
Martin Delatycki (M)
Rebecca Dickson (R)
Joanne Dixon (J)
Ted Edkins (T)
Stacey Edwards (S)
Gelareh Farshid (G)
Andrew Fellows (A)
Georgina Fenton (G)
Michael Field (M)
James Flanagan (J)
Peter Fong (P)
Laura Forrest (L)
Stephen Fox (S)
Juliet French (J)
Michael Friedlander (M)
Clara Gaff (C)
Mike Gattas (M)
Peter George (P)
Sian Greening (S)
Marion Harris (M)
Stewart Hart (S)
Nick Hayward (N)
John Hopper (J)
Cass Hoskins (C)
Clare Hunt (C)
Paul James (P)
Mark Jenkins (M)
Alexa Kidd (A)
Judy Kirk (J)
Jessica Koehler (J)
James Kollias (J)
Sunil Lakhani (S)
Mitchell Lawrence (M)
Jason Lee (J)
Shuai Li (S)
Geoff Lindeman (G)
Lara Lipton (L)
Liz Lobb (L)
Sherene Loi (S)
Graham Mann (G)
Deborah Marsh (D)
Sue Anne McLachlan (SA)
Bettina Meiser (B)
Roger Milne (R)
Sophie Nightingale (S)
Shona O'Connell (S)
Sarah O'Sullivan (S)
David Gallego Ortega (DG)
Nick Pachter (N)
Jia-Min Pang (JM)
Gargi Pathak (G)
Briony Patterson (B)
Amy Pearn (A)
Kelly Phillips (K)
Ellen Pieper (E)
Susan Ramus (S)
Edwina Rickard (E)
Bridget Robinson (B)
Mona Saleh (M)
Anita Skandarajah (A)
Elizabeth Salisbury (E)
Christobel Saunders (C)
Jodi Saunus (J)
Rodney Scott (R)
Clare Scott (C)
Adrienne Sexton (A)
Andrew Shelling (A)
Peter Simpson (P)
Melissa Southey (M)
Amanda Spurdle (A)
Jessica Taylor (J)
Renea Taylor (R)
Heather Thorne (H)
Alison Trainer (A)
Kathy Tucker (K)
Jane Visvader (J)
Logan Walker (L)
Rachael Williams (R)
Ingrid Winship (I)
Mary Ann Young (MA)
Milita Zaheed (M)

Informations de copyright

© 2023. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Gisella Figlioli (G)

IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Genome Diagnostics Program, Milan, Italy.

Amandine Billaud (A)

IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Genome Diagnostics Program, Milan, Italy.

Thomas U Ahearn (TU)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Natalia N Antonenkova (NN)

N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus.

Heiko Becher (H)

University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany.

Matthias W Beckmann (MW)

University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Sabine Behrens (S)

German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany.

Javier Benitez (J)

Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Human Genetics Group, Madrid, Spain.
Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Marina Bermisheva (M)

Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia.

Marinus J Blok (MJ)

Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Natalia V Bogdanova (NV)

N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus.
Hannover Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover, Germany.
Hannover Medical School, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover, Germany.

Bernardo Bonanni (B)

IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Milan, Italy.

Barbara Burwinkel (B)

German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, Heidelberg, Germany.
University of Heidelberg, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Womens Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Nicola J Camp (NJ)

University of Utah, Department of Internal Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Archie Campbell (A)

University of Edinburgh, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, Edinburgh, UK.
The University of Edinburgh, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK.

Jose E Castelao (JE)

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Oncology and Genetics Unit, Vigo, Spain.

Melissa H Cessna (MH)

Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Stephen J Chanock (SJ)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Kamila Czene (K)

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden.

Peter Devilee (P)

Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Human Genetics, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Thilo Dörk (T)

Hannover Medical School, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover, Germany.

Christoph Engel (C)

University of Leipzig, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig, Germany.
University of Leipzig, LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.

Mikael Eriksson (M)

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden.

Peter A Fasching (PA)

University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Jonine D Figueroa (JD)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
The University of Edinburgh, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK.
The University of Edinburgh, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Edinburgh, UK.

Marike Gabrielson (M)

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden.

Manuela Gago-Dominguez (M)

Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Genomic Medicine Group, International Cancer Genetics and Epidemiology Group, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Montserrat García-Closas (M)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Anna González-Neira (A)

Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Madrid, Spain.

Felix Grassmann (F)

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden.
Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany.

Pascal Guénel (P)

INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team Exposome and Heredity, Villejuif, France.

Melanie Gündert (M)

German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, Heidelberg, Germany.
University of Heidelberg, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Womens Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany.

Andreas Hadjisavvas (A)

The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Eric Hahnen (E)

Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany.
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany.

Per Hall (P)

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden.
Södersjukhuset, Department of Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden.

Ute Hamann (U)

German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany.

Patricia A Harrington (PA)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK.

Wei He (W)

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden.

Peter Hillemanns (P)

Hannover Medical School, Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover, Germany.

Antoinette Hollestelle (A)

Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Maartje J Hooning (MJ)

Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Reiner Hoppe (R)

Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.
University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Anthony Howell (A)

University of Manchester, Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester, UK.

Keith Humphreys (K)

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden.

Agnes Jager (A)

Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Anna Jakubowska (A)

Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland.
Pomeranian Medical University, Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Szczecin, Poland.

Elza K Khusnutdinova (EK)

Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia.
Bashkir State University, Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Ufa, Russia.

Yon-Dschun Ko (YD)

Department of Internal Medicine, Johanniter GmbH Bonn, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany.

Vessela N Kristensen (VN)

Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Annika Lindblom (A)

Karolinska Institutet, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics, Stockholm, Sweden.

Jolanta Lissowska (J)

M. Sklodowska-Curie National Research Oncology Institute, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Warsaw, Poland.

Jan Lubiński (J)

Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland.

Arto Mannermaa (A)

University of Eastern Finland, Translational Cancer Research Area, Kuopio, Finland.
University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
Kuopio University Hospital, Biobank of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

Siranoush Manoukian (S)

Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy.

Sara Margolin (S)

Södersjukhuset, Department of Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.

Dimitrios Mavroudis (D)

University Hospital of Heraklion, Department of Medical Oncology, Heraklion, Greece.

William G Newman (WG)

University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK.
St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK.

Nadia Obi (N)

University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany.

Mihalis I Panayiotidis (MI)

The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Muhammad U Rashid (MU)

German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany.
Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Department of Basic Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Valerie Rhenius (V)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK.

Matti A Rookus (MA)

The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Emmanouil Saloustros (E)

University Hospital of Larissa, Department of Oncology, Larissa, Greece.

Elinor J Sawyer (EJ)

King's College London, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Guy's Campus, London, UK.

Rita K Schmutzler (RK)

Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany.
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany.
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany.

Mitul Shah (M)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK.

Reijo Sironen (R)

University of Eastern Finland, Translational Cancer Research Area, Kuopio, Finland.
University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
Kuopio University Hospital, Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio, Finland.

Melissa C Southey (MC)

Monash University, Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
The University of Melbourne, Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Cancer Council Victoria, Cancer Epidemiology Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Maija Suvanto (M)

University of Helsinki, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Rob A E M Tollenaar (RAEM)

Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Ian Tomlinson (I)

The University of Edinburgh, Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, UK.

Thérèse Truong (T)

INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team Exposome and Heredity, Villejuif, France.

Lizet E van der Kolk (LE)

The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Family Cancer Clinic, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Elke M van Veen (EM)

University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK.
St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK.

Barbara Wappenschmidt (B)

Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Cologne, Germany.
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Cologne, Germany.

Xiaohong R Yang (XR)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Manjeet K Bolla (MK)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK.

Joe Dennis (J)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK.

Alison M Dunning (AM)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK.

Douglas F Easton (DF)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK.
University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK.

Michael Lush (M)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK.

Kyriaki Michailidou (K)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK.
The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Biostatistics Unit, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Paul D P Pharoah (PDP)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Cambridge, UK.
University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK.

Qin Wang (Q)

University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, UK.

Muriel A Adank (MA)

The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Family Cancer Clinic, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Marjanka K Schmidt (MK)

The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Irene L Andrulis (IL)

Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
University of Toronto, Department of Molecular Genetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Jenny Chang-Claude (J)

German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany.
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), Hamburg, Germany.

Heli Nevanlinna (H)

University of Helsinki, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Georgia Chenevix-Trench (G)

QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

D Gareth Evans (DG)

University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK.
St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK.

Roger L Milne (RL)

Monash University, Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Cancer Council Victoria, Cancer Epidemiology Division, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
The University of Melbourne, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Paolo Radice (P)

Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy.

Paolo Peterlongo (P)

IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Genome Diagnostics Program, Milan, Italy. paolo.peterlongo@ifom.eu.

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