Athletes in medicine: A systematic review of performance of athletes in medicine.
Journal
Medical education
ISSN: 1365-2923
Titre abrégé: Med Educ
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7605655
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2023
09 2023
Historique:
revised:
07
02
2023
received:
31
07
2022
accepted:
08
02
2023
medline:
15
8
2023
pubmed:
23
2
2023
entrez:
22
2
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
As interest in medicine grows, admissions committees must review an increasingly competitive pool of medical school and residency candidates. Nearly all admissions committees have moved towards a holistic review, which considers an applicant's experiences and attributes in addition to academic metrics. As such, identifying nonacademic predictors of success in medicine is necessary. Parallels between skills necessary to succeed in athletics and in medicine have been drawn, including teamwork, discipline and resiliency. This systematic review synthesises the current literature to evaluate the relationship between participation in athletics and performance in medicine. The authors searched five databases to conduct a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Included studies assessed medical students, residents or attending physicians in the United States or Canada and used prior athletic participation as a predictor or explanatory variable. The review examined associations between prior athletic participation and outcomes in medical school, residency and/or as an attending physician. Eighteen studies evaluating medical students (78%), residents (28%) or attending physicians (6%) met inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Twelve (67%) studies specifically assessed participants based on skill level, and five (28%) studies specifically assessed participants based on type of athletic participation (team versus individual). Sixteen studies (89%) found that former athletes performed significantly better than their counterparts (p < 0.05). These studies found significant associations between prior athletic participation and better outcomes in multiple performance indicators, including exam scores, faculty ratings, surgical errors and burnout. Current literature, although limited, suggests that prior participation in athletics may be a predictor of success in medical school and residency. This was demonstrated through objective scoring methods, such as USMLE, and subjective outcomes, such as faculty ratings and burnout. Specifically, multiple studies indicate that former athletes demonstrated increased surgical skill proficiency and decreased burnout as medical students and residents.
Types de publication
Systematic Review
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
807-819Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2023 Association for the Study of Medical Education and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Références
2020 Fall Applicant, Matriculant, and Enrollment Data Tables. AAMC. Accessed November 28, 2021. https://www.aamc.org/data-reports
Hanson JT, Busche K, Elks ML, et al. The validity of MCAT scores in predicting students' performance and progress in medical school: results from a multisite study. Acad Med. 2022;97(9):1374-1384. doi:10.1097/ACM.0000000000004754
Peskun C, Detsky A, Shandling M. Effectiveness of medical school admissions criteria in predicting residency ranking four years later. Med Educ. 2007;41(1):57-64. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02647.x
Jacobparayil A, Ali H, Pomeroy B, Baronia R, Chavez M, Ibrahim Y. Predictors of performance on the United States medical licensing examination step 2 clinical knowledge: a systematic literature review. Cureus. 2022;14(2):e22280. doi:10.7759/cureus.22280
Schneid SD, Kelly CJ, Brandl K. Relationships between preadmission variables and academic outcomes for postbaccalaureate students in medical school. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2022;27(4):1033-1048. doi:10.1007/s10459-022-10129-3
Kreiter CD, Axelson RD. A perspective on medical school admission research and practice over the last 25 years. Teach Learn Med. 2013;25(sup1):S50-S56. doi:10.1080/10401334.2013.842910
Using MCAT Data in 2022 Medical Student Selection. AAMC. Accessed November 28, 2021. https://www.aamc.org/services/mcat-admissions-officers/publications-presentations
Docs A. Holistic Review in Medical School Admissions. Students & Residents. Accessed December 22, 2022. https://students-residents.aamc.org/choosing-medical-career/holistic-review-medical-school-admissions
Purdy AC, Smith BR, Amersi F, et al. Characteristics associated with outstanding general surgery residency graduate performance, as rated by surgical educators. JAMA Surg. 2022;157(10):918-924. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2022.3340
Claessen FMAP, Beks RB, Schol I, Dyer GS. What predicts outstanding orthopedic residents among the program? Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2019;7(6):478-483.
Strowd LC, Gao H, O'Brien MC, Reynolds P, Grier D, Peters TR. Performing under pressure: varsity athletes excel in medical school. MedSciEduc. 2019;29(3):715-720. doi:10.1007/s40670-019-00730-4
Babenko O, Mosewich A. In sport and now in medical school: examining students' well-being and motivations for learning. Int J Med Educ. 2017;8:336-342. doi:10.5116/ijme.59b7.8023
Babenko O, Mosewich A, Sloychuk J. Students' perceptions of learning environment and their leisure-time exercise in medical school: does sport background matter? Perspect Med Educ. 2020;9(2):92-97. doi:10.1007/s40037-020-00560-w
Dobosz RP, Beaty LA. The relationship between athletic participation and high school students' leadership ability. Adolescence. 1999;34(133):215-220.
Kniffin KM, Wansink B, Shimizu M. Sports at work: anticipated and persistent correlates of participation in high school athletics. J Leadersh Organ Stud. 2015;22(2):217-230. doi:10.1177/1548051814538099
What Do 65% of the Most Powerful Women Have In Common? Sports. Fortune. Accessed December 21, 2022. https://fortune.com/2017/09/22/powerful-women-business-sports/
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. The PRISMA group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Medical School Admission Requirements (MSAR): The Most Authoritative Guide to U.S. and Canadian Medical Schools by (AAMC) Association of American Medical Colleges (2011-04-01) Paperback. RuveneCo Inc.; 1697.
Wells G, Shea B, O'Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. Accessed January 28, 2021. http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp
Modesti PA, Reboldi G, Cappuccio FP, et al. Panethnic differences in blood pressure in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(1):e0147601. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147601
Breitkopf DM, Vaughan LE, Hopkins MR. Correlation of behavioral interviewing performance with obstetrics and gynecology residency applicant characteristics. J Surg Educ. 2016;73(6):954-958. doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2016.05.015
Camp CL, Wang D, Turner NS, Grawe BM, Kogan M, Kelly AM. Objective predictors of grit, self-control, and conscientiousness in orthopaedic surgery residency applicants. J am Acad Orthop Surg. 2019;27(5):e227-e234. doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-17-00545
Chan M, Bax N, Woodley C, Jennings M, Nicolson R, Chan P. The first OSCE; does students' experience of performing in public affect their results? BMC Med Educ. 2015;15(1):59. doi:10.1186/s12909-015-0343-0
Chole RA, Ogden MA. Predictors of future success in otolaryngology residency applicants. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012;138(8):707-712. doi:10.1001/archoto.2012.1374
Cychosz CC, Tofte JN, Johnson A, Carender C, Gao Y, Phisitkul P. Factors impacting initial arthroscopy performance and skill progression in novice trainees. Iowa Orthop J. 2019;39(1):7-13.
Harbison RA, Johnson KE, Miller C, Sardesai MG, Davis GE. Face, content, and construct validation of a low-cost, non-biologic, sinus surgery task trainer and knowledge-based curriculum. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2017;7(4):405-413. doi:10.1002/alr.21883
Harper JD, Kaiser S, Ebrahimi K, et al. Prior video game exposure does not enhance robotic surgical performance. J Endourol. 2007;21(10):1207-1210. doi:10.1089/end.2007.9905
Hayden SR, Hayden M, Gamst A. What characteristics of applicants to emergency medicine residency programs predict future success as an emergency medicine resident? Acad Emerg Med. 2005;12(3):206-210. doi:10.1197/j.aem.2005.01.002
Maxfield CM, Grimm LJ. The value of numerical USMLE step 1 scores in radiology resident selection. Acad Radiol. 2020;27(10):1475-1480. doi:10.1016/j.acra.2019.08.007
Naylor RA, Reisch JS, Valentine RJ. Factors related to attrition in surgery residency based on application data. Arch Surg. 2008;143(7):647-651. doi:10.1001/archsurg.143.7.647
Richey BP, Deal MJ, Baker A, et al. Predictors of performance on the arthrobox arthroscopy simulator for medical students. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehab. 2020;2(6):e829-e837. doi:10.1016/j.asmr.2020.07.022
Shee K, Ghali F, Hyams ES. MP11-09 prior experience in athletics is significantly associated with increased robotic surgical skill in robot-naive medical students. J Urol. 2016;195(4S):e114-e115. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2380
Zeng W, Woodhouse J, Brunt LM. Do preclinical background and clerkship experiences impact skills performance in an accelerated internship preparation course for senior medical students? Surgery. 2010;148(4):768-776. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2010.07.022
Lodewyk K, Linkiewich D, Lee A, Babenko O. From jerseys to scrubs: is sport background associated with medical students' tolerance of ambiguity and uncertainty? Health Prof Educ. 2020;6(4):501-505. doi:10.1016/j.hpe.2020.07.005
Miller NM, McGowen RK. The painful truth: physicians are not invincible. South Med J. 2000;93(10):966-973. doi:10.1097/00007611-200093100-00004
Spickard A Jr, Gabbe SG, Christensen JF. Mid-career burnout in generalist and specialist physicians. Jama. 2002;288(12):1447-1450. doi:10.1001/jama.288.12.1447
Hyman SA, Michaels DR, Berry JM, Schildcrout JS, Mercaldo ND, Weinger MB. Risk of burnout in perioperative clinicians: a survey study and literature review. Anesthesiology. 2011;114(1):194-204. doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e318201ce9a
Gazelle G, Liebschutz JM, Riess H. Physician burnout: coaching a way out. J Gen Intern Med. 2015;30(4):508-513. doi:10.1007/s11606-014-3144-y
Grabowski CJ. Impact of holistic review on student interview pool diversity. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2018;23(3):487-498. doi:10.1007/s10459-017-9807-9
Harrison LE. Using holistic review to form a diverse interview pool for selection to medical school. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2019;32(2):218-221. doi:10.1080/08998280.2019.1576575
3000 by 2000: A history of the visionary campaign to diversify med schools, and what got in its way. WHYY. Accessed December 21, 2022. https://whyy.org/segments/3000-by-2000/
Black Male Student-Athletes and Racial Inequities in NCAA Division I College Sports, 2018 Update. Accessed December 21, 2022. https://search.issuelab.org/resource/black-male-student-athletes-and-racial-inequities-in-ncaa-division-i-college-sports-2018-update.html
Do student-athletes make good doctors? AAMC. Accessed February 10, 2021. https://www.aamc.org/news-insights/do-student-athletes-make-good-doctors
The Price of Poverty in Big Time College Sport. Accessed December 21, 2022. https://www.ncpanow.org/research/study-the-price-of-poverty-in-big-time-college-sport