Evaluation of QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 interferon-γ release assay following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.
COVID-19
ELISpot
QuantiFERON
SARS-CoV-2
T cells
Journal
Clinical and experimental immunology
ISSN: 1365-2249
Titre abrégé: Clin Exp Immunol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0057202
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 06 2023
05 06 2023
Historique:
received:
27
09
2022
revised:
18
01
2023
accepted:
20
02
2023
medline:
8
6
2023
pubmed:
23
2
2023
entrez:
22
2
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
T cells are important in preventing severe disease from SARS-CoV-2, but scalable and field-adaptable alternatives to expert T-cell assays are needed. The interferon-gamma release assay QuantiFERON platform was developed to detect T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 from whole blood with relatively basic equipment and flexibility of processing timelines. Forty-eight participants with different infection and vaccination backgrounds were recruited. Whole blood samples were analysed using the QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay in parallel with the well-established 'Protective Immunity from T Cells in Healthcare workers' (PITCH) ELISpot, which can evaluate spike-specific T-cell responses. The primary aims of this cross-sectional observational cohort study were to establish if the QuantiFERON SARS-Co-V-2 assay could discern differences between specified groups and to assess the sensitivity of the assay compared with the PITCH ELISpot. The QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 distinguished acutely infected individuals (12-21 days post positive PCR) from naïve individuals (P < 0.0001) with 100% sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 T cells, whilst the PITCH ELISpot had reduced sensitivity (62.5%) for the acute infection group. Sensitivity with QuantiFERON for previous infection was 12.5% (172-444 days post positive test) and was inferior to the PITCH ELISpot (75%). Although the QuantiFERON assay could discern differences between unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals (55-166 days since second vaccination), the latter also had reduced sensitivity (44.4%) compared to the PITCH ELISpot (66.6%). The QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay showed potential as a T- cell evaluation tool soon after SARS-CoV-2 infection but has lower sensitivity for use in reliable evaluation of vaccination or more distant infection.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36807499
pii: 7049390
doi: 10.1093/cei/uxad027
pmc: PMC10243914
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Viral
0
Types de publication
Observational Study
Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
249-261Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Immunology.
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