Mini-review: Angiotensin- converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) and the impact for diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, sarcopenia, cancer, and COVID-19.
Alzheimer’s disease
COVID-19
ageing
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
cancer
sarcopenia
Journal
Frontiers in aging
ISSN: 2673-6217
Titre abrégé: Front Aging
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 9918231199706676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
06
12
2022
accepted:
11
01
2023
entrez:
9
2
2023
pubmed:
10
2
2023
medline:
10
2
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Ageing has been associated with comorbidities, systemic low-grade of inflammation, and immunosenescence. Hypertension is the most common morbidity and anti-hypertensives are used for more than 50%. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) control blood pressure but also seem to play a role in comorbidities such as Alzheimer's disease, sarcopenia and cancer. The impact of anti-hypertensives in comorbidities is due to the expression of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in several tissues and body fluids. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) has been linked to oxidative stress, metabolism, and inflammation. The levels and activity of ACE1 are under genetic control and polymorphisms have been correlated with susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. In addition, some results found that ACEi and ARB users present delayed cognitive decline and reduced risk of dementia. Regarding to sarcopenia, RAS has been linked to the catabolic and anabolic pathways for muscle mass maintenance. In some studies, older adults using ACEi were highly benefited by exercise training. In cancer, RAS and its products have been shown to play a role since their inhibition in animal models modulates tumor microenvironment and improves the delivery of chemotherapy drugs. Clinically, the incidence of colorectal cancer is reduced in patients using ACEi and ARB. During the pandemic COVID-19 it was found that ACE2 receptor plays a role in the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cell. ACE1 genotypes have been linked to an increased risk for COVID-19 and severe disease. In some studies COVID-19 patients taking ARB or ACEi presented better outcome.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36756193
doi: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1117502
pii: 1117502
pmc: PMC9899811
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1117502Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Bueno and Frasca.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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