Distinguishing apathy from depression: A review differentiating the behavioral, neuroanatomic, and treatment-related aspects of apathy from depression in neurocognitive disorders.
apathy
depression
diagnosis neuropsychiatric impairment
neurocognitive disorders
Journal
International journal of geriatric psychiatry
ISSN: 1099-1166
Titre abrégé: Int J Geriatr Psychiatry
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8710629
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2023
02 2023
Historique:
received:
22
08
2022
accepted:
17
01
2023
entrez:
5
2
2023
pubmed:
6
2
2023
medline:
8
2
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
This narrative review describes the clinical features of apathy and depression in individuals with neurocognitive disorders (NCDs), with the goal of differentiating the two syndromes on the basis of clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, neuropathological features, and contrasting responses to treatments. Literature was identified using PubMed, with search terms to capture medical conditions of interest; additional references were also included based on our collective experience and knowledge of the literature. Evidence from current literature supports the distinction between the two disorders; apathy and depression occur with varying prevalence in individuals with NCDs, pose different risks of progression to dementia, and have distinct, if overlapping, neurobiological underpinnings. Although apathy is a distinct neuropsychiatric syndrome, distinguishing apathy from depression can be challenging, as both conditions may occur concurrently and share several overlapping features. Apathy is associated with unfavorable outcomes, especially those with neurodegenerative etiologies (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) and is associated with an increased burden for both patients and caregivers. Diagnosing apathy is important not only to serve as the basis for appropriate treatment, but also for the development of novel targeted interventions for this condition. Although there are currently no approved pharmacologic treatments for apathy, the research described in this review supports apathy as a distinct neuropsychiatric condition that warrants specific treatments aimed at alleviating patient disability. Despite differences between these disorders, both apathy and depression pose significant challenges to patients, their families, and caregivers; better diagnostics are needed to develop more tailored treatment and support.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36739588
doi: 10.1002/gps.5882
pmc: PMC10107127
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e5882Subventions
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : P20 GM109025
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P30 AG072980
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AG053798
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R35 AG071476
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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