Dissociative Amnesia? It Might be Organic Memory Loss!
Dissociative amnesia
Memory disorders
Organic amnesia
Psychogenic amnesia
Retrograde amnesia
Traumatic head injury
Journal
Topics in cognitive science
ISSN: 1756-8765
Titre abrégé: Top Cogn Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101506764
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 Feb 2023
02 Feb 2023
Historique:
revised:
19
01
2023
received:
20
10
2022
accepted:
20
01
2023
entrez:
2
2
2023
pubmed:
3
2
2023
medline:
3
2
2023
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
This article discusses the possibility of practitioners who mistake organic memory loss for dissociative amnesia. It starts with the case of a young man with complete retrograde amnesia due to a traumatic head injury. Because he did not show any gross neurological abnormalities, a neurologist thought his amnesia had a psychological origin. An extensive neuropsychological examination revealed that the man did have an organic reason for his amnesia. Next, the existence of dissociative memory loss as well as isolated organic retrograde amnesia is considered. While cases of organic memory loss are well-documented, there is hardly any evidence for dissociative amnesia. It is argued that organic memory loss might be mistakenly taken for dissociative amnesia. In line with the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, practitioners are advised to rule out the possibility of organic memory loss, before diagnosing a patient with dissociative amnesia.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Topics in Cognitive Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Cognitive Science Society.
Références
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.
Evans, J. J., Graham, K. S., Pratt, K. H., & Hodges, J. R. (2003). The impact of cortico-cortico connectivity: A long-term follow-up of a case of focal retrograde amnesia. Cortex, 39, 767-790.
Gisquet-Verrier, P., & Riccio, D. C. (2019). Memory integration as a challenge to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis: Similarities, differences and perspectives. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 12, 71.
Greenberg, D. L., & Rubin, D. C. (2003). The neuropsychology of autobiographical memory. Cortex, 39, 687-728.
Holland, A. C., & Kensinger, E. A. (2010). Emotion and autobiographical memory. Physics of Life Review, 7, 88-131.
Hunkin, N. M., Parkin, A. J., Bradley, V. A., Burrows, E. H., Aldrich, F. K., Jansari, A., & Burdon-Cooper, C. (1995). Focal retrograde amnesia following closed-head injury: A case study and theoretical account. Neuropsychologia, 33, 509-523.
Jelicic, M. (2018). Testing claims of crime-related amnesia. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 617.
Jelicic, M., Merckelbach, H., & Peters, M. J. V. (2004). That's what we call a psychogenic amnesia. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 46, 627-631.
Kapur, N. (1993). Focal retrograde amnesia in neurological disease: A critical review. Cortex, 29, 217-234.
Kapur, N. (1999). Syndromes of retrograde amnesia: A conceptual and empirical synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 800-825.
Kopelman, M. D. (2002). Disorders of memory. Brain, 125, 2152-2190.
Kopelman, M. D. (2019). Anomalies of autobiographical memory. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 25, 1061-1075.
Manes, F., Hodges, J. R., Graham, K. S., & Zeman, A. (2001). Focal autobiographical amnesia in association with transient epileptic amnesia. Brain, 124, 499-509.
Mangiulli, I., Otgaar, H., Jelicic, M., & Merckelbach, H. (2022). A critical review of case studies on dissociative amnesia. Clinical Psychological Science, 10, 191-211.
McKinnon, M. C., Palombo, D. J., Nazarov, A., Kumar, N., Khuu, W., & Levine, B. (2015). Threat of death and autobiographical memory: A study of passengers from Flight AT236. Clinical Psychological Science, 3, 487-502.
Merckelbach, H., Dekkers, T., Wessel, I., & Roefs, A. (2003). Amnesia, flashbacks, nightmares, and dissociation in aging concentration camp survivors. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 351-360.
Parkin, A. J. (1997). Memory and amnesia (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
Richardson, J. T. E. (2000). Clinical and neuropsychological aspects of closed head injury (2nd ed.). East Sussex: Psychology Press.
Roozendaal, B., McEwen, B. S., & Chattarji, S. (2009). Stress, memory and the amygdala. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 10, 423-433.
Rubin, D. C., & Greenberg, D. L. (1998). Visual memory-deficit amnesia: A distinct amnesic presentation and etiology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 95, 5413-5416.
Squire, L. R., Clark, R. E., & Knowlton, B. J. (2001). Retrograde amnesia. Hippocampus, 11, 50-55.
Teuber, H. L. (1969). Neglected aspects of the posttraumatic syndrome. In A. E. Walker, W. F. Caveness, & M. Critchley (Eds.), The late effects of head injury (pp. 13-34). Springfield, IL: Thomas.