Tumor-Type Agnostic, Targeted Therapies: BRAF Inhibitors Join the Group.
BRAF
BRAF Inhibitors
Molecular Diagnostics
Precision Medicine
Targeted Therapy
Journal
Acta medica academica
ISSN: 1840-2879
Titre abrégé: Acta Med Acad
Pays: Bosnia and Herzegovina
ID NLM: 101587903
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2022
Dec 2022
Historique:
received:
02
11
2022
accepted:
29
12
2022
pubmed:
18
2
2023
medline:
24
3
2023
entrez:
17
2
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In the present review, we briefly discuss the breakthrough advances in precision medicine using a tumor-agnostic approach and focus on BRAF treatment modalities, the mechanisms of resistance and the diagnostic approach in cancers with BRAF mutations. Tumor-type agnostic drug therapies work across cancer types and present a significant novel shift in precision cancer medicine. They are the consequence of carefully designed clinical trials that showed the value of tumor biomarkers, not just in diagnosis but in therapy guidance. Six tumor-agnostic drugs (with seven indications) have been approved through October 2022 by FDA. The first tumor-agnostic treatment modality was pembrolizumab for MSI-H/dMMR solid tumors, approved in 2017. This was followed by approvals of larotrectinib and entrectinib for cancers with NTRK fusions without a known acquired resistance mutation. In 2020, pembrolizumab was approved for all TMB-high solid cancers, while a PD-L1 inhibitor dostarlimab-gxly was approved for dMMR solid cancers in 2021. A combination of BRAF/MEK inhibitors (dabrafenib/trametinib) was approved as a tumor-agnostic therapy in June 2022 for all histologic types of solid metastatic cancers harboring BRAFV600E mutations. In September 2022, RET inhibitor selpercatinib was approved for solid cancers with RET gene fusions. CONCLUSION: Precision cancer medicine has substantially improved cancer diagnostics and treatment. Tissue type-agnostic drug therapies present a novel shift in precision cancer medicine. This approach rapidly expands to provide treatments for patients with different cancers harboring the same molecular alteration.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36799315
pii: ama2006-124.392
doi: 10.5644/ama2006-124.392
pmc: PMC10116180
doi:
Substances chimiques
Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
EC 2.7.11.1
BRAF protein, human
EC 2.7.11.1
Types de publication
Review
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
217-231Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 by Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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