A scoping review of counseling interventions for suicide prevention in Africa: Few studies address this life-saving aspect of mental health treatment.
Africa
Counseling
Depression
Mental health
Psychotherapy
Suicide
Journal
Journal of affective disorders
ISSN: 1573-2517
Titre abrégé: J Affect Disord
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 7906073
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 05 2023
01 05 2023
Historique:
received:
31
08
2022
revised:
05
02
2023
accepted:
11
02
2023
pmc-release:
01
05
2024
pubmed:
23
2
2023
medline:
15
3
2023
entrez:
22
2
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Nearly 800,000 people die by suicide each year, with 77 % occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Suicide is underestimated in many African settings due to challenges in data collection, stigma, and policies that promote silence; nonetheless, rates of suicide in Africa are consistently higher than global averages. We conducted a scoping review of counseling interventions assessing suicide outcomes among adults in Africa using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, African Index Medicus, CABI Global Health, and Proquest databases. Study screening and data extraction was informed by the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Of 2438 abstracts reviewed, 33 studies met criteria for full-text review and 13 were included in the analysis. Interventions served several populations, including people living with HIV, out of school youth, university students, and women undergoing obstetric fistula repair. There was a near-equal split in individual versus group counseling modalities and the use of professional versus lay counselors. The majority of interventions had primary outcomes focused on other mental health or social variables with a secondary focus on suicide. Mechanisms of change for suicide prevention were poorly articulated. The review was limited to English-language studies conducted after 2001 and excluded qualitative studies and those with fewer than 10 participants. There is a clear paucity of research in this area, particularly in the lack of randomized clinical trials and studies with suicide prevention as their primary outcome. Researchers should seek to develop or adapt evidence-based, culturally-resonant interventions to reduce the burden of suicide on the African continent.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Nearly 800,000 people die by suicide each year, with 77 % occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Suicide is underestimated in many African settings due to challenges in data collection, stigma, and policies that promote silence; nonetheless, rates of suicide in Africa are consistently higher than global averages.
METHODS
We conducted a scoping review of counseling interventions assessing suicide outcomes among adults in Africa using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, African Index Medicus, CABI Global Health, and Proquest databases. Study screening and data extraction was informed by the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis.
RESULTS
Of 2438 abstracts reviewed, 33 studies met criteria for full-text review and 13 were included in the analysis. Interventions served several populations, including people living with HIV, out of school youth, university students, and women undergoing obstetric fistula repair. There was a near-equal split in individual versus group counseling modalities and the use of professional versus lay counselors. The majority of interventions had primary outcomes focused on other mental health or social variables with a secondary focus on suicide. Mechanisms of change for suicide prevention were poorly articulated.
LIMITATIONS
The review was limited to English-language studies conducted after 2001 and excluded qualitative studies and those with fewer than 10 participants.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a clear paucity of research in this area, particularly in the lack of randomized clinical trials and studies with suicide prevention as their primary outcome. Researchers should seek to develop or adapt evidence-based, culturally-resonant interventions to reduce the burden of suicide on the African continent.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36806597
pii: S0165-0327(23)00200-8
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.038
pmc: PMC10068682
mid: NIHMS1876830
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
183-190Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K08 MH124459
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : P30 AI064518
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interest The authors have no competing financial interests to declare in relation to this research.
Références
Lancet Glob Health. 2020 Mar;8(3):e387-e398
pubmed: 32035035
AIDS Care. 2023 Jan;35(1):1-6
pubmed: 35348399
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2019 Feb;65(1):20-27
pubmed: 30479180
BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Nov 1;19(1):332
pubmed: 31675949
Cancer Manag Res. 2021 Jun 01;13:4341-4350
pubmed: 34103989
AIDS Behav. 2018 Jan;22(1):1-8
pubmed: 28900756
Crisis. 2020 Mar;41(Suppl 1):S53-S71
pubmed: 32208755
BMJ Open. 2021 Jan 4;11(1):e043227
pubmed: 33397668
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2021 Mar 24;15(1):27
pubmed: 33761982
BMC Public Health. 2014 Dec 29;14:1325
pubmed: 25544716
JAMA Psychiatry. 2020 Oct 1;77(10):997-999
pubmed: 32584942
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2021 Mar 10;8:e9
pubmed: 34026239
Glob Health Res Policy. 2021 Oct 15;6(1):40
pubmed: 34654487
Confl Health. 2018 May 9;12:15
pubmed: 29760768
AIDS. 2020 Sep 1;34(11):1657-1664
pubmed: 32701584
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2021 Feb;51(1):36-46
pubmed: 33624871
Br J Psychiatry. 2018 May;212(5):279-286
pubmed: 29587888
Br J Psychiatry. 2017 Nov;211(5):264-265
pubmed: 29092834
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022 Sep;61(9):1074-1077
pubmed: 35217169
BJPsych Open. 2019 May 31;5(3):e47
pubmed: 31530316
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2021 Jan 23;15(1):13
pubmed: 33485362
Ann Intern Med. 2018 Oct 2;169(7):467-473
pubmed: 30178033
BMC Public Health. 2014 Jun 14;14:606
pubmed: 24927746
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2021 Feb 19;8:e6
pubmed: 33996110
Front Psychol. 2021 Mar 22;12:638377
pubmed: 33828506
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2018 Jun 18;5:e22
pubmed: 29997894
Afr J Reprod Health. 2014 Mar;18(1):155-9
pubmed: 24796180
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2022 Feb 15;16(1):14
pubmed: 35168650
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2021 Jun 6;15(1):57
pubmed: 34092262
BMC Public Health. 2018 Apr 24;18(1):549
pubmed: 29699529
JAMA. 2011 Aug 3;306(5):503-12
pubmed: 21813428
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2019 Jul - Aug;59:20-29
pubmed: 31096165