Does Olfactory Training Improve Brain Function and Cognition? A Systematic Review.
Aroma
Neuroplasticity
Odorant
Olfaction
Olfactory bulb
Smell training
Journal
Neuropsychology review
ISSN: 1573-6660
Titre abrégé: Neuropsychol Rev
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9009029
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 Feb 2023
02 Feb 2023
Historique:
received:
02
04
2022
accepted:
01
12
2022
entrez:
1
2
2023
pubmed:
2
2
2023
medline:
2
2
2023
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Olfactory training (OT), or smell training,consists of repeated exposure to odorants over time with the intended neuroplastic effect of improving or remediating olfactory functioning. Declines in olfaction parallel declines in cognition in various pathological conditions and aging. Research suggests a dynamic neural connection exists between olfaction and cognition. Thus, if OT can improve olfaction, could OT also improve cognition and support brain function? To answer this question, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to determine whether there is evidence that OT translates to improved cognition or altered brain morphology and connectivity that supports cognition. Across three databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, & Embase), 18 articles were identified in this systematic review. Overall, the reviewed studies provided emerging evidence that OT is associated with improved global cognition, and in particular, verbal fluency and verbal learning/memory. OT is also associated with increases in the volume/size of olfactory-related brain regions, including the olfactory bulb and hippocampus, and altered functional connectivity. Interestingly, these positive effects were not limited to patients with smell loss (i.e., hyposmia & anosmia) but normosmic (i.e., normal ability to smell) participants benefitted as well. Implications for practice and research are provided.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36725781
doi: 10.1007/s11065-022-09573-0
pii: 10.1007/s11065-022-09573-0
pmc: PMC9891899
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : 1R01MH106366-01A1
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R01AG064093
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01NS108452
Pays : United States
Organisme : Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
ID : K084AI46220
Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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