Population genomics of the critically endangered kākāpō.
bottleneck
conservation
inbreeding
kākāpō
mutational load
purging
Journal
Cell genomics
ISSN: 2666-979X
Titre abrégé: Cell Genom
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9918284260106676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
13 Oct 2021
13 Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
20
10
2020
revised:
23
04
2021
accepted:
22
06
2021
entrez:
13
2
2023
pubmed:
8
9
2021
medline:
8
9
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The kākāpō is a flightless parrot endemic to New Zealand. Once common in the archipelago, only 201 individuals remain today, most of them descending from an isolated island population. We report the first genome-wide analyses of the species, including a high-quality genome assembly for kākāpō, one of the first chromosome-level reference genomes sequenced by the Vertebrate Genomes Project (VGP). We also sequenced and analyzed 35 modern genomes from the sole surviving island population and 14 genomes from the extinct mainland population. While theory suggests that such a small population is likely to have accumulated deleterious mutations through genetic drift, our analyses on the impact of the long-term small population size in kākāpō indicate that present-day island kākāpō have a reduced number of harmful mutations compared to mainland individuals. We hypothesize that this reduced mutational load is due to the island population having been subjected to a combination of genetic drift and purging of deleterious mutations, through increased inbreeding and purifying selection, since its isolation from the mainland ∼10,000 years ago. Our results provide evidence that small populations can survive even when isolated for hundreds of generations. This work provides key insights into kākāpō breeding and recovery and more generally into the application of genetic tools in conservation efforts for endangered species.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36777713
doi: 10.1016/j.xgen.2021.100002
pii: S2666-979X(21)00002-1
pmc: PMC9903828
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
100002Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Author(s).
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no competing interests.
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