Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis concentrate products by U.S. state cannabis legalization status, 2021.

Adult Humans Analgesics Cannabis Hallucinogens Legislation, Drug Medical Marijuana United States Dronabinol
Cannabis Cannabis legalization Cannabis potency Concentrates Marijuana Vaping

Journal

Addictive behaviors
ISSN: 1873-6327
Titre abrégé: Addict Behav
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7603486

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
05 2023
Historique:
received: 02 09 2022
revised: 06 01 2023
accepted: 08 01 2023
pmc-release: 01 05 2024
pubmed: 4 2 2023
medline: 14 2 2023
entrez: 3 2 2023
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Compared to plant/flower cannabis products, cannabis concentrates have higher average potency of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), which may be associated with greater likelihood of cannabis-related harms. Information on factors associated with use of cannabis concentrates is needed. Respondents were 4,328 adult past-7-day cannabis users from all 50 U.S. states and Washington DC (DC) who participated in an online 2021 survey. Using logistic regression to generate adjusted odds ratios (aOR), we investigated whether participants in states that enacted recreational cannabis laws (RCL, 12 states plus DC [treated as a state], n = 1,236) or medical cannabis laws (MCL-only, 23 states, n = 2,030) by December 31, 2020 were more likely than those in states without cannabis laws (no-CL, 15 states, n = 1,062) to use cannabis concentrate products in the prior 7 days. Most participants (92.4%) used plant material in the prior 7 days; 57.0% used cannabis concentrates. In RCL, MCL and no-CL states, concentrate use was reported by 61.5%, 56.6%, and 52.5%, respectively. Compared to participants in no-CL states, odds of using cannabis concentrate products were greater among those in RCL states (aOR = 1.47; CI = 1.17-1.84) and MCL-only states (aOR = 1.29; CI = 1.08-1.55). Whether states had legally-authorized dispensaries had little effect on results. Results suggest that individuals in MCL-only and RCL states are more likely to use cannabis concentrate products. Determining mechanisms underlying these results, e.g., commercialization, could provide important information for prevention. Clinicians should be alert to patient use of concentrates, especially in MCL-only and RCL states. Continued monitoring is warranted as additional states legalize cannabis use.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Compared to plant/flower cannabis products, cannabis concentrates have higher average potency of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), which may be associated with greater likelihood of cannabis-related harms. Information on factors associated with use of cannabis concentrates is needed.
METHODS
Respondents were 4,328 adult past-7-day cannabis users from all 50 U.S. states and Washington DC (DC) who participated in an online 2021 survey. Using logistic regression to generate adjusted odds ratios (aOR), we investigated whether participants in states that enacted recreational cannabis laws (RCL, 12 states plus DC [treated as a state], n = 1,236) or medical cannabis laws (MCL-only, 23 states, n = 2,030) by December 31, 2020 were more likely than those in states without cannabis laws (no-CL, 15 states, n = 1,062) to use cannabis concentrate products in the prior 7 days.
RESULTS
Most participants (92.4%) used plant material in the prior 7 days; 57.0% used cannabis concentrates. In RCL, MCL and no-CL states, concentrate use was reported by 61.5%, 56.6%, and 52.5%, respectively. Compared to participants in no-CL states, odds of using cannabis concentrate products were greater among those in RCL states (aOR = 1.47; CI = 1.17-1.84) and MCL-only states (aOR = 1.29; CI = 1.08-1.55). Whether states had legally-authorized dispensaries had little effect on results.
CONCLUSION
Results suggest that individuals in MCL-only and RCL states are more likely to use cannabis concentrate products. Determining mechanisms underlying these results, e.g., commercialization, could provide important information for prevention. Clinicians should be alert to patient use of concentrates, especially in MCL-only and RCL states. Continued monitoring is warranted as additional states legalize cannabis use.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107617 PMID: 36736229 PMC: PMC9930475
pubmed: 36736229
pii: S0306-4603(23)00012-6
doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107617
pmc: PMC9930475
mid: NIHMS1871690
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Analgesics 0
Hallucinogens 0
Medical Marijuana 0
Dronabinol 7J8897W37S

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

107617

Subventions

Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : K99 DA055724
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : P30 DA029926
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : T32 DA031099
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : T32 DA037202
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA048860
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA050032
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Auteurs

Deborah S Hasin (DS)

Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168(th) St, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: dsh2@cumc.columbia.edu.

Jacob Borodovsky (J)

Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. Electronic address: jacob.t.borodovsky@dartmouth.edu.

Dvora Shmulewitz (D)

Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: dvora.shmulewitz@gmail.com.

Claire Walsh (C)

New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: claire.walsh@nyspi.columbia.edu.

Cara A Struble (CA)

Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. Electronic address: cara.a.struble@dartmouth.edu.

Ofir Livne (O)

Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: ol2166@cumc.columbia.edu.

Mohammad I Habib (MI)

Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. Electronic address: mohammad.i.habib@dartmouth.edu.

David S Fink (DS)

New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: david.fink@nyspi.columbia.edu.

Efrat Aharonovich (E)

Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: efrat.aharonovich@nyspi.columbia.edu.

Alan Budney (A)

Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. Electronic address: alan.budney@dartmouth.edu.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...
questionsmedicales.fr › Actions chimiques et utilisations › Actions pharmacologiques › Utilisations thérapeutiques › Agents du système nerveux central › Analgésiques › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheobionta › Magnoliopsida › Rosanae › Rosales › Cannabaceae › Cannabis › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...
questionsmedicales.fr › Actions chimiques et utilisations › Actions pharmacologiques › Utilisations thérapeutiques › Agents du système nerveux central › Psychoanaleptiques › Hallucinogènes › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...
questionsmedicales.fr › Organisations et économie des soins de santé › Contrôle social formel › Législation comme sujet › Législation sur les produits chimiques ou pharmaceutiques › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...
questionsmedicales.fr › Préparations pharmaceutiques › Marijuana médicale › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...
questionsmedicales.fr › Régions géographiques › Amériques › Amérique du Nord › États-Unis › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...
questionsmedicales.fr › Composés chimiques organiques › Hydrocarbures › Terpènes › Cannabinoïdes › Dronabinol › Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis...